Question 1

It has been said that living near a Hawaiian volcano puts buildings in danger but not humans. Why is that the case?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hawaiian volcanoes are not explosive, and the lavas flow at a slow enough speed for humans to get out of the way. 
B)  Hawaiian volcanoes are all dormant, so there is no danger of an eruption. 
C)  Hawaiian volcanoes are hot enough to damage buildings, but not hot enough to affect a human. 
D)  While there are some buildings built near volcanoes, no humans live anywhere close to a Hawaiian volcano. 
A)  Hawaiian volcanoes are not explosive, and the lavas flow at a slow enough speed for humans to get out of the way. 
B)  Hawaiian volcanoes are all dormant, so there is no danger of an eruption. 
C)  Hawaiian volcanoes are hot enough to damage buildings, but not hot enough to affect a human. 
D)  While there are some buildings built near volcanoes, no humans live anywhere close to a Hawaiian volcano.

Question 2

A geologist is working in an area of old volcanic rocks exposed by erosion. He finds a large rock outcrop that contains flatlying gravels in the base of the outcrop. These gravels are overlain by basalt that forms a series of layers representing flows. The uppermost basalt lava flows have a dip of about 10 degrees to the west. What does this outcrop record?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gravels were initially deposited in a river valley and a cinder cone was erupted, damming the valley, before a cinder cone formed. 
B)  Basalt flows formed above a series of gravels, filling a river valley. 
C)  Basalt flows formed after gravels were deposited, covered the local terrain, and built a shield volcano with dips of about 10 degrees. 
D)  You can't tell anything about the history of this region from this outcrop. 
A)  Gravels were initially deposited in a river valley and a cinder cone was erupted, damming the valley, before a cinder cone formed. 
B)  Basalt flows formed above a series of gravels, filling a river valley. 
C)  Basalt flows formed after gravels were deposited, covered the local terrain, and built a shield volcano with dips of about 10 degrees. 
D)  You can't tell anything about the history of this region from this outcrop.

Question 3

Shield volcanoes have extensive deposits of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  pillow basalts 
B)  lava flows 
C)  ash 
D)  pyroclastic rocks 
A)  pillow basalts 
B)  lava flows 
C)  ash 
D)  pyroclastic rocks

Question 4

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.

Accepted Answer

A)  batholith 
B)  dike 
C)  sill 
D)  caldera 
A)  batholith 
B)  dike 
C)  sill 
D)  caldera

Question 5

Magmas are the product of melting in the deep part of the earth that forms a layer of partially molten material called the_______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  crust 
B)  lithosphere 
C)  core 
D)  asthenosphere 
A)  crust 
B)  lithosphere 
C)  core 
D)  asthenosphere

Question 6

Explain the similarities and differences between the melting taking place at the mid- ocean ridge and at the zone.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but correct answers fo

Question 7

Mt. St. Helens in the U. S. and Mt. Fujiyama in Japan are examples of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  calderas 
B)  shield volcanoes 
C)  cinder cones 
D)  composite volcanoes 
A)  calderas 
B)  shield volcanoes 
C)  cinder cones 
D)  composite volcanoes

Question 8

Which magma type has the lowest viscosity?

Accepted Answer

A)  rhyolite 
B)  basalt 
C)  dacite 
D)  andesite 
A)  rhyolite 
B)  basalt 
C)  dacite 
D)  andesite

Question 9

Compare and contrast the volcanoes of Alaska with the volcanoes of the Hawaiian islands.

Accepted Answer

Students should indicate that while both

Question 10

The greatest danger from pyroclastic flows is _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  being smothered by hot gases and ash 
B)  being incinerated by the hot gas and entrained magma 
C)  being buried in ash 
D)  not significant because they move so slowly they can be avoided 
A)  being smothered by hot gases and ash 
B)  being incinerated by the hot gas and entrained magma 
C)  being buried in ash 
D)  not significant because they move so slowly they can be avoided

Question 11

The streamlined ropy flowing lava pictured here has both orange and black parts because .

Accepted Answer

A)  the black part is aa, while the orange is pahoehoe 
B)  the top of the lava flow cools slower than the middle of the lava flow 
C)  orange represents the cooler parts, which are below the surface 
D)  the surface cools faster than the lava below, and is black in appearance 
A)  the black part is aa, while the orange is pahoehoe 
B)  the top of the lava flow cools slower than the middle of the lava flow 
C)  orange represents the cooler parts, which are below the surface 
D)  the surface cools faster than the lava below, and is black in appearance

Question 12

Which one of the following statements concerning volcanic blocks and bombs is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Orange represents the cooler parts, which are below the surface. 
B)  The black part is aa, while the orange is pahoehoe. 
C)  The surface cools faster than the lava below, and is black in appearance. 
D)  The top of the lava flow cools slower than the middle of the lava flow. 
A)  Orange represents the cooler parts, which are below the surface. 
B)  The black part is aa, while the orange is pahoehoe. 
C)  The surface cools faster than the lava below, and is black in appearance. 
D)  The top of the lava flow cools slower than the middle of the lava flow.

Question 13

The most dangerous of the volcano types is the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  fissure eruption 
B)  stratovolcano 
C)  cinder cone 
D)  shield volcano 
A)  fissure eruption 
B)  stratovolcano 
C)  cinder cone 
D)  shield volcano

Question 14

Which of the following is a tabular intrusive body with subparallel intrusive contacts?

