Question 1

As a stereocilium bends,the tip link pulls ______ gates open.

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) Ca2+ 
C) Cl- 
D) K+ 
A) Na+ 
B) Ca2+ 
C) Cl- 
D) K+

Question 2

The external ear terminates at the

Accepted Answer

A) pinna. 
B) oval window. 
C) tympanic membrane. 
D) internal auditory meatus. 
E) ossicles. 
A) pinna. 
B) oval window. 
C) tympanic membrane. 
D) internal auditory meatus. 
E) ossicles.

Question 3

Rapid changes in altitude can rupture the eardrum.Symptoms that may occur include

Accepted Answer

A) dizziness. 
B) light headedness. 
C) feeling of a "full" ear. 
D) ringing in the ears. 
E) hearing impairment. 
A) dizziness. 
B) light headedness. 
C) feeling of a "full" ear. 
D) ringing in the ears. 
E) hearing impairment.

Question 4

The ability of the olfactory system to adapt to a particular odor may involve

Accepted Answer

A) sensitivity of the olfactory cortex. 
B) an increase in the sensitivity at the receptor sites. 
C) neurons from the medial olfactory area stimulating mitral cells and tufted cells. 
D) the intermediate olfactory area sending inhibiting impulses to the olfactory bulb. 
E) molecules that do not bind to receptors anymore. 
A) sensitivity of the olfactory cortex. 
B) an increase in the sensitivity at the receptor sites. 
C) neurons from the medial olfactory area stimulating mitral cells and tufted cells. 
D) the intermediate olfactory area sending inhibiting impulses to the olfactory bulb. 
E) molecules that do not bind to receptors anymore.

Question 5

Mechanical deficiency in transmission of sound waves to the spiral organ is

Accepted Answer

A) Meniere disease. 
B) otosclerosis. 
C) conduction hearing loss. 
D) sensorineural hearing loss. 
E) motion sickness. 
A) Meniere disease. 
B) otosclerosis. 
C) conduction hearing loss. 
D) sensorineural hearing loss. 
E) motion sickness.

Question 6

The cornea is relatively easy to transplant because

Accepted Answer

A) its proteoglycan content is high. 
B) it is easy to access and is a vascular. 
C) it has an extensive blood supply. 
D) its high immunological activity prevents infection. 
E) it is not attached to the eye. 
A) its proteoglycan content is high. 
B) it is easy to access and is a vascular. 
C) it has an extensive blood supply. 
D) its high immunological activity prevents infection. 
E) it is not attached to the eye.

Question 7

Match the description with its correct name.
-macular degeneration

Accepted Answer

A) difficulty seeing distant objects 
B) a type of refractory error 
C) clouding of the lens of the eye 
D) increased intraocular pressure that can lead to loss of vision 
E) loss of acute central vision 
A) difficulty seeing distant objects 
B) a type of refractory error 
C) clouding of the lens of the eye 
D) increased intraocular pressure that can lead to loss of vision 
E) loss of acute central vision

Question 8

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-optic disc

Accepted Answer

A) blood vessels enter and the optic nerve exits here 
B) a small yellow spot near the center of the posterior retina 
C) the portion of the retina with the greatest visual acuity 
D) a jellylike substance in the posterior cavity of the eye 
E) the fluid that fills the anterior cavity of the eye 
A) blood vessels enter and the optic nerve exits here 
B) a small yellow spot near the center of the posterior retina 
C) the portion of the retina with the greatest visual acuity 
D) a jellylike substance in the posterior cavity of the eye 
E) the fluid that fills the anterior cavity of the eye

Question 9

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-vitreous humor

Accepted Answer

A) blood vessels enter and the optic nerve exits here 
B) a small yellow spot near the center of the posterior retina 
C) the portion of the retina with the greatest visual acuity 
D) a jellylike substance in the posterior cavity of the eye 
E) the fluid that fills the anterior cavity of the eye 
A) blood vessels enter and the optic nerve exits here 
B) a small yellow spot near the center of the posterior retina 
C) the portion of the retina with the greatest visual acuity 
D) a jellylike substance in the posterior cavity of the eye 
E) the fluid that fills the anterior cavity of the eye

Question 10

Night blindness could be caused by

Accepted Answer

A) a lack of cones. 
B) a lack of iodopsin. 
C) a lack of rhodopsin. 
D) too much vitamin A in the diet. 
E) a lack of vitamin C in the diet. 
A) a lack of cones. 
B) a lack of iodopsin. 
C) a lack of rhodopsin. 
D) too much vitamin A in the diet. 
E) a lack of vitamin C in the diet.

Question 11

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-optic chiasma

Accepted Answer

A) the area that can be seen with the eyes open 
B) opening in the orbit through which the optic nerve passes 
C) the cerebral area that integrates messages from retina 
D) area where medial ganglion cell axons cross over 
E) the route of the ganglionic axons beyond the chiasma 
A) the area that can be seen with the eyes open 
B) opening in the orbit through which the optic nerve passes 
C) the cerebral area that integrates messages from retina 
D) area where medial ganglion cell axons cross over 
E) the route of the ganglionic axons beyond the chiasma

Question 12

Which of the following is part of the spiral organ (organ of Corti)?

