Exam 3: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Pharmacogenetics

The nurse prepares to change a patient's medication from an IV to an oral form and notes that the oral form is ordered in a higher dose. The nurse understands that this is due to differences in:

The nurse is caring for a patient who receives theophylline, which has a narrow therapeutic index. The patient has been receiving cimetidine but will stop taking that drug in 2 days. In 2 days, the nurse will observe the patient closely for:

The nurse is teaching a patient about taking a once-daily medication that has a side effect of drowsiness. The nurse learns that the patient works a 7:00 PM to 7:00 AM shift in a hospital. The nurse will recommend that the patient take this medication at which time of day?

The nurse is reviewing medication information with a nursing student prior to administering an oral drug and notes that the drug has extensive first-pass effects. Which statement by the student indicates an understanding of the first-ass effect?

The nurse administers albuterol to a patient who has asthma. The albuterol acts by stimulating beta₂-adrenergic receptors to cause bronchodilation. The nurse understands that albuterol is a beta-adrenergic:

The nurse is preparing to administer a drug that is eliminated through the kidneys. The nurse reviews the patient's chart and notes that the patient has increased serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The nurse will perform which action?

A patient has been taking a drug that is 75% protein-Bound. The provider adds a new medication that is 90% protein-bound. The nurse will expect a potential:

The nurse is preparing to teach a patient who will begin taking a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. What is most important when teaching patients about MAO inhibitors?

The nurse is preparing an injectable drug and wants to administer it for the most rapid absorption as possible. How will the nurse give this medication?

The nurse is administering two drugs to a patient and learns that both drugs are highly protein-bound. The nurse may expect

The nurse is caring for a patient who has taken an overdose of aspirin several hours prior. The provider orders sodium bicarbonate to be given. The nurse understands that this drug is given for which purpose?

The nurse is preparing to administer the first dose of digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient and notes that the initial dose ordered is much higher than the ordered maintenance dose. Which of the following describes why the first dose is higher?

The nurse administers a centrally acting analgesic to a patient who has been receiving it for 1 day after orthopedic surgery with successful pain relief. The patient reports no change in pain 30 minutes after the medication is given. The nurse recognizes that this patient is likely exhibiting:

The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home with a prescription for an enteric-coated tablet. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?

A patient is taking phenytoin to prevent seizures. The nurse knows that phenytoin is highly protein-bound and has sedating effects. The nurse reviews the patient's chart and notes a low serum albumin. The nurse will notify the provider and observe the patient for which effects?

The nurse understands that the length of time needed for a drug to reach the minimum effective concentration (MEC) is the

A patient calls the clinic and tells the nurse that a newly prescribed medication isn't working. What is the nurse's next action?

A young adult female patient who takes a combination oral contraceptive (OCP) will begin taking an antibiotic. When teaching the patient about this medication, the nurse will while taking the antibiotic:

A patient has been taking warfarin (Coumadin), which is highly protein-bound. The patient will begin taking gemfibrozil, which is also highly protein-bound. The nurse will observe the patient closely for:

The nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication and wants to ensure a rapid drug action. Which form of the medication will the nurse prefer to administer?