Question 1

What is NOT true about the human large intestine?

Accepted Answer

A) About 4% of fluid absorption takes place in it. 
B) It is longer than the small intestine. 
C) It contains three relatively straight segments with no villi. 
D) Sodium,vitamin K and other bacterial metabolic products are absorbed across its wall. 
E) It compacts and stores undigested materials until their excretion as feces. 
A) About 4% of fluid absorption takes place in it. 
B) It is longer than the small intestine. 
C) It contains three relatively straight segments with no villi. 
D) Sodium,vitamin K and other bacterial metabolic products are absorbed across its wall. 
E) It compacts and stores undigested materials until their excretion as feces.

Question 2

In humans,the surface area of the small intestine is

Accepted Answer

A) 3 square centimeters. 
B) 3 square meters. 
C) 300 square meters. 
D) 3,000 square meters. 
E) 300,000 square meters. 
A) 3 square centimeters. 
B) 3 square meters. 
C) 300 square meters. 
D) 3,000 square meters. 
E) 300,000 square meters.

Question 3

The liver removes excess glucose from the blood and converts it into ________.

Accepted Answer

A) cellulose 
B) maltose and other disaccharides 
C) starch 
D) glycogen 
E) bile 
A) cellulose 
B) maltose and other disaccharides 
C) starch 
D) glycogen 
E) bile

Question 4

After consuming an antacid like Rolaids,________.

Accepted Answer

A) the stomach would absorb water 
B) HCl production would decrease 
C) the pH of the stomach fluid would decrease 
D) the pH of the stomach fluid would increase 
A) the stomach would absorb water 
B) HCl production would decrease 
C) the pH of the stomach fluid would decrease 
D) the pH of the stomach fluid would increase

Question 5

Bicarbonate that neutralizes stomach acid is produced by the

Accepted Answer

A) duodenum. 
B) small intestine. 
C) pancreas. 
D) large intestine. 
E) liver. 
A) duodenum. 
B) small intestine. 
C) pancreas. 
D) large intestine. 
E) liver.

Question 6

Which process in the diagram would occur the most after eating a fatty meal of french fries and ice cream?

Accepted Answer

A) II 
B) I 
C) III 
D) II and III equally 
E) I and II equally 
A) II 
B) I 
C) III 
D) II and III equally 
E) I and II equally

Question 7

The luminal contents of the same organ that secretes the hormone into the blood inhibits the further release of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) gastrin 
B) cholecystokinin 
C) gastric inhibitory peptide 
D) secretin 
E) insulin 
A) gastrin 
B) cholecystokinin 
C) gastric inhibitory peptide 
D) secretin 
E) insulin

Question 8

A baby is born without the ability to make chief cells.What would be the best type of diet for this baby?

Accepted Answer

A) a low-fat diet 
B) a diet low in simple sugars such as glucose and fructose 
C) a diet low in protein 
D) a diet low in complex carbohydrates such as starch 
E) a diet low in minerals and vitamins 
A) a low-fat diet 
B) a diet low in simple sugars such as glucose and fructose 
C) a diet low in protein 
D) a diet low in complex carbohydrates such as starch 
E) a diet low in minerals and vitamins

Question 9

Many animals have a mutually-beneficial,symbiotic relationship with bacteria that reside in their guts.To study the effects of these relationships in more detail,research organisms such as fish and mice have been raised under germ-free conditions.What important process do you predict is compromised in germ-free mice?

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin C synthesis 
B) vitamin D synthesis 
C) synthesis of essential amino acids 
D) vitamin K synthesis 
E) leptin synthesis 
A) vitamin C synthesis 
B) vitamin D synthesis 
C) synthesis of essential amino acids 
D) vitamin K synthesis 
E) leptin synthesis

Question 10

Dorothy suffered a serious stroke that destroyed neurons in the swallowing center of her brain.This damage to her brain would prevent ________.

Accepted Answer

A) peristalsis 
B) bolus formation by her tongue 
C) elevation of the soft palate 
D) mastication 
E) secretion of saliva 
A) peristalsis 
B) bolus formation by her tongue 
C) elevation of the soft palate 
D) mastication 
E) secretion of saliva

Question 11

Out of the estimated total of 9 liters of material passing through the small intestine,how much of it is absorbed in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A) about 50 milliliters 
B) about 350 milliliters 
C) about 4.5 liters 
D) about 8.5 liters 
E) all of it 
A) about 50 milliliters 
B) about 350 milliliters 
C) about 4.5 liters 
D) about 8.5 liters 
E) all of it

Question 12

The activities of cells in different layers of the tubular gastrointestinal tract are regulated by clusters of nerves located in the submucosa.These nerve complexes are called

Accepted Answer

A) serosa. 
B) muscularis. 
C) plexuses. 
D) villi. 
E) epithelia. 
A) serosa. 
B) muscularis. 
C) plexuses. 
D) villi. 
E) epithelia.

