Question 1

What is the process that eventually leads to the death of a plant?

Accepted Answer

A) outcrossing 
B) dichogamy 
C) abscission 
D) perennial 
E) senescence 
A) outcrossing 
B) dichogamy 
C) abscission 
D) perennial 
E) senescence

Question 2

Pea plants are self-pollinators.What can you further deduce about peas? (Check all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Peas will be more resistant to garden pests than other plants. 
B) Peas are less likely to invade highly variable natural environments than other plants. 
C) A gardener planning to collect heirloom seeds can plant different varieties of peas near each other. 
D) Peas will be more resistant to new plant diseases. 
E) To perform his pea cross-pollination experiments,Gregor Mendel must have first removed the stamens from flowers to prevent self-pollination. 
A) Peas will be more resistant to garden pests than other plants. 
B) Peas are less likely to invade highly variable natural environments than other plants. 
C) A gardener planning to collect heirloom seeds can plant different varieties of peas near each other. 
D) Peas will be more resistant to new plant diseases. 
E) To perform his pea cross-pollination experiments,Gregor Mendel must have first removed the stamens from flowers to prevent self-pollination.

Question 3

Rank these plant types from those that undergo senescence soonest after seed germination to those that live longest.
1.herbaceous perennial
2.biennial
3.annual
4.woody perennial

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rank these plant types from those that...

Question 4

Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to attract pollinators to a flower?

Accepted Answer

A) the amount of nectar 
B) odor 
C) color of the flower in visible light 
D) color of the flower in UV light 
E) taste of the ovules 
A) the amount of nectar 
B) odor 
C) color of the flower in visible light 
D) color of the flower in UV light 
E) taste of the ovules

Question 5

Arabidopsis plants with a mutation in the gene embryonic Flower (EMF)produce flowers almost immediately after germination,before shoot growth occurs.What is the normal role of this gene?

Accepted Answer

A) The wildtype EMF allele causes growth of flowers in the embryo. 
B) The wildtype EMF allele causes death of the shoot tissue. 
C) The wildtype EMF allele prevents flowering from happening too soon. 
D) The wildtype EMF allele prevents phase change and facilitates flower determination. 
A) The wildtype EMF allele causes growth of flowers in the embryo. 
B) The wildtype EMF allele causes death of the shoot tissue. 
C) The wildtype EMF allele prevents flowering from happening too soon. 
D) The wildtype EMF allele prevents phase change and facilitates flower determination.

Question 6

What is the portion of a dicot seedling below the cotyledons called?

Accepted Answer

A) internode 
B) epicotyl 
C) hypocotyl 
D) plumule 
E) subcotyl 
A) internode 
B) epicotyl 
C) hypocotyl 
D) plumule 
E) subcotyl

Question 7

Which structure contains the angiosperm egg?

Accepted Answer

A) style 
B) endosperm 
C) anther 
D) embryo sac 
E) stigma 
A) style 
B) endosperm 
C) anther 
D) embryo sac 
E) stigma

Question 8

What does the globular stage of plant embryo development give rise to?

Accepted Answer

A) a heart-shaped dicot embryo 
B) the suspensor of the germinating seed 
C) a double monocot embryo 
D) the monocot scutellum 
E) the rhizoid of Fucus 
A) a heart-shaped dicot embryo 
B) the suspensor of the germinating seed 
C) a double monocot embryo 
D) the monocot scutellum 
E) the rhizoid of Fucus

Question 9

Which of the following statements about plant reproduction is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) Monoecious plants can have male and female flowers on the same plant. 
B) Dioecious plants have male and female flowers on different plants. 
C) Self-pollinating angiosperms are usually adapted to stable habitats. 
D) Outcrossing promotes genetic diversity. 
E) Self-pollinated plants must be visited by pollinators for fertilization to occur. 
A) Monoecious plants can have male and female flowers on the same plant. 
B) Dioecious plants have male and female flowers on different plants. 
C) Self-pollinating angiosperms are usually adapted to stable habitats. 
D) Outcrossing promotes genetic diversity. 
E) Self-pollinated plants must be visited by pollinators for fertilization to occur.

Question 10

Angiosperms use which temporary reproductive structures that are not present in any other group of plants?

Accepted Answer

A) cones 
B) carpels 
C) receptacles 
D) flowers 
E) seeds 
A) cones 
B) carpels 
C) receptacles 
D) flowers 
E) seeds

Question 11

Which of these is not an example of coevolution between flowers and pollinating bees?

