Question 1

Elucidation of the histone code might

Accepted Answer

A) allow us to turn specific genes on or off. 
B) allow the determination of nucleosome composition. 
C) lead to chromatin remodeling. 
D) allow us to control translation. 
A) allow us to turn specific genes on or off. 
B) allow the determination of nucleosome composition. 
C) lead to chromatin remodeling. 
D) allow us to control translation.

Question 2

A site at the 5' end of a gene where RNA polymerase attaches to initiate transcription is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) operon. 
B) repressor. 
C) promoter. 
D) operator. 
E) CAP. 
A) operon. 
B) repressor. 
C) promoter. 
D) operator. 
E) CAP.

Question 3

The proteins necessary for the use of lactose in E.coli are collectively called the

Accepted Answer

A) lac regulator. 
B) lac suppressor. 
C) lac operon. 
D) lac promoter. 
E) lac transcriptional operator. 
A) lac regulator. 
B) lac suppressor. 
C) lac operon. 
D) lac promoter. 
E) lac transcriptional operator.

Question 4

One of the DNA-binding motifs in many eukaryotic organisms that contains a nearly identical sequence of 60 amino acids is known as the

Accepted Answer

A) nonhelical zipper. 
B) leucine zipper. 
C) zinc finger. 
D) homeodomain. 
E) helix-turn-helix. 
A) nonhelical zipper. 
B) leucine zipper. 
C) zinc finger. 
D) homeodomain. 
E) helix-turn-helix.

Question 5

A cluster of functionally-related genes that are regulated together and encoded into a single mRNA molecule is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) operon. 
B) repressor. 
C) promoter. 
D) operator. 
E) CAP. 
A) operon. 
B) repressor. 
C) promoter. 
D) operator. 
E) CAP.

Question 6

The maintenance of a constant environment in a cell is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) active transport 
B) homeostasis 
C) gene expression 
D) translation 
A) active transport 
B) homeostasis 
C) gene expression 
D) translation

Question 7

If you were given a bacterial strain with a mutation in the promoter region of the trp operon the most likely effect would be

Accepted Answer

A) interference with RNA polymerase binding. 
B) to block the repressor from binding. 
C) derepression of the trp operon. 
D) enabling the trp operon to be expressed in the absence of tryptophan. 
E) lack of expression of just the first gene in the operon. 
A) interference with RNA polymerase binding. 
B) to block the repressor from binding. 
C) derepression of the trp operon. 
D) enabling the trp operon to be expressed in the absence of tryptophan. 
E) lack of expression of just the first gene in the operon.

Question 8

Eukaryotic cell mRNA transcripts can remain in the cell for hours because they are

Accepted Answer

A) stable. 
B) long. 
C) isolated. 
D) analogous. 
A) stable. 
B) long. 
C) isolated. 
D) analogous.

Question 9

Although the specific mechanism of RNA interference has not been fully defined,it involves

Accepted Answer

A) double stranded RNA interference with mRNA. 
B) double stranded RNA interference with DNA. 
C) double stranded DNA interference with mRNA. 
D) double stranded mRNA interference with DNA. 
A) double stranded RNA interference with mRNA. 
B) double stranded RNA interference with DNA. 
C) double stranded DNA interference with mRNA. 
D) double stranded mRNA interference with DNA.

Question 10

You are studying regulation of a prokaryotic operon.Experiments show that expression of the operon is increased when levels of biosynthetic product from that pathway are low.Based on this information,what is a likely mode of regulation?

Accepted Answer

A) The product binds a repressor,allowing it to bind the operator. 
B) The product binds an activator,helping RNA polymerase to bind the promoter. 
C) The product binds a repressor,preventing it from binding the operator. 
D) The product binds to the biosynthetic enzymes,blocking them directly. 
A) The product binds a repressor,allowing it to bind the operator. 
B) The product binds an activator,helping RNA polymerase to bind the promoter. 
C) The product binds a repressor,preventing it from binding the operator. 
D) The product binds to the biosynthetic enzymes,blocking them directly.

Question 11

Enhancers are the binding sites for the

Accepted Answer

A) promoters of DNA synthesis. 
B) suppressor factors. 
C) coactivation factors. 
D) mediator factors. 
E) specific transcription factors. 
A) promoters of DNA synthesis. 
B) suppressor factors. 
C) coactivation factors. 
D) mediator factors. 
E) specific transcription factors.

Question 12

Your research project involves the characterization of a recently identified transcription factor.As part of your project,you want to determine if this transcription factor binds directly to any of the general transcription factors.Unfortunately,you are having trouble expressing the full-length protein.What approach may help achieve your research goal?

Accepted Answer

A) You must find a way to express the full-length protein,since transcription factor functions do not lie in separate domains. 
B) Identify the RNA that mediates the protein-protein binding. 
C) Express and purify only the DNA-binding domain,and test for binding. 
D) Express and purify only the activation domain,and test for binding. 
A) You must find a way to express the full-length protein,since transcription factor functions do not lie in separate domains. 
B) Identify the RNA that mediates the protein-protein binding. 
C) Express and purify only the DNA-binding domain,and test for binding. 
D) Express and purify only the activation domain,and test for binding.

