Question 1

Which statement about alkaptonuria is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals with the disease have low levels of homogentistic acid. 
B)  Individuals with the disease often have dark or black urine. 
C)  The disease is due to a recessive allele at a single gene. 
D)  The disease is an example of Garrod's inborn errors of metabolism. 
E)  The disease arises from an improperly functioning enzyme. 
A)  Individuals with the disease have low levels of homogentistic acid. 
B)  Individuals with the disease often have dark or black urine. 
C)  The disease is due to a recessive allele at a single gene. 
D)  The disease is an example of Garrod's inborn errors of metabolism. 
E)  The disease arises from an improperly functioning enzyme.

Question 2

Why do tetracyclines kill bacteria but not eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes differ in their specific proteins and RNAs. 
B)  Bacteria and eukaryotic tRNAs bind different amino acids. 
C)  Tetracyclines cannot enter the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. 
D)  Tetracyclines cannot enter the ER of eukaryotic cells. 
E)  Tetracyclines are destroyed by enzymes found only in eukaryotes. 
A)  Bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes differ in their specific proteins and RNAs. 
B)  Bacteria and eukaryotic tRNAs bind different amino acids. 
C)  Tetracyclines cannot enter the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. 
D)  Tetracyclines cannot enter the ER of eukaryotic cells. 
E)  Tetracyclines are destroyed by enzymes found only in eukaryotes.

Question 3

After translation,the polypeptide chains of some proteins are cut by a process called

Accepted Answer

A)  glycation. 
B)  glycosylation. 
C)  phosphorylation. 
D)  proteolysis. 
E)  exonuclease digestion. 
A)  glycation. 
B)  glycosylation. 
C)  phosphorylation. 
D)  proteolysis. 
E)  exonuclease digestion.

Question 4

Given the mRNA strand 5'-AUGCCU…CCA-3',what is the sequence of the template strand of DNA? [Note: "…" represents an intervening sequence.]

Accepted Answer

A)  5'-AUGCCU…CCA-3' 
B)  5''-ATGCCT…CCA-3' 
C)  3'-AUGCCU…CCA-5' 
D)  3'-UACGGA…GGU-5' 
E)  3'-TACGGA…GGT-5' 
A)  5'-AUGCCU…CCA-3' 
B)  5''-ATGCCT…CCA-3' 
C)  3'-AUGCCU…CCA-5' 
D)  3'-UACGGA…GGU-5' 
E)  3'-TACGGA…GGT-5'

Question 5

Which type of molecule is most involved in the transfer of genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  tRNA 
D)  Proteins 
E)  Lipids 
A)  DNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  tRNA 
D)  Proteins 
E)  Lipids

Question 6

Which statement about the flow of genetic information is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteins encode information that is used to produce other proteins of the same amino acid sequence. 
B)  RNA encodes information that is translated into DNA,and DNA encodes information that is translated into proteins. 
C)  Proteins encode information that is translated into RNA,and RNA encodes information that is transcribed into DNA. 
D)  DNA encodes information that is translated into RNA,and RNA encodes information that is translated into proteins. 
E)  DNA encodes information that is translated into proteins and RNA. 
A)  Proteins encode information that is used to produce other proteins of the same amino acid sequence. 
B)  RNA encodes information that is translated into DNA,and DNA encodes information that is translated into proteins. 
C)  Proteins encode information that is translated into RNA,and RNA encodes information that is transcribed into DNA. 
D)  DNA encodes information that is translated into RNA,and RNA encodes information that is translated into proteins. 
E)  DNA encodes information that is translated into proteins and RNA.

Question 7

What two factors make errors in transcription less potentially harmful than errors in DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  The increased efficiency of proofreading repair in transcription and the large numbers of RNA sequences produced 
B)  The increased efficiency of proofreading repair in transcription and the reduced lifespan of RNA sequences 
C)  The reduced lifespan of RNA sequences and the large numbers of RNA sequences produced 
D)  The large numbers of RNA sequences produced and the fidelity function 
E)  The fidelity function and the increased efficiency of proofreading repair in transcription 
A)  The increased efficiency of proofreading repair in transcription and the large numbers of RNA sequences produced 
B)  The increased efficiency of proofreading repair in transcription and the reduced lifespan of RNA sequences 
C)  The reduced lifespan of RNA sequences and the large numbers of RNA sequences produced 
D)  The large numbers of RNA sequences produced and the fidelity function 
E)  The fidelity function and the increased efficiency of proofreading repair in transcription

Question 8

Sometimes an established antibiotic loses its effectiveness because of evolved changes in the amino acid sequence of the bacterial gene.This phenomenon is known as antibiotic _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sometimes an established antibiotic loses its effectiveness...

Question 9

When eukaryotic DNA is hybridized with mRNA,the hybrid molecules contain loops of double-stranded DNA called

Accepted Answer

A)  retroviruses. 
B)  introns. 
C)  exons. 
D)  transcripts. 
E)  puffs. 
A)  retroviruses. 
B)  introns. 
C)  exons. 
D)  transcripts. 
E)  puffs.

Question 10

A transcription factor is _______ that assists transcription by binding to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  a protein;a ribosome 
B)  a protein;the promoter 
C)  DNA;a ribosome 
D)  DNA;the promoter 
E)  RNA;DNA 
A)  a protein;a ribosome 
B)  a protein;the promoter 
C)  DNA;a ribosome 
D)  DNA;the promoter 
E)  RNA;DNA

Question 11

Promoters are made of

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins. 
B)  carbohydrates. 
C)  lipids. 
D)  nucleic acids. 
E)  amino acids. 
A)  proteins. 
B)  carbohydrates. 
C)  lipids. 
D)  nucleic acids. 
E)  amino acids.

