Question 1

The pitch of the sound produced by the vocal folds is controlled by the

Accepted Answer

A) frequency of the vibrations. 
B) amplitude of the vibrations. 
C) thickness of the thyroid cartilage. 
D) size of the glottis. 
E) force of air moving past them. 
A) frequency of the vibrations. 
B) amplitude of the vibrations. 
C) thickness of the thyroid cartilage. 
D) size of the glottis. 
E) force of air moving past them.

Question 2

Contraction of the _______ will increase the superior-inferior dimension of the thoracic cavity.

Accepted Answer

A) rectus abdominis 
B) internal intercostals 
C) diaphragm 
D) external intercostals 
E) sternocleidomastoid 
A) rectus abdominis 
B) internal intercostals 
C) diaphragm 
D) external intercostals 
E) sternocleidomastoid

Question 3

What occurs at the respiratory membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) mucus removes debris 
B) gas exchange between the air and blood takes place 
C) macrophages accumulate to remove debris 
D) gas exchange between the blood and tissues takes place 
A) mucus removes debris 
B) gas exchange between the air and blood takes place 
C) macrophages accumulate to remove debris 
D) gas exchange between the blood and tissues takes place

Question 4

The volume of air available for gas exchange per minute is called the

Accepted Answer

A) vital capacity. 
B) alveolar ventilation. 
C) minute respiratory volume. 
D) functional residual capacity. 
E) respiratory rate. 
A) vital capacity. 
B) alveolar ventilation. 
C) minute respiratory volume. 
D) functional residual capacity. 
E) respiratory rate.

Question 5

In which of the following situations is compliance greatest?

Accepted Answer

A) collapse of the alveoli 
B) airway obstruction 
C) emphysema 
D) pulmonary fibrosis 
E) pulmonary edema 
A) collapse of the alveoli 
B) airway obstruction 
C) emphysema 
D) pulmonary fibrosis 
E) pulmonary edema

Question 6

The chloride shift refers to the

Accepted Answer

A) effect of chloride ions on the oxygen dissociation curve. 
B) exchange of chloride ions for bicarbonate ions across the red blood cell membrane. 
C) exchange of chloride ions for carbon dioxide across alveolar cell membranes. 
D) effect of chloride ions on hydrogen ion diffusion from red blood cells. 
E) exchange of chloride ions for hemoglobin across the RBC membrane. 
A) effect of chloride ions on the oxygen dissociation curve. 
B) exchange of chloride ions for bicarbonate ions across the red blood cell membrane. 
C) exchange of chloride ions for carbon dioxide across alveolar cell membranes. 
D) effect of chloride ions on hydrogen ion diffusion from red blood cells. 
E) exchange of chloride ions for hemoglobin across the RBC membrane.

Question 7

Internal respiration refers to

Accepted Answer

A) atmospheric air coming into the lungs. 
B) gas exchange between the lungs and the blood. 
C) gas exchange in the atmosphere. 
D) gas exchange between the blood and body tissues. 
E) cellular respiration. 
A) atmospheric air coming into the lungs. 
B) gas exchange between the lungs and the blood. 
C) gas exchange in the atmosphere. 
D) gas exchange between the blood and body tissues. 
E) cellular respiration.

Question 8

How does carbon monoxide affect red blood cells (RBCs)?

Accepted Answer

A) It causes them to shrivel. 
B) The hemoglobin within the RBC bind to carbon monoxide. 
C) The hemoglobin rejects carbon monoxide. 
D) The RBCs clump together. 
E) The carbon monoxide converts to carbon dioxide. 
A) It causes them to shrivel. 
B) The hemoglobin within the RBC bind to carbon monoxide. 
C) The hemoglobin rejects carbon monoxide. 
D) The RBCs clump together. 
E) The carbon monoxide converts to carbon dioxide.

Question 9

What is the function of the ciliated epithelium of the tracheobronchial tree?

Accepted Answer

A) to cause coughing 
B) a mucus-cilia escalator 
C) move dirt toward the alveoli 
D) All of the choices are correct 
A) to cause coughing 
B) a mucus-cilia escalator 
C) move dirt toward the alveoli 
D) All of the choices are correct

Question 10

Which of the following functions is associated with the nose?

Accepted Answer

A) initiating the cough reflex 
B) external respiration 
C) warming the air 
D) producing mucus to trap debris from the air 
E) warming the air and producing mucus to trap debris from the air 
A) initiating the cough reflex 
B) external respiration 
C) warming the air 
D) producing mucus to trap debris from the air 
E) warming the air and producing mucus to trap debris from the air

Question 11

When the inspiratory muscles contract,

Accepted Answer

A) thoracic volume increases. 
B) pleural pressure increases. 
C) the alveolar pressure increases. 
D) expiration occurs. 
E) thoracic volume decreases. 
A) thoracic volume increases. 
B) pleural pressure increases. 
C) the alveolar pressure increases. 
D) expiration occurs. 
E) thoracic volume decreases.

