Question 1

Which statement by a patient who will begin using an insulin pump indicates understanding of this device?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I will have an increased risk for hypoglycemia." 
B)  "I will leave this on when bathing or swimming." 
C)  "I will not need to count carbohydrates anymore." 
D)  "I will still need to monitor serum glucose." 
A)  "I will have an increased risk for hypoglycemia." 
B)  "I will leave this on when bathing or swimming." 
C)  "I will not need to count carbohydrates anymore." 
D)  "I will still need to monitor serum glucose." D

Question 2

A patient who has type 1 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse about using a combination insulin product such as Humalog 70/30. The nurse will tell the patient that use of this product:

Accepted Answer

A)  depends on individual insulin needs. 
B)  is useful for patients with severe insulin resistance. 
C)  means less rotation of injection sites. 
D)  requires refrigeration at all times. 
A)  depends on individual insulin needs. 
B)  is useful for patients with severe insulin resistance. 
C)  means less rotation of injection sites. 
D)  requires refrigeration at all times. A

Question 3

A patient is ordered to receive insulin lispro at mealtimes. The nurse will instruct this patient to administer the medication at which time?

Accepted Answer

A)  10-15 min before eating 
B)  15 min after eating 
C)  30 min before eating 
D)  10 min after eating 
A)  10-15 min before eating 
B)  15 min after eating 
C)  30 min before eating 
D)  10 min after eating A

Question 4

The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about diabetes. The nurse explains that which type of diabetes is the most common?

Accepted Answer

A)  Type 1 diabetes mellitus 
B)  Type 2 diabetes mellitus 
C)  Diabetes insipidus 
D)  Secondary diabetes 
A)  Type 1 diabetes mellitus 
B)  Type 2 diabetes mellitus 
C)  Diabetes insipidus 
D)  Secondary diabetes

Question 5

A 45-year-old patient who is overweight has had a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes for 2 years. The patient uses 20 units of long-acting insulin per day. The patient's fasting blood glucose (FBG) is 190 mg/dL. The patient asks the nurse about using an oral antidiabetic agent. The nurse understands that oral antidiabetic agents:

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot be used if the patient is overweight. 
B)  cannot be used once a patient requires insulin. 
C)  may be used in patients with type 2 diabetes in combination with insulin. 
D)  may not be used since this patient's fasting blood glucose is too high. 
A)  cannot be used if the patient is overweight. 
B)  cannot be used once a patient requires insulin. 
C)  may be used in patients with type 2 diabetes in combination with insulin. 
D)  may not be used since this patient's fasting blood glucose is too high.

Question 6

A patient who is unconscious and has a pulse is brought to the emergency department. The patient is wearing a Medic-Alert bracelet indicating type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse will anticipate an order to administer:

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  insulin. 
D)  orange juice. 
A)  cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  insulin. 
D)  orange juice.

Question 7

A patient was administered regular insulin 30 minutes ago, but has not received a breakfast tray. The patient is experiencing nervousness and tremors. What is the nurse's first action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administer glucagon. 
B)  Give the patient orange juice. 
C)  Notify the kitchen to deliver the tray. 
D)  Perform bedside glucose testing. 
A)  Administer glucagon. 
B)  Give the patient orange juice. 
C)  Notify the kitchen to deliver the tray. 
D)  Perform bedside glucose testing.

Question 8

A patient who is overweight is being evaluated for diabetes. The patient has a blood glucose level of 160 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1c of 5.8%. The nurse understands that this patient has which condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diabetes mellitus 
B)  Hypoglycemia 
C)  Normal blood levels 
D)  Prediabetes 
A)  Diabetes mellitus 
B)  Hypoglycemia 
C)  Normal blood levels 
D)  Prediabetes

Question 9

The parent of a junior high school child who has type 1 diabetes asks the nurse if the child can participate in sports. The nurse will tell the parent:

Accepted Answer

A)  that strenuous exercise is not recommended for children with diabetes. 
B)  that the child must be monitored for hyperglycemia while exercising. 
C)  to administer an extra dose of regular insulin prior to exercise. 
D)  to send a snack with the child to eat just prior to exercise. 
A)  that strenuous exercise is not recommended for children with diabetes. 
B)  that the child must be monitored for hyperglycemia while exercising. 
C)  to administer an extra dose of regular insulin prior to exercise. 
D)  to send a snack with the child to eat just prior to exercise.

Question 10

The patient asks the nurse about storing insulin. Which response by the nurse is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  "All insulin vials must be refrigerated before and during use." 
B)  "Insulin will last longer if kept in the freezer." 
C)  "Opened vials of insulin must be discarded after first use." 
D)  "Some insulin products do not require refrigeration during use." 
A)  "All insulin vials must be refrigerated before and during use." 
B)  "Insulin will last longer if kept in the freezer." 
C)  "Opened vials of insulin must be discarded after first use." 
D)  "Some insulin products do not require refrigeration during use."

Question 11

A patient who has type 1 diabetes mellitus must take a glucocorticoid medication for osteoarthritis. When teaching this patient, the nurse will explain that there may be a need to:

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease the glucocorticoid dose. 
B)  decrease the insulin dose. 
C)  increase the glucocorticoid dose. 
D)  increase the insulin dose. 
A)  decrease the glucocorticoid dose. 
B)  decrease the insulin dose. 
C)  increase the glucocorticoid dose. 
D)  increase the insulin dose.