Question 13

If a person is diagnosed with lactose intolerance,which of the following is likely?

Accepted Answer

A) Eating fatty foods would be lethal. 
B) Eating dairy foods would be lethal. 
C) Digesting sugars is no longer possible. 
D) Eating dairy products could cause gastrointestinal pain. 
E) This person could only drink milk. 
A) Eating fatty foods would be lethal. 
B) Eating dairy foods would be lethal. 
C) Digesting sugars is no longer possible. 
D) Eating dairy products could cause gastrointestinal pain. 
E) This person could only drink milk.

Question 14

All of the following teeth are found in adult vertebrates except

Accepted Answer

A) canines. 
B) premolars. 
C) molars. 
D) precanines. 
E) incisors. 
A) canines. 
B) premolars. 
C) molars. 
D) precanines. 
E) incisors.

Question 15

In the human diet,there are no "essential" ________.

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates 
B) amino acids 
C) vitamins 
D) fatty acids 
E) minerals 
A) carbohydrates 
B) amino acids 
C) vitamins 
D) fatty acids 
E) minerals

Question 16

The rumen of the first stomach of ruminants serves as a fermentation chamber in which bacteria and protozoa degrade

Accepted Answer

A) protein. 
B) fats. 
C) cellulose. 
D) glucose. 
E) starch. 
A) protein. 
B) fats. 
C) cellulose. 
D) glucose. 
E) starch.

Question 17

Deficiencies of brush border enzymes in the small intestine would NOT affect the complete digestion of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) fats 
B) starch 
C) DNA and RNA 
D) sucrose 
E) proteins 
A) fats 
B) starch 
C) DNA and RNA 
D) sucrose 
E) proteins

Question 18

Which molecule is not able to be absorbed across the stomach wall?

Accepted Answer

A) water 
B) alcohol 
C) aspirin 
D) glucose 
A) water 
B) alcohol 
C) aspirin 
D) glucose

Question 19

What digestive hormone stimulates gall bladder contraction?

Accepted Answer

A) gastrin 
B) cholecystokinin 
C) gastric inhibitory peptide 
D) secretin 
E) insulin 
A) gastrin 
B) cholecystokinin 
C) gastric inhibitory peptide 
D) secretin 
E) insulin

Question 20

James has been having trouble digesting lean steaks and other protein-rich foods,and these foods seem to stay in his stomach longer than usual.James is likely lacking the enzyme ________.

Accepted Answer

A) pepsin 
B) glucagon 
C) bile 
D) lipase 
E) amylase 
A) pepsin 
B) glucagon 
C) bile 
D) lipase 
E) amylase

Exam 46: The Digestive System

What is NOT true about the human large intestine?

In humans,the surface area of the small intestine is

The liver removes excess glucose from the blood and converts it into ________.

After consuming an antacid like Rolaids,________.

Bicarbonate that neutralizes stomach acid is produced by the

Which process in the diagram would occur the most after eating a fatty meal of french fries and ice cream?

The luminal contents of the same organ that secretes the hormone into the blood inhibits the further release of ________.

A baby is born without the ability to make chief cells.What would be the best type of diet for this baby?

Dorothy suffered a serious stroke that destroyed neurons in the swallowing center of her brain.This damage to her brain would prevent ________.

Out of the estimated total of 9 liters of material passing through the small intestine,how much of it is absorbed in the small intestine?

The activities of cells in different layers of the tubular gastrointestinal tract are regulated by clusters of nerves located in the submucosa.These nerve complexes are called

If a person is diagnosed with lactose intolerance,which of the following is likely?

All of the following teeth are found in adult vertebrates except

In the human diet,there are no "essential" ________.

The rumen of the first stomach of ruminants serves as a fermentation chamber in which bacteria and protozoa degrade

Deficiencies of brush border enzymes in the small intestine would NOT affect the complete digestion of ________.

Which molecule is not able to be absorbed across the stomach wall?

What digestive hormone stimulates gall bladder contraction?

James has been having trouble digesting lean steaks and other protein-rich foods,and these foods seem to stay in his stomach longer than usual.James is likely lacking the enzyme ________.

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes, mapping, and the Meiosisinheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics,phylogenies,and Comparative Biology

Genome Evolution

The Origin and Diversity of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Diversity and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostomes

Deuterostomes

Plant Form

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Ecology of Individuals and Populations

Community Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Impacts

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