Exam 26: Antibacterials

The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving an intravenous antibiotic. The patient has a serum drug trough of 1.5 mcg/mL. The normal trough for this drug is 1.7 to 2.2 mcg/mL. What will the nurse expect the patient to experience?

A child who weighs 10 kg will begin taking oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). The liquid preparation contains 40 mg of TMP and 200 mg of SMX per 5 mL. The nurse determines that the child's dose should be 8 mg of TMP and 40 mg of SMX/kg/day divided into two doses. Which order for this child is correct?

The nurse is preparing to administer an antibiotic to a patient who has been receiving the antibiotic for 2 days after a culture was obtained. The nurse notes increased erythema and swelling, and the patient has a persistent high fever of 39° C. What is the nurse's next best action?

A patient taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) to treat a urinary tract infection complains of a sore throat. The nurse will contact the provider to request an order for which laboratory test(s)?

The nurse is preparing to give a dose of oral clindamycin (Cleocin) to a patient who is being treated for a skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The patient has had several doses of the medication and reports having nausea. Which action will the nurse take next?

The nurse assumes care for a patient who is currently receiving a dose of intravenous vancomycin (Vancocin) infusing at 20 mg/min. The nurse notes red blotches on the patient's face, neck, and chest and assesses a blood pressure of 80/55 mm Hg. Which action will the nurse take?

The nurse is preparing to begin a medication regimen for a patient who will receive intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin. Which is an important nursing action?

The nurse is preparing to give a dose of a cephalosporin medication to a patient who has been receiving the antibiotic for 2 weeks. The nurse notes ulcers on the patient's tongue and buccal mucosa. Which action will the nurse take?

The nurse is caring for a patient who will begin taking doxycycline to treat an infection. The nurse should plan to give this medication:

The nurse provides home-care instructions for a patient who will take a high dose of azithromycin after discharge from the hospital. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?

The nurse is caring for several patients who are receiving antibiotics. Which order will the nurse question?

The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). The nurse learns that the patient takes an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. To monitor for drug interactions, the nurse will request an order for which laboratory test(s)?

The nurse is preparing to administer the first dose of an antibiotic to a patient admitted for a urinary tract infection. Which action is most important prior to administering the antibiotic?

A patient is receiving high doses of cefazolin. Which laboratory values will this patient's nurse monitor closely?

A female patient who is allergic to penicillin will begin taking an antibiotic to treat a lower respiratory tract infection. The patient tells the nurse that she almost always develops a vaginal yeast infection when she takes antibiotics and that she will take fluconazole (Diflucan) with the antibiotic being prescribed. Which macrolide order would the nurse question for this patient?

The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home from the hospital to take amoxicillin (Amoxil) twice daily for 10 days. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

The nurse is preparing to administer the first dose of intravenous ceftriaxone (Rocephin) to a patient. When reviewing the patient's chart, the nurse notes that the patient previously experienced a rash when taking amoxicillin. What is the nurse's next action?

A patient who will begin taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP--SMX) asks the nurse why the combination drug is necessary. The nurse will explain that the combination is used to:

Which actions can contribute to bacterial resistance to antibiotics? (Select all that apply.)

Which is a characteristic that distinguishes sulfonamides from other drugs used to treat bacterial infection?