Exam 24: Genome Evolution

Hox genes are a family of transcription factors that regulate development throughout the animal kingdom.Studies of Hox genes in mice and Drosophila showed that many Hox genes are conserved between both species,and several Hox genes duplicated into new genes with novel functions within mice.Some Hox genes have even lost all function.Hox genes provide an example of which of the following? Check all that apply.

The best explanation for why a mouse develops into a mouse and not a human is

Choose the true statements about the human and tiger pufferfish genomes.

One of the reasons that pufferfish are a good species to compare to humans is because

The best explanation for the phenotypic differences between humans and chimps despite the great similarities in their gene-coding sequences is

Many retroviral-like transposons found in the human genome may have been transferred from viruses to mammals via ________ gene transfer.

Petrels (a flying and diving seabird)are thought to be one of the closest living relatives to penguins.What type of genes would be most likely to exhibit different expression patterns between these species?

What type of genes would be most likely to exhibit different expression patterns between humans and non-human primates,such as gorillas?

If a gene is found in different groups,it is said to be

Choose the true statements about orthologs and paralogs.

Plant species regularly hybridize in nature,but only some crosses result in new polyploid species.Of the crosses below,if each one occurred,which would be most likely to result in a new stable polyploid species?

Crop sunflowers are attacked by many fungal pathogens,such as downy mildew and Sclerotinia,resulting in economic losses of millions of dollars per year.What genes would be best to target for the development of new fungus-killing crop treatments (fungicides)?

Choose the correct sequence of events involving allopolyploidy that gave rise to modern tobacco.

Genome sequencing of the parasitic protist Plasmodium falciparum has been completed.One of the results is

In plants,________ induces elimination of duplicated genes.

One of the ways that two species can be compared,and information about the genetic basis of human diseases extracted,is by using their sequenced genomes and

Choose the true statement about synteny.

One of the unexpected findings to occur in comparing mouse and human genomes is

Genome sequencing of our human ancestor,Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis),revealed that Neanderthals have a FOXP2 gene with the same two amino acid changes observed in H.sapiens FOXP2.What can be concluded based on this finding? (Check all that apply)

Duplication of individual chromosomes instead of whole genomes can occur by ________.