Accepted Answer

A)  dike 
B)  columnar joints 
C)  laccolith 
D)  stock 
A)  dike 
B)  columnar joints 
C)  laccolith 
D)  stock

Question 15

The image shows the nature of melting at the Mid- Ocean Ridge. The image indicates that melting is_______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  only within the water 
B)  only away from the Mid- Ocean Ridge 
C)  localized below the Mid- Ocean Ridge 
D)  widespread throughout the mantle 
A)  only within the water 
B)  only away from the Mid- Ocean Ridge 
C)  localized below the Mid- Ocean Ridge 
D)  widespread throughout the mantle

Question 16

Mount Pelée on the island of Martinique killed thousands of people in_______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  an ash fall that smothered the people living there 
B)  a caldera collapse 
C)  a pyroclastic flow, also called a nuee ardante Nuée Ardante 
D)  a cinder cone eruption 
A)  an ash fall that smothered the people living there 
B)  a caldera collapse 
C)  a pyroclastic flow, also called a nuee ardante Nuée Ardante 
D)  a cinder cone eruption

Question 17

Most granitic batholiths are generated_______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  along hot spot chains beneath continents, like a welder cutting through the continent to make a linear belt of intrusive granites 
B)  along transform faults, which accounts for their linear geographic distribution 
C)  where spreading ridges occur beneath continents 
D)  as intrusions beneath composite volcanoes along convergent plate margins 
A)  along hot spot chains beneath continents, like a welder cutting through the continent to make a linear belt of intrusive granites 
B)  along transform faults, which accounts for their linear geographic distribution 
C)  where spreading ridges occur beneath continents 
D)  as intrusions beneath composite volcanoes along convergent plate margins

Question 18

Mt. Rainier in Washington State is often thought to be the most hazardous volcano in the lower 48 states of the United States because_______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  the bodies indicate how rapidly the pyroclastic flows came, and this could be an indication of what could happen in the future 
B)  the reason that the people did not survive was because they were lying down on the ground, so this can teach future residents to stand up when a pyroclastic flow comes 
C)  there may be written records buried with the bodies that could be of use 
D)  volcanoes never happen again in the same location, so it is an indicator that this area is now safe 
A)  the bodies indicate how rapidly the pyroclastic flows came, and this could be an indication of what could happen in the future 
B)  the reason that the people did not survive was because they were lying down on the ground, so this can teach future residents to stand up when a pyroclastic flow comes 
C)  there may be written records buried with the bodies that could be of use 
D)  volcanoes never happen again in the same location, so it is an indicator that this area is now safe

Question 19

_______magma is the most abundant type of magma erupted on Earth.

Accepted Answer

A)  Granitic 
B)  Pegmatitic 
C)  Andesitic 
D)  Basaltic 
A)  Granitic 
B)  Pegmatitic 
C)  Andesitic 
D)  Basaltic

Question 20

Eruption columns, such as the one pictured above, are unstable and often collapse towards the Ground because_______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  they consist mostly of gases, which can cool and descend 
B)  they are mostly large pyroclastics and these cannot be supported by rising air 
C)  they are propelled by the eruption, as in the case of Pompeii 
D)  they are mostly liquid lava flows being lifted by updrafts 
A)  they consist mostly of gases, which can cool and descend 
B)  they are mostly large pyroclastics and these cannot be supported by rising air 
C)  they are propelled by the eruption, as in the case of Pompeii 
D)  they are mostly liquid lava flows being lifted by updrafts

Exam 6: Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity

It has been said that living near a Hawaiian volcano puts buildings in danger but not humans. Why is that the case?

Shield volcanoes have extensive deposits of _______.

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.

Magmas are the product of melting in the deep part of the earth that forms a layer of partially molten material called the_______ .

Explain the similarities and differences between the melting taking place at the mid- ocean ridge and at the zone.

Mt. St. Helens in the U. S. and Mt. Fujiyama in Japan are examples of _______.

Which magma type has the lowest viscosity?

Compare and contrast the volcanoes of Alaska with the volcanoes of the Hawaiian islands.

The greatest danger from pyroclastic flows is _______ .

The streamlined ropy flowing lava pictured here has both orange and black parts because .

Which one of the following statements concerning volcanic blocks and bombs is true?

The most dangerous of the volcano types is the _______.

Which of the following is a tabular intrusive body with subparallel intrusive contacts?

The image shows the nature of melting at the Mid- Ocean Ridge. The image indicates that melting is_______ .

Mount Pelée on the island of Martinique killed thousands of people in_______ .

Most granitic batholiths are generated_______ .

Mt. Rainier in Washington State is often thought to be the most hazardous volcano in the lower 48 states of the United States because_______ .

_______magma is the most abundant type of magma erupted on Earth.

Eruption columns, such as the one pictured above, are unstable and often collapse towards the Ground because_______ .

Introduction to Earth Science

Matter and Minerals

Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth

Plate Tectonics: a Scientific Revolution Unfolds

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Weathering, Soil, and Mass Movement

Running Water and Groundwater

Glaciers, Deserts, and Wind

Geologic Time

Earths Evolution Through Geologic Time

The Ocean Floor

Ocean Water and Ocean Life

The Dynamic Ocean

The Atmosphere: Composition, Structure, and Temperature

Moisture, Clouds, and Precipitation

Air Pressure and Wind

Weather Patterns and Severe Storms

World Climates and Global Climate Change

Origins of Modern Astronomy

Touring Our Solar System

Light, Telescopes, and the Sun

Beyond Our Solar System

Filters