Question 13

Through control of gene expression,a bacterial cell responds to changing ________ conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) internal 
B) protein 
C) environmental 
D) genetic 
A) internal 
B) protein 
C) environmental 
D) genetic

Question 14

A defining characteristic of eukaryotic organisms is that they

Accepted Answer

A) have their transcription occurring in the cytoplasm and translation in the nucleus. 
B) have their transcription occurring in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm. 
C) have only operons to assist in gene expression. 
D) carry out protein synthesis only in the presence of the cAMP molecule. 
E) use the leucine zipper primarily for the production of the amino acid tryptophan. 
A) have their transcription occurring in the cytoplasm and translation in the nucleus. 
B) have their transcription occurring in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm. 
C) have only operons to assist in gene expression. 
D) carry out protein synthesis only in the presence of the cAMP molecule. 
E) use the leucine zipper primarily for the production of the amino acid tryptophan.

Question 15

Histones that are tightly wound by DNA and are the basic unit of chromatin are called

Accepted Answer

A) operons. 
B) nucleosomes. 
C) protein clusters. 
D) repressor genes. 
E) facilitators sites. 
A) operons. 
B) nucleosomes. 
C) protein clusters. 
D) repressor genes. 
E) facilitators sites.

Question 16

In vertebrates,DNA methylation - the addition of a methyl group to DNA nucleotides - ensures that

Accepted Answer

A) the gene functions without interruption. 
B) no errors will be made during transcription. 
C) the nucleosome will quickly form,which assists in mRNA formation. 
D) once that gene is transcribed,the mRNA is saved and used over and over again. 
E) once a gene is turned off,it will remain off. 
A) the gene functions without interruption. 
B) no errors will be made during transcription. 
C) the nucleosome will quickly form,which assists in mRNA formation. 
D) once that gene is transcribed,the mRNA is saved and used over and over again. 
E) once a gene is turned off,it will remain off.

Question 17

Certain proteins can bind to specific DNA regulatory sequences by entering

Accepted Answer

A) the major groove of the DNA and reading the nucleotide base pairs. 
B) the minor groove of the DNA and reading the nucleotide base pairs. 
C) the major groove of RNA and reading the nucleotide base pairs. 
D) DNA's major groove by using DNA polymerase and reading the nucleotide base pairs. 
E) DNA's minor groove by using DNA polymerase and reading the nucleotide base pairs. 
A) the major groove of the DNA and reading the nucleotide base pairs. 
B) the minor groove of the DNA and reading the nucleotide base pairs. 
C) the major groove of RNA and reading the nucleotide base pairs. 
D) DNA's major groove by using DNA polymerase and reading the nucleotide base pairs. 
E) DNA's minor groove by using DNA polymerase and reading the nucleotide base pairs.

Question 18

You lead a research team challenged with the task of creating a regulatory protein able to shut off transcription of a particular gene.You focus your design around a binding site called an operator that is associated with the promotor.The physical location of the operator most likely to affect transcription would be

Accepted Answer

A) upstream of the gene promoter. 
B) downstream of the gene promoter. 
C) internal to the gene itself. 
D) internal to the gene promoter. 
A) upstream of the gene promoter. 
B) downstream of the gene promoter. 
C) internal to the gene itself. 
D) internal to the gene promoter.

Question 19

A protein that initiates gene transcription and allows for non-glucose molecules to be used is

Accepted Answer

A) operon. 
B) repressor. 
C) promoter. 
D) operator. 
E) CAP. 
A) operon. 
B) repressor. 
C) promoter. 
D) operator. 
E) CAP.

Question 20

You have been asked to design a synthetic DNA motif,able to bind transcriptional regulatory proteins.The location on this motif that you will design for protein binding is the

Accepted Answer

A) minor groove of the DNA double helix. 
B) major groove of the DNA double helix. 
C) phosphate backbone of the DNA double helix. 
D) sugar backbone of the DNA double helix. 
E) available hydrogen-bonds of bases in single-stranded DNA. 
A) minor groove of the DNA double helix. 
B) major groove of the DNA double helix. 
C) phosphate backbone of the DNA double helix. 
D) sugar backbone of the DNA double helix. 
E) available hydrogen-bonds of bases in single-stranded DNA.

Exam 16: Control of Gene Expression

Elucidation of the histone code might

A site at the 5' end of a gene where RNA polymerase attaches to initiate transcription is called a(n)

The proteins necessary for the use of lactose in E.coli are collectively called the

One of the DNA-binding motifs in many eukaryotic organisms that contains a nearly identical sequence of 60 amino acids is known as the

A cluster of functionally-related genes that are regulated together and encoded into a single mRNA molecule is called a(n)

The maintenance of a constant environment in a cell is called ________.

If you were given a bacterial strain with a mutation in the promoter region of the trp operon the most likely effect would be

Eukaryotic cell mRNA transcripts can remain in the cell for hours because they are

Although the specific mechanism of RNA interference has not been fully defined,it involves

You are studying regulation of a prokaryotic operon.Experiments show that expression of the operon is increased when levels of biosynthetic product from that pathway are low.Based on this information,what is a likely mode of regulation?

Enhancers are the binding sites for the

Through control of gene expression,a bacterial cell responds to changing ________ conditions.

A defining characteristic of eukaryotic organisms is that they

Histones that are tightly wound by DNA and are the basic unit of chromatin are called

In vertebrates,DNA methylation - the addition of a methyl group to DNA nucleotides - ensures that

Certain proteins can bind to specific DNA regulatory sequences by entering

A protein that initiates gene transcription and allows for non-glucose molecules to be used is

You have been asked to design a synthetic DNA motif,able to bind transcriptional regulatory proteins.The location on this motif that you will design for protein binding is the

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