Exam 2: Modern Ideologies and Political Philosophy

Socialist thought sees society as consisting of:

Which of the following was an influential conservative thinker?

American liberalism and American conservatism are such jumbled mixtures of ideas competing for support of pragmatic coalitions in an arena representing a very narrow range of ideas that they are generally lack strong and lasting intellectual consistency.

The belief that society equals MORE than the sum of the parts (i.e. more than simply the sum of individual interests) is characteristic of _________________.

American ideologies migrate consistently toward polar opposite positions on the ideological continuum.

How do liberalism and conservatism differ on their views of power?

The ideology that sees the highest good of society as the ability of its members to develop their individual capacities to the fullest extent is:

The thesis that people must be maximally responsible for their own actions and circumstances essentially describes _____________________.

The type of philosophy that concerns itself with clarifying the language we use when we talk about politics is ________ philosophy.

One of the great liberal thinkers was:

American liberalism and American conservatism are both variants of classical ________________.

In what ways are the ideas of conservatism and socialism alike? How does the fact that they were both reactions to liberalism to some extent help explain the similarities and differences?

"Neoliberalism" is a new, strident form of liberalism that takes both economic and political principles of liberalism and presses for their immediate embrace by government.

During the 1930s, ________ was the dominant ideology in Spain, Germany, and Italy.

In Western Europe, socialists have:

If classic conservatism is associated with the concept of power, then classic liberalism is concerned with _________________.

The newest trends toward creation of ideologies which include so-called green movements with environmental, gender, and life style themes have been labeled ______________________ ideologies.

Machiavelli (The Prince) and Hobbes (Leviathan) can both be described as rather cynical and non-idealistic visions of politics. They both emphasize struggle as a constant in politics.

"Fundamentalists" are those who believe that every word of their scripture must be accepted literally because of its god-given origin and that no other prescriptions for behavior, conduct, or leadership are possible or acceptable.

Ideologies are often useful from an individual, political party, and government perspective.