Question 1

Describe the differences between the glycosphingolipids corresponding to the A,B,and O human blood group antigens.

Accepted Answer

The type O structure is found in all three glycosphingolipids.In both type A and type B,there is an added sugar;this sugar differs between type A and B.

Question 2

What do all these compounds have in common: vitamin A,vitamin K,ubiquinone,and dolichol?

Accepted Answer

They are all lipids with potent biological activities derived from isoprenoid precursors.

Question 3

Which of the following is true of sphingolipids?

Accepted Answer

A) Cerebrosides and gangliosides are sphingolipids. 
B) Phosphatidylcholine is a typical sphingolipid. 
C) They always contain glycerol and fatty acids. 
D) They contain two esterified fatty acids. 
E) They may be charged,but are never amphipathic. 
A) Cerebrosides and gangliosides are sphingolipids. 
B) Phosphatidylcholine is a typical sphingolipid. 
C) They always contain glycerol and fatty acids. 
D) They contain two esterified fatty acids. 
E) They may be charged,but are never amphipathic. A

Question 4

Match between columns
                        Premises: important component of myelin membranes
mediates pain and inflammation
necessary for sight
intra-tissue messengers
blood clotting
reducing agent

Accepted Answer

The Answer of thromboxanes and vitamin A and sphingolipids and is...

Question 5

A compound containing N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid)is:

Accepted Answer

A) cardiolipin. 
B) ganglioside GM2. 
C) phosphatidylcholine. 
D) platelet-activating factor. 
E) sphingomyelin. 
A) cardiolipin. 
B) ganglioside GM2. 
C) phosphatidylcholine. 
D) platelet-activating factor. 
E) sphingomyelin.

Question 6

Identify the molecule(s)derived from sterols.

Accepted Answer

A) Arachidonic acid 
B) Gangliosides 
C) Phosphatidylglycerol 
D) Prostaglandins 
E) Cortisol 
A) Arachidonic acid 
B) Gangliosides 
C) Phosphatidylglycerol 
D) Prostaglandins 
E) Cortisol

Question 7

Explain the cause of hereditary diseases of sphingolipid metabolism,such as Tay-Sachs and Niemann-Pick diseases.

Accepted Answer

These diseases are the result of mutatio

Question 8

Which of the following statements concerning fatty acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) A fatty acid is the precursor of prostaglandins. 
B) Phosphatidic acid is a common fatty acid. 
C) Fatty acids all contain one or more double bonds. 
D) Fatty acids are a constituent of sterols. 
E) Fatty acids are strongly hydrophilic. 
A) A fatty acid is the precursor of prostaglandins. 
B) Phosphatidic acid is a common fatty acid. 
C) Fatty acids all contain one or more double bonds. 
D) Fatty acids are a constituent of sterols. 
E) Fatty acids are strongly hydrophilic.

Question 9

Which of the following answers is not true?

Accepted Answer

A) Phospholipase A1 hydrolyzes the fatty acid from the 1-position on the glycerol backbone. 
B) Phospholipase B1 hydrolyzes the fatty acid from the 2-position on the glycerol backbone. 
C) Phospholipase C hydrolyzes the complete phospho-head group from the glycerol backbone. 
D) Phospholipase D hydrolyzes just the head group from the phospho-glycerol backbone. 
A) Phospholipase A1 hydrolyzes the fatty acid from the 1-position on the glycerol backbone. 
B) Phospholipase B1 hydrolyzes the fatty acid from the 2-position on the glycerol backbone. 
C) Phospholipase C hydrolyzes the complete phospho-head group from the glycerol backbone. 
D) Phospholipase D hydrolyzes just the head group from the phospho-glycerol backbone.

Question 10

If beeswax,cholesterol,and phosphatidylglycerol were dissolved in chloroform,then subjected to thin-layer chromatography on silica gel using a mixture of chloroform/methanol/water as the developing solvent,which would move fastest?

Accepted Answer

In this chromatography, the least polar

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the cholesterol molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) Amphipathic 
B) Nonpolar,charged 
C) Nonpolar,uncharged 
D) Polar,charged 
E) Polar,uncharged 
A) Amphipathic 
B) Nonpolar,charged 
C) Nonpolar,uncharged 
D) Polar,charged 
E) Polar,uncharged

Question 12

What is the most significant chemical difference between triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids that leads to their different functions?

