Exam 9: Recombinant Dna Technology

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A DNA sequence that may be present as only a single copy in a large mammalian genome can be amplified and cloned using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Describe the steps and reaction components required in a PCR experiment.Illustrate the steps in just one round.

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DNA with the desired sequence is heated to convert it to single strands and cooled in the presence of an excess of oligonucleotide primers that flank the sequence to be amplified.A heat-stable DNA polymerase extends the primers,replicating the desired sequence.

Explain how each of the following is used in cloning in a plasmid: (a)antibiotic-resistance genes (b)origin of replication (c)polylinker region.

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(a)Antibiotic resistance allows a researcher to select for a bacterial cell clone that carries the plasmid;loss of an antibiotic marker in a strain known to contain the plasmid can be used to infer the presence of a cloned DNA segment that interrupts the antibiotic resistance gene.
(b)An origin of replication assures that the plasmid will replicate autonomously in the bacterium.
(c)Polylinkers have cut sites for a variety of restriction enzymes,allowing insertion of DNA fragments produced with any of them.

Name one enzyme that is always used to make a cDNA library but is generally not used to make a genomic DNA library.Describe its function briefly.

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Reverse transcriptase is used to make first a single-stranded DNA complementary to mRNA,then a double-stranded DNA.

Which of the following statements regarding plasmid-cloning vectors is correct?

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The size of the DNA region specifically recognized by type II restriction enzymes is typically:

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The technique known as two hybrid analysis for detecting interacting gene products depend on:

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Which of the following statements about the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)is false?

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Current estimates indicate that ________ % of the human genome is translated into protein.

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Which of the following tags is not used to study protein function?

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Match each feature of the plasmid pBR322 (at left)with one appropriate description presented (at right)(see illustration of pBR322 below).Descriptions may be used more than once. Match each feature of the plasmid pBR322 (at left)with one appropriate description presented (at right)(see illustration of pBR322 below).Descriptions may be used more than once.
ori sequence
Insertion of foreign DNA here permits identification of bacteria containing recombinant plasmids .
BamHI sequence
Origin of replication.
tetR
A sequence required for packaging recombinant plasmids into bacteriophage.
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ori sequence
Insertion of foreign DNA here permits identification of bacteria containing recombinant plasmids .
BamHI sequence
Origin of replication.
tetR
A sequence required for packaging recombinant plasmids into bacteriophage.
PstI sequence
Permits selection of bacteria containing the plasmid.
ampR sequence
Cleavage of the plasmid here does not affect antibiotic sequence resistance genes.
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Which of the following methods is not used in linkage analysis?

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Name two different methods by which protein-protein interactions can be discovered and probed.

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Common features found in a cloning plasmid used for protein expression include all except which of the following?

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What is(are)the distinguishing feature(s)of a shuttle vector?

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Briefly explain the procedure used in next-generation pyrosequencing.

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The E.coli recombinant plasmid pBR322 has been widely utilized in genetic engineering experiments.pBR322 has all of the following features except:

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Current estimates indicate that humans have about ________ genes.

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What sequences are required in an expression vector (for use with E.coli)that are not essential in a cloning plasmid?

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Certain restriction enzymes produce cohesive (sticky)ends.This means that they:

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The biological role of restriction enzymes is to:

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