Question 12

Match the term with the appropriate description or definition.
-vital capacity "Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Accepted Answer

A) sum of the inspiratory reserve,expiratory reserve,tidal,and residual volumes 
B) volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration 
C) volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration 
D) sum of the expiratory reserve,inspiratory reserve,and tidal volumes 
E) the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume 
A) sum of the inspiratory reserve,expiratory reserve,tidal,and residual volumes 
B) volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration 
C) volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration 
D) sum of the expiratory reserve,inspiratory reserve,and tidal volumes 
E) the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume

Question 13

Physiological dead air space is anatomic dead space plus

Accepted Answer

A) the residual volume. 
B) the volume of any alveoli where gas exchange is diminished. 
C) the volume of blood flowing to the lungs. 
D) the respiration rate. 
E) tidal volume. 
A) the residual volume. 
B) the volume of any alveoli where gas exchange is diminished. 
C) the volume of blood flowing to the lungs. 
D) the respiration rate. 
E) tidal volume.

Question 14

After hyperventilating for several minutes,a person may develop short periods of apnea because

Accepted Answer

A) blood pH would drop and inhibit inspiration. 
B) oxygen in the lungs has not had time to diffuse into the blood. 
C) the level of oxygen has increased and inhibits the inspiratory center. 
D) the level of CO2 decreases below the level necessary to stimulate the inspiratory center. 
E) blood pH will rise and stimulate expiration. 
A) blood pH would drop and inhibit inspiration. 
B) oxygen in the lungs has not had time to diffuse into the blood. 
C) the level of oxygen has increased and inhibits the inspiratory center. 
D) the level of CO2 decreases below the level necessary to stimulate the inspiratory center. 
E) blood pH will rise and stimulate expiration.

Question 15

The major regulator of respiration is the plasma concentration of

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen. 
B) carbon dioxide. 
C) water vapor. 
D) nitrogen. 
E) chloride. 
A) oxygen. 
B) carbon dioxide. 
C) water vapor. 
D) nitrogen. 
E) chloride.

Question 16

Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than is oxygen.Which gas has the higher rate of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide 
B) oxygen 
C) Both will have the same rate of diffusion 
A) carbon dioxide 
B) oxygen 
C) Both will have the same rate of diffusion

Question 17

Which of the following muscles increases the volume of the thorax during a normal inhalation? (1)diaphragm
(2)external intercostals
(3)internal intercostals
(4)rectus abdominis

Accepted Answer

A) 1,2 
B) 1,3 
C) 2,3 
D) 2,4 
E) 3,4 
A) 1,2 
B) 1,3 
C) 2,3 
D) 2,4 
E) 3,4

Question 18

Direct stimulation of neurons within the dorsal respiratory group would cause an increase in the frequency of action potential in the

Accepted Answer

A) glossopharyngeal nerve that innervates the pharyngeal muscles. 
B) phrenic nerve that innervates the diaphragm. 
C) vagus nerve that innervates the smooth muscle of the bronchioles. 
D) intercostal nerves to internal intercostals muscles. 
E) intercostal nerves to external intercostals muscles. 
A) glossopharyngeal nerve that innervates the pharyngeal muscles. 
B) phrenic nerve that innervates the diaphragm. 
C) vagus nerve that innervates the smooth muscle of the bronchioles. 
D) intercostal nerves to internal intercostals muscles. 
E) intercostal nerves to external intercostals muscles.

Question 19

As acidity increases,how does this affect the affinity of hemoglobin for the oxygen it carries?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxyhemoglobin affinity decreases. 
B) Oxyhemoglobin affinity increases. 
C) Oxyhemoglobin affinity remains the same. 
D) Hemoglobin loses its affinity for oxygen. 
E) None of these choices is correct. 
A) Oxyhemoglobin affinity decreases. 
B) Oxyhemoglobin affinity increases. 
C) Oxyhemoglobin affinity remains the same. 
D) Hemoglobin loses its affinity for oxygen. 
E) None of these choices is correct.

Question 20

Match the disorder of the respiratory system with the best description.
-pulmonary fibrosis

Accepted Answer

A) destruction of the alveolar walls 
B) inflammation of the bronchii 
C) inherited disease that affects secretory cells lining the lungs 
D) replacement of lung tissue with fibrous connective tissue 
E) infant stops breathing during sleep 
A) destruction of the alveolar walls 
B) inflammation of the bronchii 
C) inherited disease that affects secretory cells lining the lungs 
D) replacement of lung tissue with fibrous connective tissue 
E) infant stops breathing during sleep

Exam 23: Respiratory System

The pitch of the sound produced by the vocal folds is controlled by the

Contraction of the _______ will increase the superior-inferior dimension of the thoracic cavity.

What occurs at the respiratory membrane?

The volume of air available for gas exchange per minute is called the

In which of the following situations is compliance greatest?

The chloride shift refers to the

Internal respiration refers to

How does carbon monoxide affect red blood cells (RBCs)?

What is the function of the ciliated epithelium of the tracheobronchial tree?

Which of the following functions is associated with the nose?

When the inspiratory muscles contract,

Match the term with the appropriate description or definition. -vital capacity "Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Physiological dead air space is anatomic dead space plus

After hyperventilating for several minutes,a person may develop short periods of apnea because

The major regulator of respiration is the plasma concentration of

Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than is oxygen.Which gas has the higher rate of diffusion?

Which of the following muscles increases the volume of the thorax during a normal inhalation? (1)diaphragm (2)external intercostals (3)internal intercostals (4)rectus abdominis

Direct stimulation of neurons within the dorsal respiratory group would cause an increase in the frequency of action potential in the

As acidity increases,how does this affect the affinity of hemoglobin for the oxygen it carries?

Match the disorder of the respiratory system with the best description. -pulmonary fibrosis

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development,growth,aging,and Genetics

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