Question 1

Which would not be a postzygotic isolation mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abnormal meiosis following fertilization 
B)  Infertile hybrids 
C)  Reduced viability of hybrids 
D)  Abnormal mitosis following fertilization 
E)  Variation in mating pheromones 
A)  Abnormal meiosis following fertilization 
B)  Infertile hybrids 
C)  Reduced viability of hybrids 
D)  Abnormal mitosis following fertilization 
E)  Variation in mating pheromones

Question 2

Mules are an example of which type of reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Postzygotic isolation 
B)  Temporal isolation 
C)  Low hybrid zygote viability 
D)  Behavioral isolation 
E)  Mechanical isolation 
A)  Postzygotic isolation 
B)  Temporal isolation 
C)  Low hybrid zygote viability 
D)  Behavioral isolation 
E)  Mechanical isolation

Question 3

What type of chromosomal rearrangements is involved in the reproductive isolation seen in Rhogeessa bats?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inversions 
B)  Deletions 
C)  Chromosomal fissions 
D)  Chromosomal fusions 
E)  Translocations 
A)  Inversions 
B)  Deletions 
C)  Chromosomal fissions 
D)  Chromosomal fusions 
E)  Translocations

Question 4

The binomial system of nomenclature,which we still use to name species,was originated by

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Darwin. 
B)  Theodosius Dobzhansky. 
C)  Hermann Joseph Muller. 
D)  Ernst Mayr. 
E)  Carolus Linneaus. 
A)  Charles Darwin. 
B)  Theodosius Dobzhansky. 
C)  Hermann Joseph Muller. 
D)  Ernst Mayr. 
E)  Carolus Linneaus.

Question 5

The different strains of Phlox drummondii growing in European nurseries illustrate that

Accepted Answer

A)  in some cases,reproductive isolation requires millions of years. 
B)  speciation can occur without geographic isolation. 
C)  speciation can occur rapidly through allopolyploidy. 
D)  partial reproductive isolation has been documented in human history. 
E)  chromosomal rearrangements can result in reproductive isolation via the Dobzhansky-Muller model. 
A)  in some cases,reproductive isolation requires millions of years. 
B)  speciation can occur without geographic isolation. 
C)  speciation can occur rapidly through allopolyploidy. 
D)  partial reproductive isolation has been documented in human history. 
E)  chromosomal rearrangements can result in reproductive isolation via the Dobzhansky-Muller model.

Question 6

Two species have genotypes aaBB and Aabb.Mating between these species leads to F1 individuals that are sterile due to a Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibility.Therefore,the genotype of the ancestral population could have been

Accepted Answer

A)  AaBb. 
B)  AABb. 
C)  aabb. 
D)  Aabb. 
E)  AaBB. 
A)  AaBb. 
B)  AABb. 
C)  aabb. 
D)  Aabb. 
E)  AaBB.

Question 7

Which mechanism can lead to selection against hybridization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prezygotic isolation 
B)  Postzygotic isolation 
C)  Geographic barriers 
D)  Temporal isolation 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Prezygotic isolation 
B)  Postzygotic isolation 
C)  Geographic barriers 
D)  Temporal isolation 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

Which prezygotic isolating mechanism occurs after mating?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behavioral isolation 
B)  Gametic isolation 
C)  Mechanical isolation 
D)  Temporal isolation 
E)  Habitat isolation 
A)  Behavioral isolation 
B)  Gametic isolation 
C)  Mechanical isolation 
D)  Temporal isolation 
E)  Habitat isolation

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions :
Two species of crickets have partially overlapping ranges.Hybrids are never found in the areas where the species meet.Individuals taken either from areas where they meet or areas where they do not meet will rarely mate in the lab because the females reject the songs sung by males of the other species.Of the few hybrids that are produced in lab crosses,all have low viability.
-The two cricket species exhibit _______ reproductive isolation and _______ a hybrid zone.

Accepted Answer

A)  only prezygotic;form 
B)  only prezygotic;do not form 
C)  only postzygotic;form 
D)  both prezygotic and postzygotic;form 
E)  both prezygotic and postzygotic;do not form 
A)  only prezygotic;form 
B)  only prezygotic;do not form 
C)  only postzygotic;form 
D)  both prezygotic and postzygotic;form 
E)  both prezygotic and postzygotic;do not form

Question 10

Which circumstance is most likely to lead to speciation in only a couple of generations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polyploidy 
B)  Allopatric speciation 
C)  Reinforcement 
D)  Mechanical isolation 
E)  Gametic isolation 
A)  Polyploidy 
B)  Allopatric speciation 
C)  Reinforcement 
D)  Mechanical isolation 
E)  Gametic isolation

Question 11

If reproductive isolation were always a binary function (i.e. ,if populations always exhibited either no reproductive isolation or complete reproductive isolation),which of the following could not exist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Allopatric speciation 
B)  Behavioral isolation 
C)  Reinforcement 
D)  Temporal isolation 
E)  Allopolyploidy 
A)  Allopatric speciation 
B)  Behavioral isolation 
C)  Reinforcement 
D)  Temporal isolation 
E)  Allopolyploidy

Question 12

If a tetraploid fern species hybridizes with a closely related diploid,the resulting progeny will most likely be

Accepted Answer

A)  haploid. 
B)  diploid. 
C)  triploid. 
D)  tetraploid. 
E)  hexaploid. 
A)  haploid. 
B)  diploid. 
C)  triploid. 
D)  tetraploid. 
E)  hexaploid.

