Question 1

What chemical features distinguish a plasmalogen from a common glycerophospholipid?

Accepted Answer

(1)The long-chain acyl group attached to

Question 2

Fatty acids are a component of:

Accepted Answer

A) carotenes. 
B) cerebrosides. 
C) sterols. 
D) vitamin D. 
E) vitamin K. 
A) carotenes. 
B) cerebrosides. 
C) sterols. 
D) vitamin D. 
E) vitamin K.

Question 3

Describe the dependence of the melting point of a fatty acid upon 
(a)chain length and 
(b)unsaturation; 
(c)explain these dependencies in molecular terms.

Accepted Answer

All other things being equal, 
(a)the lo

Question 4

Describe three functions of triacylglycerols in mammals and one function in higher plants.

Accepted Answer

Triacylglycerols provide mammals with (1

Question 5

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)like aspirin and ibuprofen act by blocking production of:

Accepted Answer

A) biological waxes 
B) prostaglandins 
C) sphingolipids 
D) vitamin D 
E) none of the above 
A) biological waxes 
B) prostaglandins 
C) sphingolipids 
D) vitamin D 
E) none of the above

Question 6

Show the structure of isoprene;explain what is meant by isoprenoid compounds and give an example.

Accepted Answer

The structure is shown on page

Question 7

What chemical features distinguish a cerebroside from a ganglioside?

Accepted Answer

A cerebroside has a single sug

Question 8

Show the structure of sphingosine and indicate the relationship between sphingosine and ceramide.

Accepted Answer

The structure of sphingosine i

Question 9

Which of the following is not a consequence of partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils?

Accepted Answer

A) Longer shelf life 
B) Lower melting temperature 
C) Reduction of some cis double bonds to single bonds 
D) Conversion of some cis double bonds to trans double bonds 
E) Increased risk of cardiovascular disease upon consumption by humans 
A) Longer shelf life 
B) Lower melting temperature 
C) Reduction of some cis double bonds to single bonds 
D) Conversion of some cis double bonds to trans double bonds 
E) Increased risk of cardiovascular disease upon consumption by humans

Question 10

Which of the following contains an ether-linked alkyl group?

Accepted Answer

A) Cerebrosides 
B) Gangliosides 
C) Phosphatidyl serine 
D) Platelet-activating factor 
E) Sphingomyelin 
A) Cerebrosides 
B) Gangliosides 
C) Phosphatidyl serine 
D) Platelet-activating factor 
E) Sphingomyelin

Question 11

Which of the following statements about sterols is true?

Accepted Answer

A) All sterols share a fused-ring structure with four rings. 
B) Sterols are found in the membranes of all living cells. 
C) Sterols are soluble in water,but less so in organic solvents such as chloroform. 
D) Cholesterol is the principal sterol in fungi. 
E) The principal sterol of animal cells is ergosterol. 
A) All sterols share a fused-ring structure with four rings. 
B) Sterols are found in the membranes of all living cells. 
C) Sterols are soluble in water,but less so in organic solvents such as chloroform. 
D) Cholesterol is the principal sterol in fungi. 
E) The principal sterol of animal cells is ergosterol.

Question 12

Which of the following molecules or substances contain,or are derived from,fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A) Beeswax 
B) Prostaglandins 
C) Sphingolipids 
D) Triacylglycerols 
E) All of the above contain or are derived from fatty acids. 
A) Beeswax 
B) Prostaglandins 
C) Sphingolipids 
D) Triacylglycerols 
E) All of the above contain or are derived from fatty acids.

Question 13

An example of a glycerophospholipid that is involved in cell signaling is:

Accepted Answer

A) arachidonic acid. 
B) ceramide. 
C) phosphatidylinositol. 
D) testosterone. 
E) vitamin A (retinol). 
A) arachidonic acid. 
B) ceramide. 
C) phosphatidylinositol. 
D) testosterone. 
E) vitamin A (retinol).

Question 14

Draw the structure of phosphatidylcholine.Circle the part of the molecule that is polar and draw an arrow to the part that is nonpolar.

Accepted Answer

For this structure, see Fig. 10-9.  At n

Question 15

Which of the following techniques is not commonly used to analyze lipid composition?

