Exam 2: How Psychologists Do Research

Control groups are used in both experimental and non-experimental studies.

Procedures used to measure and evaluate personality traits, emotional states, aptitudes, and values are called:

An advantage of field research is that it allows the use of sophisticated equipment.

Which of the following correlation coefficient values indicate the strongest relationship between two variables?

Skepticism in scientific research means:

A controlled test of a hypothesis, in which the researcher manipulates one variable in order to discover its effect on another variable, is called a(n):

To test whether people in bars drink more when they are in groups than when they are alone, researchers visited all the pubs in a city. They ordered beers and recorded observations on napkins and pieces of newspaper. Why did they keep their identities in disguise?

Reliability in psychological testing means that the test:

Ideally, in an experimental situation, everything is held constant except for the _______________, which is manipulated by the researchers.

For nine months after being diagnosed with a treatable form of pancreatic cancer, Steve Jobs refused to have surgery and instead tried to cure himself with carrot juice, fruit, and psychics.

A major purpose of peer review is to:

Two sets of observations assessing annual income and dental health are compared. Which of the following is most likely true?

Psychologists follow a code of ethics that has been developed by the APA. Explain the APA code in regard to research with human participants.

Juan is given a vocational-interest test and is then asked to attempt the same test a week later. The test administrator wants to measure the _______________ of the test.

A negative correlation means that:

Which of the following pairs of variables are likely to be uncorrelated?

Descriptive statistics are statistical procedures that organize and summarize research data.

When the textbook authors refer to psychologists as scientists, they do not mean that all psychologists work with complicated gadgets and machines or wear white lab coats. The scientific enterprise has more to do with attitudes and procedures than it does with apparatus and apparel. Describe, in detail, the five key characteristics of the ideal scientist.

The American Psychological Association (APA) has a code of ethics that all of its members are supposed to follow.

An association between increases in one variable and decreases in the other variable indicates that the two variables are uncorrelated.