Accepted Answer

A) Bees have tongues to lap up nectar. 
B) Some bees are hairy to collect and carry pollen. 
C) Flowers have ultraviolet markings visible to bees but invisible to most other insects. 
D) Some flowers are bright red with long tubes to hold nectar. 
E) Bees have strong preferences for particular types of flowers and remember where the plants are located. 
A) Bees have tongues to lap up nectar. 
B) Some bees are hairy to collect and carry pollen. 
C) Flowers have ultraviolet markings visible to bees but invisible to most other insects. 
D) Some flowers are bright red with long tubes to hold nectar. 
E) Bees have strong preferences for particular types of flowers and remember where the plants are located.

Question 12

Flowering plants use animals or wind to transfer ________ between flowers.

Accepted Answer

A) microspores 
B) megaspores 
C) ovules 
D) seeds 
E) pollen 
A) microspores 
B) megaspores 
C) ovules 
D) seeds 
E) pollen

Question 13

What do the two daughter cells generated by the first asymmetric division of the plant zygote become?

Accepted Answer

A) the suspensor and the embryo 
B) the epicotyl and the hypocotyl 
C) the root and the shoot 
D) the egg and pollen 
E) the xylem and the phloem 
A) the suspensor and the embryo 
B) the epicotyl and the hypocotyl 
C) the root and the shoot 
D) the egg and pollen 
E) the xylem and the phloem

Question 14

What is the name of the meristematic tissue that gives rise to future vascular tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) procambium 
B) cork cambium 
C) ground meristem 
D) dermal tissue 
E) protoderm 
A) procambium 
B) cork cambium 
C) ground meristem 
D) dermal tissue 
E) protoderm

Question 15

Heirloom plants are treasured for their flavorful produce and true-breeding progeny that allow gardeners to avoid repeatedly purchasing seed from agribusiness conglomerates.What special effort is required to save seed from heirloom biennials such as carrots?

Accepted Answer

A) Since carrots produce large roots,they do not devote many resources to seed development.The roots must be trimmed before collecting seed. 
B) Since carrots build up so much beta-carotene,they do not devote many resources to seed development.A yellow carrot variety will produce better seeds than a darker one. 
C) Since carrots are related to wild weeds,they are often cross-pollinated.The green top must be bagged to ensure self-pollination. 
D) Biennials do not produce seed until the second year of growth.Although carrot roots are normally harvested after one season,they must be allowed to grow another year for seed collection. 
A) Since carrots produce large roots,they do not devote many resources to seed development.The roots must be trimmed before collecting seed. 
B) Since carrots build up so much beta-carotene,they do not devote many resources to seed development.A yellow carrot variety will produce better seeds than a darker one. 
C) Since carrots are related to wild weeds,they are often cross-pollinated.The green top must be bagged to ensure self-pollination. 
D) Biennials do not produce seed until the second year of growth.Although carrot roots are normally harvested after one season,they must be allowed to grow another year for seed collection.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the epicotyl is true?

Accepted Answer

A) It remains in the ground after a seed has germinated. 
B) It is the portion of the stem axis that is directly below the cotyledons. 
C) The shoot apical meristem of a seedling is located just above it. 
D) It takes up most of the volume within a monocot or dicot seed. 
E) It forms immediately above the secondary roots of a seedling. 
A) It remains in the ground after a seed has germinated. 
B) It is the portion of the stem axis that is directly below the cotyledons. 
C) The shoot apical meristem of a seedling is located just above it. 
D) It takes up most of the volume within a monocot or dicot seed. 
E) It forms immediately above the secondary roots of a seedling.

Question 17

Your friend examines an ivy vine growing on the side of a campus building and says,"Look - some of the branches on this plant have a different morphology.The leaf shapes and patterning are different,and there are flowers on some branches but not others.There must have been a mutation!" You respond,

Accepted Answer

A) "I think you're right.Maybe there was a mutation in the LEAFY (LFY)gene,and the loss of LFY has promoted flowering and had pleiotropic effects on leaf morphology." 
B) "No,those branches have just undergone phase change.Now they're in the adult form,and have become competent to respond to flowering signals." 
C) "I think you're right.Maybe the embryonic flower (emf)gene is being overexpressed,and that's causing flowers to form." 
D) "No,those morphological changes are just evidence that this plant's environment has changed during its lifetime." 
A) "I think you're right.Maybe there was a mutation in the LEAFY (LFY)gene,and the loss of LFY has promoted flowering and had pleiotropic effects on leaf morphology." 
B) "No,those branches have just undergone phase change.Now they're in the adult form,and have become competent to respond to flowering signals." 
C) "I think you're right.Maybe the embryonic flower (emf)gene is being overexpressed,and that's causing flowers to form." 
D) "No,those morphological changes are just evidence that this plant's environment has changed during its lifetime."

