Question 1

The sequence of events that produces growth at the epiphyseal plate is

Accepted Answer

A) hypertrophy,proliferation,calcification,ossification,and remodeling. 
B) hypertrophy,calcification,proliferation,cell death,ossification,and remodeling. 
C) proliferation,hypertrophy,calcification,cell death,ossification,and remodeling. 
D) calcification,hypertrophy,proliferation,ossification,cell death,and remodeling. 
E) proliferation,hypertrophy,cell death,calcification,ossification,and remodeling. 
A) hypertrophy,proliferation,calcification,ossification,and remodeling. 
B) hypertrophy,calcification,proliferation,cell death,ossification,and remodeling. 
C) proliferation,hypertrophy,calcification,cell death,ossification,and remodeling. 
D) calcification,hypertrophy,proliferation,ossification,cell death,and remodeling. 
E) proliferation,hypertrophy,cell death,calcification,ossification,and remodeling.

Question 2

Osteoporosis is

Accepted Answer

A) bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection. 
B) a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calcium depletion. 
C) a group of genetic disorders producing very brittle bones that are easily fractured; occurs because of insufficient collagen development. 
D) a disease in adults,especially women,characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix. 
E) a disease in children characterized by soft,bowed,and swollen bones. 
A) bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection. 
B) a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calcium depletion. 
C) a group of genetic disorders producing very brittle bones that are easily fractured; occurs because of insufficient collagen development. 
D) a disease in adults,especially women,characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix. 
E) a disease in children characterized by soft,bowed,and swollen bones.

Question 3

Woven bone

Accepted Answer

A) has a porous appearance. 
B) is not easily restructured. 
C) has its collagen fibers randomly oriented. 
D) is organized into thin sheets of tissue. 
E) is very light in weight. 
A) has a porous appearance. 
B) is not easily restructured. 
C) has its collagen fibers randomly oriented. 
D) is organized into thin sheets of tissue. 
E) is very light in weight.

Question 4

Sally has elevated levels of blood calcium.What chemical would you expect to find in high levels in response to this condition?

Accepted Answer

A) sex hormones 
B) parathyroid hormone 
C) growth hormone 
D) calcitonin 
E) vitamin D 
A) sex hormones 
B) parathyroid hormone 
C) growth hormone 
D) calcitonin 
E) vitamin D

Question 5

The spaces between developing skull bones that have not ossified are called

Accepted Answer

A) epiphyseal plates. 
B) bone collars. 
C) articular cartilages. 
D) fontanels. 
E) medullary cavities. 
A) epiphyseal plates. 
B) bone collars. 
C) articular cartilages. 
D) fontanels. 
E) medullary cavities.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about bone growth is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Most growth in long bones results from interstitial growth. 
B) In the epiphyseal plate,osteoblasts degenerate to form chondrocytes. 
C) Endochondral growth in long bones occurs at the epiphyseal plate. 
D) Bones can not grow by appositional growth. 
E) Appositional bone growth results in increased bone length. 
A) Most growth in long bones results from interstitial growth. 
B) In the epiphyseal plate,osteoblasts degenerate to form chondrocytes. 
C) Endochondral growth in long bones occurs at the epiphyseal plate. 
D) Bones can not grow by appositional growth. 
E) Appositional bone growth results in increased bone length.

Question 7

Which of the following cell types is responsible for breaking down bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

A) osteoclast 
B) fibroblast 
C) osteocyte 
D) chondroclast 
E) chondroblast 
A) osteoclast 
B) fibroblast 
C) osteocyte 
D) chondroclast 
E) chondroblast

Question 8

In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

Accepted Answer

A) spongy bone 
B) compact bone 
C) both spongy and compact 
A) spongy bone 
B) compact bone 
C) both spongy and compact

Question 9

Appositional growth deposits a new layer of bone

Accepted Answer

A) in the epiphyseal plate of long bones. 
B) in the secondary ossification center of the epiphyses. 
C) on the surface of the bone. 
D) on cancellous,but not compact bone. 
E) in interstitial areas. 
A) in the epiphyseal plate of long bones. 
B) in the secondary ossification center of the epiphyses. 
C) on the surface of the bone. 
D) on cancellous,but not compact bone. 
E) in interstitial areas.

Question 10

Which type of bone cells give rise to osteoblasts?