Question 12

The nurse is teaching a patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus about insulin administration. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I should rotate my injection sites." 
B)  "I should give each injection a knuckle length away from a previous injection." 
C)  "I will not be concerned about a raised knot under my skin from injecting insulin." 
D)  "Insulin is absorbed better from subcutaneous sites on my abdomen." 
A)  "I should rotate my injection sites." 
B)  "I should give each injection a knuckle length away from a previous injection." 
C)  "I will not be concerned about a raised knot under my skin from injecting insulin." 
D)  "Insulin is absorbed better from subcutaneous sites on my abdomen."

Question 13

The nurse will administer parenteral insulin to a patient who will receive a mixture of NPH (Humulin NPH) and regular (Humulin R). The nurse will give this medication via which route?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intradermal 
B)  Intramuscular 
C)  Intravenous 
D)  Subcutaneous 
A)  Intradermal 
B)  Intramuscular 
C)  Intravenous 
D)  Subcutaneous

Question 14

The nurse receives the following order for insulin: IV NPH (Humulin NPH) 10 units. The nurse will perform which action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administer the dose as ordered. 
B)  Clarify the insulin type and route. 
C)  Give the drug subcutaneously. 
D)  Question the insulin dose. 
A)  Administer the dose as ordered. 
B)  Clarify the insulin type and route. 
C)  Give the drug subcutaneously. 
D)  Question the insulin dose.

Question 15

A patient develops type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse will explain that this type of diabetes:

Accepted Answer

A)  is generally triggered by medications. 
B)  is not as common as type 1 diabetes. 
C)  is often related to heredity and obesity. 
D)  will not require insulin therapy. 
A)  is generally triggered by medications. 
B)  is not as common as type 1 diabetes. 
C)  is often related to heredity and obesity. 
D)  will not require insulin therapy.

Question 16

The nurse is teaching a patient how to administer insulin. The patient is thin with very little body fat. The nurse will suggest injecting insulin:

Accepted Answer

A)  by pinching up the skin and injecting straight down. 
B)  in the abdomen only with the needle at a 90-degree angle. 
C)  subcutaneously with the needle at a 45- to 60-degree angle. 
D)  using the thigh and buttocks areas exclusively. 
A)  by pinching up the skin and injecting straight down. 
B)  in the abdomen only with the needle at a 90-degree angle. 
C)  subcutaneously with the needle at a 45- to 60-degree angle. 
D)  using the thigh and buttocks areas exclusively.

Question 17

A patient reports that they are taking a rapid-acting insulin with meals, but can't remember the name. Which of the following products is a rapid-acing insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regular insulin (Novolin R) 
B)  Insulin glargine (Lantus) 
C)  Insulin lispro (Humalog) 
D)  Insulin degludec (Tresiba) 
A)  Regular insulin (Novolin R) 
B)  Insulin glargine (Lantus) 
C)  Insulin lispro (Humalog) 
D)  Insulin degludec (Tresiba)

Question 18

A patient who has type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse why the provider has changed the oral antidiabetic agent from tolbutamide (Orinase) to glipizide (Glucotrol). The nurse will explain that glipizide

Accepted Answer

A)  has a longer duration of action. 
B)  has fewer gastrointestinal side effects. 
C)  may be taken on an as-needed basis. 
D)  does not cause hypoglycemia. 
A)  has a longer duration of action. 
B)  has fewer gastrointestinal side effects. 
C)  may be taken on an as-needed basis. 
D)  does not cause hypoglycemia.

Exam 47: Antidiabetics

Which statement by a patient who will begin using an insulin pump indicates understanding of this device?

A patient who has type 1 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse about using a combination insulin product such as Humalog 70/30. The nurse will tell the patient that use of this product:

A patient is ordered to receive insulin lispro at mealtimes. The nurse will instruct this patient to administer the medication at which time?

The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about diabetes. The nurse explains that which type of diabetes is the most common?

A patient who is unconscious and has a pulse is brought to the emergency department. The patient is wearing a Medic-Alert bracelet indicating type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse will anticipate an order to administer:

A patient was administered regular insulin 30 minutes ago, but has not received a breakfast tray. The patient is experiencing nervousness and tremors. What is the nurse's first action?

A patient who is overweight is being evaluated for diabetes. The patient has a blood glucose level of 160 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1c of 5.8%. The nurse understands that this patient has which condition?

The parent of a junior high school child who has type 1 diabetes asks the nurse if the child can participate in sports. The nurse will tell the parent:

The patient asks the nurse about storing insulin. Which response by the nurse is correct?

A patient who has type 1 diabetes mellitus must take a glucocorticoid medication for osteoarthritis. When teaching this patient, the nurse will explain that there may be a need to:

The nurse is teaching a patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus about insulin administration. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

The nurse will administer parenteral insulin to a patient who will receive a mixture of NPH (Humulin NPH) and regular (Humulin R). The nurse will give this medication via which route?

The nurse receives the following order for insulin: IV NPH (Humulin NPH) 10 units. The nurse will perform which action?

A patient develops type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse will explain that this type of diabetes:

The nurse is teaching a patient how to administer insulin. The patient is thin with very little body fat. The nurse will suggest injecting insulin:

A patient reports that they are taking a rapid-acting insulin with meals, but can't remember the name. Which of the following products is a rapid-acing insulin?

A patient who has type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse why the provider has changed the oral antidiabetic agent from tolbutamide (Orinase) to glipizide (Glucotrol). The nurse will explain that glipizide

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A patient who is overweight is being evaluated for diabetes. The patient has a blood glucose level of 160 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A_1c of 5.8%. The nurse understands that this patient has which condition?