Accepted Answer

A) modiolus 
B) vestibule 
C) tectorial membrane 
D) scala tympani 
E) chorda tympani 
A) modiolus 
B) vestibule 
C) tectorial membrane 
D) scala tympani 
E) chorda tympani

Question 13

The most sensitive taste buds are found in _____ papillae.

Accepted Answer

A) formate 
B) filiform 
C) fungiform 
D) vallate 
E) foliate 
A) formate 
B) filiform 
C) fungiform 
D) vallate 
E) foliate

Question 14

Sensory structures that detect taste are

Accepted Answer

A) palates. 
B) papillae. 
C) taste buds. 
D) ciliary membranes. 
E) thermoreceptors. 
A) palates. 
B) papillae. 
C) taste buds. 
D) ciliary membranes. 
E) thermoreceptors.

Question 15

The attenuation reflex

Accepted Answer

A) amplifies loud noises. 
B) enhances low frequency sounds. 
C) prevents damage to delicate ear structures. 
D) involves the scala vestibuli and the scala tympani. 
E) vibrates the tympanic membrane. 
A) amplifies loud noises. 
B) enhances low frequency sounds. 
C) prevents damage to delicate ear structures. 
D) involves the scala vestibuli and the scala tympani. 
E) vibrates the tympanic membrane.

Question 16

Arrange the following parts of the neuronal pathway for hearing in the correct sequence. (1)inferior colliculus
(2)medial geniculate nucleus
(3)superior olivary nucleus
(4)auditory cortex
(5)cochlear nucleus

Accepted Answer

A) 4,5,3,1,2 
B) 5,3,1,2,4 
C) 1,2,3,5,4 
D) 5,2,1,3,4 
E) 5,4,1,3,2 
A) 4,5,3,1,2 
B) 5,3,1,2,4 
C) 1,2,3,5,4 
D) 5,2,1,3,4 
E) 5,4,1,3,2

Question 17

What ion(s)cause(s)depolarization in olfactory neurons?

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) Ca2+ 
C) K+ 
D) Both Na+ and K+ 
E) Both Na+ and Ca2+ 
A) Na+ 
B) Ca2+ 
C) K+ 
D) Both Na+ and K+ 
E) Both Na+ and Ca2+

Question 18

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-bony labyrinth

Accepted Answer

A) organ of hearing 
B) passageway from the outside to the eardrum 
C) interconnecting tunnels in the temporal bone 
D) tiny bones in the middle ear 
E) connecting chambers of inner ear filled with endolymph 
A) organ of hearing 
B) passageway from the outside to the eardrum 
C) interconnecting tunnels in the temporal bone 
D) tiny bones in the middle ear 
E) connecting chambers of inner ear filled with endolymph

Question 19

Light refracts as it passes through the

Accepted Answer

A) vitreous humor,sclera,and iris. 
B) lens,aqueous humor,and sclera. 
C) cornea,retina,and vitreous humor. 
D) lens,cornea and humors of the eye. 
E) sclera,iris,and retina. 
A) vitreous humor,sclera,and iris. 
B) lens,aqueous humor,and sclera. 
C) cornea,retina,and vitreous humor. 
D) lens,cornea and humors of the eye. 
E) sclera,iris,and retina.

Question 20

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-visual cortex

Accepted Answer

A) the area that can be seen with the eyes open 
B) opening in the orbit through which the optic nerve passes 
C) the cerebral area that integrates messages from retina 
D) area where medial ganglion cell axons cross over 
E) the route of the ganglionic axons beyond the chiasma 
A) the area that can be seen with the eyes open 
B) opening in the orbit through which the optic nerve passes 
C) the cerebral area that integrates messages from retina 
D) area where medial ganglion cell axons cross over 
E) the route of the ganglionic axons beyond the chiasma

Exam 15: The Special Senses

As a stereocilium bends,the tip link pulls ______ gates open.

The external ear terminates at the

Rapid changes in altitude can rupture the eardrum.Symptoms that may occur include

The ability of the olfactory system to adapt to a particular odor may involve

Mechanical deficiency in transmission of sound waves to the spiral organ is

The cornea is relatively easy to transplant because

Match the description with its correct name. -macular degeneration

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -optic disc

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -vitreous humor

Night blindness could be caused by

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -optic chiasma

Which of the following is part of the spiral organ (organ of Corti)?

The most sensitive taste buds are found in _____ papillae.

Sensory structures that detect taste are

The attenuation reflex

Arrange the following parts of the neuronal pathway for hearing in the correct sequence. (1)inferior colliculus (2)medial geniculate nucleus (3)superior olivary nucleus (4)auditory cortex (5)cochlear nucleus

What ion(s)cause(s)depolarization in olfactory neurons?

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -bony labyrinth

Light refracts as it passes through the

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -visual cortex

The Human Organism

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