Accepted Answer

A) osteochondral progenitor cell 
B) osteoblasts 
C) osteoclasts 
D) osteocytes 
A) osteochondral progenitor cell 
B) osteoblasts 
C) osteoclasts 
D) osteocytes

Question 11

Calcitonin

Accepted Answer

A) decreases osteoblast activity. 
B) is associated with decreased osteoclast activity. 
C) decreases osteochondral progenitor cell activity. 
D) decreases osteocyte activity. 
E) has no effect on bone cells. 
A) decreases osteoblast activity. 
B) is associated with decreased osteoclast activity. 
C) decreases osteochondral progenitor cell activity. 
D) decreases osteocyte activity. 
E) has no effect on bone cells.

Question 12

The stem cells of osteoblasts and chondroblasts are

Accepted Answer

A) monocytes. 
B) chondrocytes. 
C) osteocytes. 
D) osteoclasts. 
E) osteochondral progenitor cells. 
A) monocytes. 
B) chondrocytes. 
C) osteocytes. 
D) osteoclasts. 
E) osteochondral progenitor cells.

Question 13

True or false: Bone remodeling stops during puberty.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The compression (weight-bearing)strength of bone matrix is due to the presence of

Accepted Answer

A) hydroxyapatite crystals. 
B) collagenase. 
C) collagen fibers. 
D) elastin fibers. 
E) bone marrow. 
A) hydroxyapatite crystals. 
B) collagenase. 
C) collagen fibers. 
D) elastin fibers. 
E) bone marrow.

Question 15

A bone fracture generally found in children that is incomplete is a(an)

Accepted Answer

A) complicated fracture. 
B) greenstick fracture. 
C) dentate fracture. 
D) hairline fracture. 
E) spiral fracture. 
A) complicated fracture. 
B) greenstick fracture. 
C) dentate fracture. 
D) hairline fracture. 
E) spiral fracture.

Question 16

These are blood vessels that carry blood from the medullary cavity and periosteum to the osteon and run perpendicular to the long axis of the bone.

Accepted Answer

A) Haversian canals 
B) lamellar canals 
C) Volkmann canals 
D) osteochondral canals 
E) Sharpey's canals 
A) Haversian canals 
B) lamellar canals 
C) Volkmann canals 
D) osteochondral canals 
E) Sharpey's canals

Question 17

The connective tissue sheath of cartilage is called the

Accepted Answer

A) ligamentous cord. 
B) lacuna. 
C) chondrocyte. 
D) matrix. 
E) perichondrium. 
A) ligamentous cord. 
B) lacuna. 
C) chondrocyte. 
D) matrix. 
E) perichondrium.

Question 18

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A) short bone - carpal bone 
B) long bone - vertebra 
C) short bone - humerus 
D) flat bone - phalanges of the toes 
E) irregular bone - femur 
A) short bone - carpal bone 
B) long bone - vertebra 
C) short bone - humerus 
D) flat bone - phalanges of the toes 
E) irregular bone - femur

Question 19

The zygomatic bone is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) long bone. 
B) flat bone. 
C) short bone. 
D) irregular bone. 
A) long bone. 
B) flat bone. 
C) short bone. 
D) irregular bone.

Question 20

The type of lamellae found between osteons (Haversian systems)is

Accepted Answer

A) interstitial. 
B) oppositional. 
C) appositional. 
D) circumferential. 
E) concentric. 
A) interstitial. 
B) oppositional. 
C) appositional. 
D) circumferential. 
E) concentric.

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

The sequence of events that produces growth at the epiphyseal plate is

Osteoporosis is

Woven bone

Sally has elevated levels of blood calcium.What chemical would you expect to find in high levels in response to this condition?

The spaces between developing skull bones that have not ossified are called

Which of the following statements about bone growth is TRUE?

Which of the following cell types is responsible for breaking down bone matrix?

In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

Appositional growth deposits a new layer of bone

Which type of bone cells give rise to osteoblasts?

Calcitonin

The stem cells of osteoblasts and chondroblasts are

True or false: Bone remodeling stops during puberty.

The compression (weight-bearing)strength of bone matrix is due to the presence of

A bone fracture generally found in children that is incomplete is a(an)

These are blood vessels that carry blood from the medullary cavity and periosteum to the osteon and run perpendicular to the long axis of the bone.

The connective tissue sheath of cartilage is called the

Which of the following is correctly matched?

The zygomatic bone is an example of a(n)

The type of lamellae found between osteons (Haversian systems)is

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development,growth,aging,and Genetics

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