Question 1

What is the primary composition of organic compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon and oxygen atoms 
B)  oxygen and hydrogen atoms 
C)  oxygen and nitrogen atoms 
D)  carbon and hydrogen atoms 
E)  nitrogen and carbon atoms 
A)  carbon and oxygen atoms 
B)  oxygen and hydrogen atoms 
C)  oxygen and nitrogen atoms 
D)  carbon and hydrogen atoms 
E)  nitrogen and carbon atoms

Question 2

Figure 2-4 An Overview of the Structures of Organic Compounds in the Body
Use Figure 2-4 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled #8, which is a building block of proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acid 
B)  peptide 
C)  amino acid 
D)  monosaccharide 
E)  lauric acid 
A)  nucleic acid 
B)  peptide 
C)  amino acid 
D)  monosaccharide 
E)  lauric acid

Question 3

The difference between AMP, ADP, and ATP molecules is the

Accepted Answer

A)  type of monosaccharide sugar. 
B)  type of bond-whether ionic or covalent. 
C)  presence or absence of nitrogen. 
D)  structure of the molecule-primary, secondary, or tertiary structure. 
E)  number of phosphates in the molecule. 
A)  type of monosaccharide sugar. 
B)  type of bond-whether ionic or covalent. 
C)  presence or absence of nitrogen. 
D)  structure of the molecule-primary, secondary, or tertiary structure. 
E)  number of phosphates in the molecule.

Question 4

The group of organic compounds containing mostly carbon and hydrogen with small amounts of oxygen is defined as a

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate. 
B)  lipid. 
C)  protein. 
D)  nucleic acid. 
E)  fatty acid. 
A)  carbohydrate. 
B)  lipid. 
C)  protein. 
D)  nucleic acid. 
E)  fatty acid.

Question 5

If a polypeptide contains 9 peptide bonds, how many amino acids does it contain?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  5 
C)  12 
D)  11 
E)  10 
A)  0 
B)  5 
C)  12 
D)  11 
E)  10

Question 6

Both chemically- and structurally-speaking, which of these compounds does not belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates 
B)  lipids 
C)  proteins 
D)  salts 
E)  nucleic acids 
A)  carbohydrates 
B)  lipids 
C)  proteins 
D)  salts 
E)  nucleic acids

Question 7

Which of the following are defined as soluble inorganic compounds whose ions will conduct an electric current in solutions?

Accepted Answer

A)  catalysts 
B)  electrolytes 
C)  strong acids 
D)  buffers 
E)  steroid hormones 
A)  catalysts 
B)  electrolytes 
C)  strong acids 
D)  buffers 
E)  steroid hormones

Question 8

Enzymes

Accepted Answer

A)  are lipids. 
B)  function as biological catalysts. 
C)  raise the activation energy for a reaction. 
D)  are carbohydrates. 
E)  are derived from cholesterol. 
A)  are lipids. 
B)  function as biological catalysts. 
C)  raise the activation energy for a reaction. 
D)  are carbohydrates. 
E)  are derived from cholesterol.

Question 9

Choose the most accurate definition of chemical reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a process in which bonds between atoms are formed or broken. 
B)  It is the energy of motion. 
C)  It is an increase in random molecular motion. 
D)  It is movement or a change in the physical structure of matter. 
E)  It is the capacity to perform work. 
A)  It is a process in which bonds between atoms are formed or broken. 
B)  It is the energy of motion. 
C)  It is an increase in random molecular motion. 
D)  It is movement or a change in the physical structure of matter. 
E)  It is the capacity to perform work.

Question 10

________ are compounds that maintain the pH of solutions within given limits.

Accepted Answer

A)  Enzymes 
B)  Electrolytes 
C)  Metabolites 
D)  Isotopes 
E)  Buffers 
A)  Enzymes 
B)  Electrolytes 
C)  Metabolites 
D)  Isotopes 
E)  Buffers

Question 11

A solution containing more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions is

Accepted Answer

A)  acidic. 
B)  basic. 
C)  neutral. 
D)  alkaline. 
E)  organic. 
A)  acidic. 
B)  basic. 
C)  neutral. 
D)  alkaline. 
E)  organic.

Question 12

A(n) ________ bond is a covalent bond that stores an unusually large capacity to perform work.

Accepted Answer

A)  high-energy 
B)  polar covalent 
C)  ionic 
D)  electrically neutral 
E)  peptide 
A)  high-energy 
B)  polar covalent 
C)  ionic 
D)  electrically neutral 
E)  peptide

Question 13

The most acidic solution would have a pH of

Accepted Answer

A)  0. 
B)  7. 
C)  14. 
D)  4. 
E)  10. 
A)  0. 
B)  7. 
C)  14. 
D)  4. 
E)  10.

Question 14

Covalent bonds are formed when

Accepted Answer

A)  atoms share electrons. 
B)  cations and anions are held together by their opposite charges. 
C)  electrons are exchanged between atoms. 
D)  hydrogen forms bonds with negatively charged atoms in the same or different molecules. 
E)  two or more atoms lose electrons at the same time. 
A)  atoms share electrons. 
B)  cations and anions are held together by their opposite charges. 
C)  electrons are exchanged between atoms. 
D)  hydrogen forms bonds with negatively charged atoms in the same or different molecules. 
E)  two or more atoms lose electrons at the same time.

