Exam 4: Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

Lixue and Hayk are in an unhappy marriage. When Hayk brings home flowers, Lixue thinks "There must have been a sale at the grocery store" or "I suppose those are leftover from some party at work." Her attribution reflects the attribution of a ________ behavior to an ________ cause.

Manaka is from Japan, and just won a gold medal at the Olympics. When interviewed about what she thinks contributed to her success, she is most likely to answer

Chapter 1 of the textbook introduced the idea that people often behave and think in ways to protect their self-esteem. Which of the following will help do that?

Western (United States) is to ________ as Eastern is to ________. All of the following pairs complete this analogy accurately except:

The authors of your text present a study by Masuda and his colleagues (2008) that examined cultural differences in social perception. They compared how participants perceived a central character when the surrounding characters in a picture either matched or mismatched the central character's facial expression. When the central and peripheral characters' expressions do not match, Japanese participants were most likely to

When people make the fundamental attribution error, they tend to

The tendency to assume that human behavior is caused by the kind of person who enacts it was labeled as the "fundamental attribution error" because it is

Researchers have found that couples who are happy in their marriages make very different attributions for their partners' behaviors than couples who are unhappy. Specifically, couples in happy marriages make ________, while couples in unhappy marriages make ________.

The authors of your text report a story of a homeless man who spent his only quarter to find out why a couple (whose love letters he'd read) had broken up. This story demonstrates

According to research presented in this chapter, there are two steps involved in the attribution process. When Emma makes an attributional error, it's because she neglects to

Harry is an American, and he just missed the lyrics in a karaoke contest at his local bar. Which of the following is he least likely to express?

Making attributions about others' behaviors is a multi-step process. How many steps are involved? What attribution do people tend to initially make, and when would individuals proceed past the initial step?

Recall that even when participants in an experiment conducted by Jones and Harris (1967) were told that people were assigned to write an essay sympathetic to Cuban dictator Fidel Castro, they still were willing to assume that the essay reflected the writer's true "pro-Castro" attitudes. In this experiment, how could people have avoided the fundamental attribution error? They could have assumed

Results from cross-cultural studies of impression formation indicate that

According to research by Markus and colleagues (2006), American Olympic gold medal winners are more likely to attribute their win to ________ than Japanese gold medal winners.

In a study by Hedden and his colleagues (2008) examining brain activity, East Asians and European Americans underwent an fMRI while focusing on either a target or the context of a picture. When asked to focus on the context of a picture, European Americans' ________ regions of the brain were more active.

Judy forms a circle with her thumb and forefinger to communicate to her sister that everything is okay. Although in America this is a common gesture, it may be interpreted differently elsewhere in the world. What kind of gesture is this?

Even if an observer has information about an actor's situation available, why might the observer still be likely to commit the fundamental attribution error?

Emre has a baby face. Noam just met him. What is Noam likely to think about Emre?

Ekman and his colleagues have identified ________ universal facial expressions in their research.