Accepted Answer

A) Selective extraction using apolar solvents 
B) Adsorption chromatography 
C) X-ray crystallography 
D) Hydrolysis using enzymes with specificity for certain linkages 
E) Mass spectroscopy 
A) Selective extraction using apolar solvents 
B) Adsorption chromatography 
C) X-ray crystallography 
D) Hydrolysis using enzymes with specificity for certain linkages 
E) Mass spectroscopy

Question 16

Show the basic structure of all glycerophospholipids.

Accepted Answer

All glycerophospholipids have two fatty

Question 17

Biological waxes are all:

Accepted Answer

A) triesters of glycerol and palmitic acid. 
B) esters of single fatty acids with long-chain alcohols. 
C) triesters of glycerol and three long chain saturated fatty acids. 
D) sphingolipids. 
E) None of the above 
A) triesters of glycerol and palmitic acid. 
B) esters of single fatty acids with long-chain alcohols. 
C) triesters of glycerol and three long chain saturated fatty acids. 
D) sphingolipids. 
E) None of the above

Question 18

The venom of some rattlesnakes contains phospholipase A2.
a)Explain why a snake bite causes rapid pain and inflammation.
b)Based on your biochemical understanding of the mechanism of the pain,suggest a possible treatment.
c)If too much phospholipase A2 enters the bloodstream,the significant accumulation of one of the products of the reaction acts as a powerful detergent,causing the lysis of red blood cells and potential death.What is this dangerous product and what makes it such a good detergent?

Accepted Answer

a)Phospholipase A2 cleaves the 2-positio

Question 19

Which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) C 
C) D 
D) E 
E) K 
A) A 
B) C 
C) D 
D) E 
E) K

Question 20

Circle the fatty acid in each pair that has the higher melting temperature.
(a)18:1 $\Delta$ 9 18:2 $\Delta$ 9,12
(b)18:0 18:1 $\Delta$ 9
(c)18:0 16:0

Accepted Answer

(a)18:1 ^@#LAT-DLM&

Exam 10: Lipids

What chemical features distinguish a plasmalogen from a common glycerophospholipid?

Fatty acids are a component of:

Describe the dependence of the melting point of a fatty acid upon (a)chain length and (b)unsaturation; (c)explain these dependencies in molecular terms.

Describe three functions of triacylglycerols in mammals and one function in higher plants.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)like aspirin and ibuprofen act by blocking production of:

Show the structure of isoprene;explain what is meant by isoprenoid compounds and give an example.

What chemical features distinguish a cerebroside from a ganglioside?

Show the structure of sphingosine and indicate the relationship between sphingosine and ceramide.

Which of the following is not a consequence of partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils?

Which of the following contains an ether-linked alkyl group?

Which of the following statements about sterols is true?

Which of the following molecules or substances contain,or are derived from,fatty acids?

An example of a glycerophospholipid that is involved in cell signaling is:

Draw the structure of phosphatidylcholine.Circle the part of the molecule that is polar and draw an arrow to the part that is nonpolar.

Which of the following techniques is not commonly used to analyze lipid composition?

Show the basic structure of all glycerophospholipids.

Biological waxes are all:

Which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin?

Circle the fatty acid in each pair that has the higher melting temperature. (a)18:1 Δ\DeltaΔ 9 18:2 Δ\DeltaΔ 9,12 (b)18:0 18:1 Δ\DeltaΔ 9 (c)18:0 16:0

The Foundations of Biochemistry

Water

Amino Acids, peptides, and Proteins

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function

Enzymes

Carbohydrates and Glycobiology

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Recombinant Dna Technology

Biological Membranes and Transport

Biosignaling

Principles of Bioenergetics

Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Principles of Metabolic Regulation

The Citric Acid Cycle

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea

Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation

Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Plants and Bacteria

Lipid Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, nucleotides, and Related Molecules

Integration and Hormonal Regulation of Mammalian Metabolism

Genes and Chromosomes

Dna Metabolism

Rna Metabolism

Protein Metabolism

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

Circle the fatty acid in each pair that has the higher melting temperature. (a)18:1 ^$\Delta$ ⁹ 18:2 ^$\Delta$ ^9,12 (b)18:0 18:1 ^$\Delta$ ⁹ (c)18:0 16:0