Accepted Answer

Triacylglycerols are nonpolar hydrophobi

Question 13

Which of the following statements about membrane lipids is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Glycerophospholipids are found only in the membranes of plant cells. 
B) Glycerophospholipids contain fatty acids linked to glycerol through amide bonds. 
C) Lecithin (phosphatidylcholine),which is used as an emulsifier in margarine and chocolate,is a sphingolipid. 
D) Some sphingolipids include oligosaccharides in their structure. 
E) Triacylglycerols are the principal components of erythrocyte membranes. 
A) Glycerophospholipids are found only in the membranes of plant cells. 
B) Glycerophospholipids contain fatty acids linked to glycerol through amide bonds. 
C) Lecithin (phosphatidylcholine),which is used as an emulsifier in margarine and chocolate,is a sphingolipid. 
D) Some sphingolipids include oligosaccharides in their structure. 
E) Triacylglycerols are the principal components of erythrocyte membranes.

Question 14

Tay-Sachs disease is the result of a genetic defect in the metabolism of:

Accepted Answer

A) gangliosides. 
B) phosphatidyl ethanolamine. 
C) sterols. 
D) triacylglycerols. 
E) vitamin D. 
A) gangliosides. 
B) phosphatidyl ethanolamine. 
C) sterols. 
D) triacylglycerols. 
E) vitamin D.

Question 15

What is the effect of a double bond on fatty acid structure?

Accepted Answer

Most double bonds in fatty aci

Question 16

Which of the following is not true of sterols?

Accepted Answer

A) Cholesterol is a sterol that is commonly found in mammals. 
B) Sterols are commonly found in bacterial membranes. 
C) Sterols are more common in plasma membranes than in intracellular membranes (mitochondria,lysosomes,etc. ). 
D) Serols are precursors of steroid hormones. 
E) Sterols have a structure that includes four fused rings. 
A) Cholesterol is a sterol that is commonly found in mammals. 
B) Sterols are commonly found in bacterial membranes. 
C) Sterols are more common in plasma membranes than in intracellular membranes (mitochondria,lysosomes,etc. ). 
D) Serols are precursors of steroid hormones. 
E) Sterols have a structure that includes four fused rings.

Question 17

Which vitamin is derived from cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B12  
C) D 
D) E 
E) K 
A) A 
B) B12  
C) D 
D) E 
E) K

Question 18

Draw the structure of phosphatidylserine in the ionic form it would have at pH 7.

Accepted Answer

For this structure, see Fig. 1

Question 19

What are the chemical components of a biological wax,and what is their general structure?

Accepted Answer

A wax consists of a long-chain

Question 20

Match between columns
                        Premises: blood clotting
CaS1U1P12S1S1P0+ and phosphate metabolism
vision
prevention of oxidative damage

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Vitamin D and Vitamin K and Vitamin is...

Exam 10: Lipids

Describe the differences between the glycosphingolipids corresponding to the A,B,and O human blood group antigens.

What do all these compounds have in common: vitamin A,vitamin K,ubiquinone,and dolichol?

Which of the following is true of sphingolipids?

A compound containing N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid)is:

Identify the molecule(s)derived from sterols.

Explain the cause of hereditary diseases of sphingolipid metabolism,such as Tay-Sachs and Niemann-Pick diseases.

Which of the following statements concerning fatty acids is correct?

Which of the following answers is not true?

If beeswax,cholesterol,and phosphatidylglycerol were dissolved in chloroform,then subjected to thin-layer chromatography on silica gel using a mixture of chloroform/methanol/water as the developing solvent,which would move fastest?

Which of the following best describes the cholesterol molecule?

What is the most significant chemical difference between triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids that leads to their different functions?

Which of the following statements about membrane lipids is true?

Tay-Sachs disease is the result of a genetic defect in the metabolism of:

What is the effect of a double bond on fatty acid structure?

Which of the following is not true of sterols?

Which vitamin is derived from cholesterol?

Draw the structure of phosphatidylserine in the ionic form it would have at pH 7.

What are the chemical components of a biological wax,and what is their general structure?

The Foundations of Biochemistry

Water

Amino Acids, peptides, and Proteins

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function

Enzymes

Carbohydrates and Glycobiology

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Recombinant Dna Technology

Biological Membranes and Transport

Biosignaling

Principles of Bioenergetics

Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Principles of Metabolic Regulation

The Citric Acid Cycle

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea

Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation

Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Plants and Bacteria

Lipid Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, nucleotides, and Related Molecules

Integration and Hormonal Regulation of Mammalian Metabolism

Genes and Chromosomes

Dna Metabolism

Rna Metabolism

Protein Metabolism

Regulation of Gene Expression

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