Question 15

A class of lipids used as chemical messengers, to signal cells to undergo changes, is called

Accepted Answer

A)  polysaccharides. 
B)  phospholipids. 
C)  triglycerides. 
D)  steroids. 
E)  monoglycerides. 
A)  polysaccharides. 
B)  phospholipids. 
C)  triglycerides. 
D)  steroids. 
E)  monoglycerides.

Question 16

The reaction NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O would be an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  exchange reaction. 
B)  decomposition reaction. 
C)  synthesis reaction. 
D)  enzyme reaction. 
E)  metabolic reaction. 
A)  exchange reaction. 
B)  decomposition reaction. 
C)  synthesis reaction. 
D)  enzyme reaction. 
E)  metabolic reaction.

Question 17

Chemical reactions that occur in the human body are catalyzed by special protein molecules called

Accepted Answer

A)  electrolytes. 
B)  enzymes. 
C)  metabolites. 
D)  steroids. 
E)  buffers. 
A)  electrolytes. 
B)  enzymes. 
C)  metabolites. 
D)  steroids. 
E)  buffers.

Question 18

An oxygen atom can have 8, 9, or 10 neutrons in its nucleus. This variation describes

Accepted Answer

A)  atomic number. 
B)  electric charge. 
C)  bonding characteristics. 
D)  isotopes. 
E)  proton therapy. 
A)  atomic number. 
B)  electric charge. 
C)  bonding characteristics. 
D)  isotopes. 
E)  proton therapy.

Question 19

Which of the following is a weak electrical attraction between molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  ionic bond 
B)  covalent bond 
C)  polar bond 
D)  metallic bond 
E)  hydrogen bond 
A)  ionic bond 
B)  covalent bond 
C)  polar bond 
D)  metallic bond 
E)  hydrogen bond

Question 20

Choose the correct pairing of macromolecule type to its function.

Accepted Answer

A)  lipid - manufactures proteins 
B)  DNA - controls reaction rates 
C)  carbohydrate - major source of energy 
D)  protein - comprises majority of membrane structure 
E)  RNA - determines our inherited characteristics 
A)  lipid - manufactures proteins 
B)  DNA - controls reaction rates 
C)  carbohydrate - major source of energy 
D)  protein - comprises majority of membrane structure 
E)  RNA - determines our inherited characteristics

What is the primary composition of organic compounds?

Figure 2-4 An Overview of the Structures of Organic Compounds in the Body Use Figure 2-4 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled #8, which is a building block of proteins.

The difference between AMP, ADP, and ATP molecules is the

The group of organic compounds containing mostly carbon and hydrogen with small amounts of oxygen is defined as a

If a polypeptide contains 9 peptide bonds, how many amino acids does it contain?

Both chemically- and structurally-speaking, which of these compounds does not belong?

Which of the following are defined as soluble inorganic compounds whose ions will conduct an electric current in solutions?

Enzymes

Choose the most accurate definition of chemical reaction.

________ are compounds that maintain the pH of solutions within given limits.

A solution containing more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions is

A(n) ________ bond is a covalent bond that stores an unusually large capacity to perform work.

The most acidic solution would have a pH of

Covalent bonds are formed when

A class of lipids used as chemical messengers, to signal cells to undergo changes, is called

The reaction NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O would be an example of a(n)

Chemical reactions that occur in the human body are catalyzed by special protein molecules called

An oxygen atom can have 8, 9, or 10 neutrons in its nucleus. This variation describes

Which of the following is a weak electrical attraction between molecules?

Choose the correct pairing of macromolecule type to its function.

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Cell Structure and Function

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

The Nervous System

The General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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Exam 2: The Chemical Level of Organization

What is the primary composition of organic compounds?

Figure 2-4 An Overview of the Structures of Organic Compounds in the Body Use Figure 2-4 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled #8, which is a building block of proteins.

The difference between AMP, ADP, and ATP molecules is the

The group of organic compounds containing mostly carbon and hydrogen with small amounts of oxygen is defined as a

If a polypeptide contains 9 peptide bonds, how many amino acids does it contain?

Both chemically- and structurally-speaking, which of these compounds does not belong?

Which of the following are defined as soluble inorganic compounds whose ions will conduct an electric current in solutions?

Enzymes

Choose the most accurate definition of chemical reaction.

________ are compounds that maintain the pH of solutions within given limits.

A solution containing more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions is

A(n) ________ bond is a covalent bond that stores an unusually large capacity to perform work.

The most acidic solution would have a pH of

Covalent bonds are formed when

A class of lipids used as chemical messengers, to signal cells to undergo changes, is called

The reaction NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O would be an example of a(n)

Chemical reactions that occur in the human body are catalyzed by special protein molecules called

An oxygen atom can have 8, 9, or 10 neutrons in its nucleus. This variation describes

Which of the following is a weak electrical attraction between molecules?

Choose the correct pairing of macromolecule type to its function.

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Cell Structure and Function

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

The Nervous System

The General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

The reaction NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O would be an example of a(n)