Question 1

Under standard conditions,ATP can release for every molecule converted to ADP

Accepted Answer

A) less than 1 cal of energy. 
B) 1 to 2 cal of energy. 
C) 7)3 Kcal of energy. 
D) different amounts of energy depending on the cell. 
A) less than 1 cal of energy. 
B) 1 to 2 cal of energy. 
C) 7)3 Kcal of energy. 
D) different amounts of energy depending on the cell.

Question 2

Enzyme 1 converts substrate A into product B.Is this an example of a metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes.This is a metabolic pathway that includes feedback inhibition. 
B) No.This only describes one chemical reaction.A metabolic pathway includes multiple chemical reactions. 
C) Yes.This is a simple metabolic pathway. 
D) No.A metabolic pathway must include an inhibitory step. 
A) Yes.This is a metabolic pathway that includes feedback inhibition. 
B) No.This only describes one chemical reaction.A metabolic pathway includes multiple chemical reactions. 
C) Yes.This is a simple metabolic pathway. 
D) No.A metabolic pathway must include an inhibitory step.

Question 3

In the hypothetical biochemical pathway,P → Q + R → S → T,which step is likely to have evolved first?

Accepted Answer

A) P → Q 
B) Q + R 
C) R → S 
D) S → T 
A) P → Q 
B) Q + R 
C) R → S 
D) S → T

Question 4

The energy needed to destabilize existing chemical bonds and start a chemical reaction is called

Accepted Answer

A) activation energy 
B) free energy 
C) kinetic energy 
D) potential energy 
A) activation energy 
B) free energy 
C) kinetic energy 
D) potential energy

Question 5

If the ΔG of a reaction was -31.45 kJoules,you would know that:

Accepted Answer

A) the products have more free energy than the reactants. 
B) the reaction requires an energy input of 31.45 kJoules to proceed. 
C) the reaction most likely leads to development of a more ordered system. 
D) the reaction is spontaneous. 
A) the products have more free energy than the reactants. 
B) the reaction requires an energy input of 31.45 kJoules to proceed. 
C) the reaction most likely leads to development of a more ordered system. 
D) the reaction is spontaneous.

Question 6

A current problem in modern medicine is the development of drug resistance mutations.This occurs when a mutation arises in a disease-causing microbe making it resistant to a drug and thus rendering the drug useless in treating a specific disease.Many useful drugs are competitive inhibitors of specific enzymes,and the drug-resistance mutations prevent the binding of the drug.These types of mutations,in addition to preventing competitive inhibitor binding,can also sometimes reduce the activity of the enzyme.Why is that the case?

Accepted Answer

A) Binding to the competitive inhibitor is essential for the function of the enzyme 
B) These mutations most likely affect an allosteric site on the enzyme 
C) These mutations lower the activation energy of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme 
D) These mutations most likely change the shape of the active site of the enzyme 
A) Binding to the competitive inhibitor is essential for the function of the enzyme 
B) These mutations most likely affect an allosteric site on the enzyme 
C) These mutations lower the activation energy of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme 
D) These mutations most likely change the shape of the active site of the enzyme

Question 7

Hexokinase is an enzyme that binds specifically to glucose and converts it into glucose 6-phosphate.The activity of hexokinase is suppressed by glucose 6-phosphate,which binds to hexokinase at a location that is distinct from the active site.This is an example of.

Accepted Answer

A) feedback inhibition. 
B) competitive inhibition. 
C) cofactor binding. 
D) allosteric activation. 
A) feedback inhibition. 
B) competitive inhibition. 
C) cofactor binding. 
D) allosteric activation.

Question 8

A particular chemical reaction is exergonic.What can you say about the relationship between the reactants and the products in this exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) The reactants have more free energy than the products 
B) The reactants are likely more disordered and the products are likely more ordered 
C) The reactants cannot spontaneously react to generate the products 
D) The reactants likely have lower enthalpy than the products 
A) The reactants have more free energy than the products 
B) The reactants are likely more disordered and the products are likely more ordered 
C) The reactants cannot spontaneously react to generate the products 
D) The reactants likely have lower enthalpy than the products

Question 9

In a chemical reaction,glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD+ yields 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH.In this reaction,what happened to NAD+?

Accepted Answer

A) It was oxidized to form NADH 
B) It was reduced to form NADH 
C) It was activated to form NADH 
D) it served as an enzyme to catalyze the reaction,and at the end of the reaction formed NADH 
A) It was oxidized to form NADH 
B) It was reduced to form NADH 
C) It was activated to form NADH 
D) it served as an enzyme to catalyze the reaction,and at the end of the reaction formed NADH

Question 10

In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction,the reactant is called the

Accepted Answer

A) coenzyme 
B) catalyst 
C) substrate 
D) product 
A) coenzyme 
B) catalyst 
C) substrate 
D) product

Question 11

While conducting an experiment,you realize that a competitive inhibitor was interfering with your reaction.How could you overcome this problem?

Accepted Answer

A) Add a noncompetitive inhibitor to the reaction. 
B) Add a cofactor to the reaction. 
C) Increase the concentration of the correct substrate in the reaction. 
D) Add an allosteric activator to the reaction. 
A) Add a noncompetitive inhibitor to the reaction. 
B) Add a cofactor to the reaction. 
C) Increase the concentration of the correct substrate in the reaction. 
D) Add an allosteric activator to the reaction.

Question 12

A new antibiotic has been developed.It acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor of an enzyme.How will this antibiotic affect delta G for the reaction that is catalyzed by the enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A) Delta G will increase 
B) Delta G will decrease 
C) Delta G will be unaffected 
A) Delta G will increase 
B) Delta G will decrease 
C) Delta G will be unaffected

Question 13

A drug binds to the active site of an enzyme.If it is bound to the active site of the enzyme,it prevents substrate binding.This drug would be considered a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) noncompetitive inhibitor. 
B) allosteric inhibitor. 
C) allosteric activator. 
D) competitive inhibitor. 
A) noncompetitive inhibitor. 
B) allosteric inhibitor. 
C) allosteric activator. 
D) competitive inhibitor.

Exam 6: Energy and Metabolism

Under standard conditions,ATP can release for every molecule converted to ADP

Enzyme 1 converts substrate A into product B.Is this an example of a metabolic pathway?

In the hypothetical biochemical pathway,P → Q + R → S → T,which step is likely to have evolved first?

The energy needed to destabilize existing chemical bonds and start a chemical reaction is called

If the ΔG of a reaction was -31.45 kJoules,you would know that:

Hexokinase is an enzyme that binds specifically to glucose and converts it into glucose 6-phosphate.The activity of hexokinase is suppressed by glucose 6-phosphate,which binds to hexokinase at a location that is distinct from the active site.This is an example of.

A particular chemical reaction is exergonic.What can you say about the relationship between the reactants and the products in this exergonic reaction?

In a chemical reaction,glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD+ yields 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH.In this reaction,what happened to NAD+?

In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction,the reactant is called the

While conducting an experiment,you realize that a competitive inhibitor was interfering with your reaction.How could you overcome this problem?

A new antibiotic has been developed.It acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor of an enzyme.How will this antibiotic affect delta G for the reaction that is catalyzed by the enzyme?

A drug binds to the active site of an enzyme.If it is bound to the active site of the enzyme,it prevents substrate binding.This drug would be considered a(n)

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In a chemical reaction,glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD⁺ yields 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH.In this reaction,what happened to NAD⁺?