Question 18

Which of these is not part of a seed?

Accepted Answer

A) endosperm 
B) embryo 
C) diploid cells 
D) seed coat 
E) fruit 
A) endosperm 
B) embryo 
C) diploid cells 
D) seed coat 
E) fruit

Question 19

What is the name of the elongated structure that links the embryo to the nutrient tissue of the seed?

Accepted Answer

A) suspensor 
B) cotyledon 
C) epicotyl 
D) style 
E) ovule 
A) suspensor 
B) cotyledon 
C) epicotyl 
D) style 
E) ovule

Question 20

Despite its name,Kentucky Bluegrass is a widespread turfgrass used for lawns throughout the United States.In some regions,strains have developed desirable disease-resistant properties.However,Kentucky Bluegrass typically develops by apomixis.Plant breeders say this creates both a challenge and an opportunity for engineering novel strains.Why?

Accepted Answer

A) In apomixis,new plants develop from underground horizontal stems.This allows for fast propagation of new strains,but all progeny are identical to the parent. 
B) Plants that develop by apomixis are naturally tolerant of herbicides.As a result,herbicide tolerance genes cannot be used as selectable markers for a transgene,but herbicides can be used to keep the resulting culture pure. 
C) Since the progeny of apomixis are triploid,hybrids have an imbalance of parental genes.However,this may be desirable if a higher proportion of one allele is beneficial. 
D) If a seed develops by apomixis,it will be identical to its parent.Hybridization with another strain requires special techniques.However,once a hybrid strain is developed,apomixis ensures its reliable propagation. 
A) In apomixis,new plants develop from underground horizontal stems.This allows for fast propagation of new strains,but all progeny are identical to the parent. 
B) Plants that develop by apomixis are naturally tolerant of herbicides.As a result,herbicide tolerance genes cannot be used as selectable markers for a transgene,but herbicides can be used to keep the resulting culture pure. 
C) Since the progeny of apomixis are triploid,hybrids have an imbalance of parental genes.However,this may be desirable if a higher proportion of one allele is beneficial. 
D) If a seed develops by apomixis,it will be identical to its parent.Hybridization with another strain requires special techniques.However,once a hybrid strain is developed,apomixis ensures its reliable propagation.

Exam 40: Plant Reproduction

What is the process that eventually leads to the death of a plant?

Pea plants are self-pollinators.What can you further deduce about peas? (Check all that apply.)

Rank these plant types from those that undergo senescence soonest after seed germination to those that live longest. 1.herbaceous perennial 2.biennial 3.annual 4.woody perennial

Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to attract pollinators to a flower?

Arabidopsis plants with a mutation in the gene embryonic Flower (EMF)produce flowers almost immediately after germination,before shoot growth occurs.What is the normal role of this gene?

What is the portion of a dicot seedling below the cotyledons called?

Which structure contains the angiosperm egg?

What does the globular stage of plant embryo development give rise to?

Which of the following statements about plant reproduction is incorrect?

Angiosperms use which temporary reproductive structures that are not present in any other group of plants?

Which of these is not an example of coevolution between flowers and pollinating bees?

Flowering plants use animals or wind to transfer ________ between flowers.

What do the two daughter cells generated by the first asymmetric division of the plant zygote become?

What is the name of the meristematic tissue that gives rise to future vascular tissue?

Heirloom plants are treasured for their flavorful produce and true-breeding progeny that allow gardeners to avoid repeatedly purchasing seed from agribusiness conglomerates.What special effort is required to save seed from heirloom biennials such as carrots?

Which of the following statements about the epicotyl is true?

Your friend examines an ivy vine growing on the side of a campus building and says,"Look - some of the branches on this plant have a different morphology.The leaf shapes and patterning are different,and there are flowers on some branches but not others.There must have been a mutation!" You respond,

Which of these is not part of a seed?

What is the name of the elongated structure that links the embryo to the nutrient tissue of the seed?

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes, mapping, and the Meiosisinheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics,phylogenies,and Comparative Biology

Genome Evolution

The Origin and Diversity of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Diversity and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostomes

Deuterostomes

Plant Form

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Ecology of Individuals and Populations

Community Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Impacts

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