Question 12

In what order does a charged tRNA molecule move between the three sites on the ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  A,E,P 
B)  P,E,A 
C)  E,P,A 
D)  P,A,E 
E)  A,P,E 
A)  A,E,P 
B)  P,E,A 
C)  E,P,A 
D)  P,A,E 
E)  A,P,E

Question 13

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthases

Accepted Answer

A)  are transcription factors. 
B)  are responsible for the wobble phenomenon. 
C)  charge tRNAs. 
D)  are responsible for the fidelity function. 
E)  bind tRNA to rRNA. 
A)  are transcription factors. 
B)  are responsible for the wobble phenomenon. 
C)  charge tRNAs. 
D)  are responsible for the fidelity function. 
E)  bind tRNA to rRNA.

Question 14

RNA polymerase uses the _______ DNA template to synthesize a _______ mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  5'-to-3';5'-to-3' 
B)  3'-to-5';3'-to-5' 
C)  5'-to-3';3'-to-5' 
D)  3'-to-5';5'-to-3' 
E)  5'-to-5';3'-to-3' 
A)  5'-to-3';5'-to-3' 
B)  3'-to-5';3'-to-5' 
C)  5'-to-3';3'-to-5' 
D)  3'-to-5';5'-to-3' 
E)  5'-to-5';3'-to-3'

Question 15

A tRNA that forms hydrogen bonds with all of the three bases of the codon will most likely be _______ by the ribosome,and this process will involve _______ subunit(s)of the ribosome.

Accepted Answer

A)  accepted;the large 
B)  rejected;the small 
C)  rejected;the large 
D)  rejected;both 
E)  accepted;the small 
A)  accepted;the large 
B)  rejected;the small 
C)  rejected;the large 
D)  rejected;both 
E)  accepted;the small

Question 16

A newly formed protein whose destination is the Golgi apparatus will likely contain

Accepted Answer

A)  a protein release factor. 
B)  a polysome. 
C)  a signal sequence. 
D)  a spliceosome. 
E)  directing factors. 
A)  a protein release factor. 
B)  a polysome. 
C)  a signal sequence. 
D)  a spliceosome. 
E)  directing factors.

Question 17

The "wobble" phenomenon refers to a lack of specificity between the _______ end of the codon and the _______ end of the anticodon.

Accepted Answer

A)  5';3' 
B)  5';5' 
C)  5';2' 
D)  3';5' 
E)  3';3' 
A)  5';3' 
B)  5';5' 
C)  5';2' 
D)  3';5' 
E)  3';3'

Question 18

During initiation,the sequence of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds most tightly is the

Accepted Answer

A)  promoter. 
B)  poly C center. 
C)  poly A tail. 
D)  5' cap. 
E)  minor groove. 
A)  promoter. 
B)  poly C center. 
C)  poly A tail. 
D)  5' cap. 
E)  minor groove.

Question 19

In eukaryotes,exons are

Accepted Answer

A)  spliced out of the original transcript. 
B)  spliced together from the original transcript. 
C)  spliced to introns to form the final transcript. 
D)  usually much larger than introns. 
E)  larger than the original coding region. 
A)  spliced out of the original transcript. 
B)  spliced together from the original transcript. 
C)  spliced to introns to form the final transcript. 
D)  usually much larger than introns. 
E)  larger than the original coding region.

Question 20

In protein synthesis,the endoplasmic reticulum

Accepted Answer

A)  is the site of mRNA attachment. 
B)  is the site where all ribosomes bind. 
C)  is the site of translation of membrane-bound and exported proteins. 
D)  produces tRNAs. 
E)  brings together mRNA and tRNA. 
A)  is the site of mRNA attachment. 
B)  is the site where all ribosomes bind. 
C)  is the site of translation of membrane-bound and exported proteins. 
D)  produces tRNAs. 
E)  brings together mRNA and tRNA.

Exam 10: From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Which statement about alkaptonuria is false?

Why do tetracyclines kill bacteria but not eukaryotic cells?

After translation,the polypeptide chains of some proteins are cut by a process called

Given the mRNA strand 5'-AUGCCU…CCA-3',what is the sequence of the template strand of DNA? [Note: "…" represents an intervening sequence.]

Which type of molecule is most involved in the transfer of genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

Which statement about the flow of genetic information is true?

What two factors make errors in transcription less potentially harmful than errors in DNA replication?

Sometimes an established antibiotic loses its effectiveness because of evolved changes in the amino acid sequence of the bacterial gene.This phenomenon is known as antibiotic _______.

When eukaryotic DNA is hybridized with mRNA,the hybrid molecules contain loops of double-stranded DNA called

A transcription factor is _______ that assists transcription by binding to _______.

Promoters are made of

In what order does a charged tRNA molecule move between the three sites on the ribosome?

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthases

RNA polymerase uses the _______ DNA template to synthesize a _______ mRNA.

A tRNA that forms hydrogen bonds with all of the three bases of the codon will most likely be _______ by the ribosome,and this process will involve _______ subunit(s)of the ribosome.

A newly formed protein whose destination is the Golgi apparatus will likely contain

The "wobble" phenomenon refers to a lack of specificity between the _______ end of the codon and the _______ end of the anticodon.

During initiation,the sequence of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds most tightly is the

In eukaryotes,exons are

In protein synthesis,the endoplasmic reticulum

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

A transcription factor is _ that assists transcription by binding to _.

RNA polymerase uses the _ DNA template to synthesize a _ mRNA.

A tRNA that forms hydrogen bonds with all of the three bases of the codon will most likely be _ by the ribosome,and this process will involve _ subunit(s)of the ribosome.

The "wobble" phenomenon refers to a lack of specificity between the _ end of the codon and the _ end of the anticodon.