Question 13

Which statement about mechanical isolating mechanisms is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are prezygotic. 
B)  They may involve a pollinator in plants. 
C)  They can evolve by reinforcement. 
D)  They often involve differences in the shapes and sizes of reproductive organs of the different species. 
E)  They reduce the fitness of hybrids. 
A)  They are prezygotic. 
B)  They may involve a pollinator in plants. 
C)  They can evolve by reinforcement. 
D)  They often involve differences in the shapes and sizes of reproductive organs of the different species. 
E)  They reduce the fitness of hybrids.

Question 14

Which statement about the Dobzhansky-Muller model of speciation is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Empirical examples support the model. 
B)  It focuses on a single gene. 
C)  It includes a phase in which some individuals are reproductively incompatible with other individuals in the same population. 
D)  It cannot be applied to chromosomal rearrangements. 
E)  It is an application of the morphological species concept. 
A)  Empirical examples support the model. 
B)  It focuses on a single gene. 
C)  It includes a phase in which some individuals are reproductively incompatible with other individuals in the same population. 
D)  It cannot be applied to chromosomal rearrangements. 
E)  It is an application of the morphological species concept.

Question 15

Females of the species Drosophila pseudoobscura respond less well to courtship signals from males of their close relative D.persimilis than they do to those of males of their own species.This is an example of _______ isolation.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral 
B)  allopatric 
C)  mechanical 
D)  temporal 
E)  sympatric 
A)  behavioral 
B)  allopatric 
C)  mechanical 
D)  temporal 
E)  sympatric

Question 16

The Rice and Salt experiment with flies

Accepted Answer

A)  involved flies mating near their chosen food sources. 
B)  showed that postzygotic,and not prezygotic,reproductive isolation had evolved. 
C)  showed that reproductive isolation took hundreds of generations to evolve. 
D)  modeled the evolution of a narrow hybrid zone. 
E)  modeled the evolution of a broad hybrid zone. 
A)  involved flies mating near their chosen food sources. 
B)  showed that postzygotic,and not prezygotic,reproductive isolation had evolved. 
C)  showed that reproductive isolation took hundreds of generations to evolve. 
D)  modeled the evolution of a narrow hybrid zone. 
E)  modeled the evolution of a broad hybrid zone.

Question 17

In which reproductive isolating mechanism does the protein bindin play a role in sea urchins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low hybrid adult viability 
B)  Hybrid infertility 
C)  Gametic isolation 
D)  Behavioral isolation 
E)  Mechanical isolation 
A)  Low hybrid adult viability 
B)  Hybrid infertility 
C)  Gametic isolation 
D)  Behavioral isolation 
E)  Mechanical isolation

Question 18

Which characteristic could not be used to determine the difference between two cryptic species of Hyla treefrogs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behavior 
B)  Genotype 
C)  Mating calls 
D)  Morphology 
E)  Ploidy level 
A)  Behavior 
B)  Genotype 
C)  Mating calls 
D)  Morphology 
E)  Ploidy level

Question 19

Rank the following isolating mechanisms with respect to their time of occurrence in the reproductive process,from earliest to latest.

Accepted Answer

A)  Low hybrid zygotic viability,gametic isolation,behavioral isolation 
B)  Low hybrid zygotic viability,behavioral isolation,gametic isolation 
C)  Behavioral isolation,low hybrid zygotic viability,gametic isolation 
D)  Behavioral isolation,gametic isolation,low hybrid zygotic viability 
E)  Gametic isolation,behavioral isolation,low hybrid zygotic viability 
A)  Low hybrid zygotic viability,gametic isolation,behavioral isolation 
B)  Low hybrid zygotic viability,behavioral isolation,gametic isolation 
C)  Behavioral isolation,low hybrid zygotic viability,gametic isolation 
D)  Behavioral isolation,gametic isolation,low hybrid zygotic viability 
E)  Gametic isolation,behavioral isolation,low hybrid zygotic viability

Question 20

Which factor did not contribute to the genetic diversification of the Galápagos Island finches studied by Darwin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Environmental conditions vary among the different islands. 
B)  Most of the islands are sufficiently distant from one another such that movement among their populations is limited. 
C)  The islands are only 100 km from Ecuador,so they receive a continual input of new genes from the mainland. 
D)  Occasional migrants to new islands rarely interbreed with endemic species. 
E)  Over time,the residents of each island have developed their own genetic distinctiveness. 
A)  Environmental conditions vary among the different islands. 
B)  Most of the islands are sufficiently distant from one another such that movement among their populations is limited. 
C)  The islands are only 100 km from Ecuador,so they receive a continual input of new genes from the mainland. 
D)  Occasional migrants to new islands rarely interbreed with endemic species. 
E)  Over time,the residents of each island have developed their own genetic distinctiveness.

Exam 17: Speciation

Which would not be a postzygotic isolation mechanism?

Mules are an example of which type of reproductive isolation?

What type of chromosomal rearrangements is involved in the reproductive isolation seen in Rhogeessa bats?

The binomial system of nomenclature,which we still use to name species,was originated by

The different strains of Phlox drummondii growing in European nurseries illustrate that

Two species have genotypes aaBB and Aabb.Mating between these species leads to F1 individuals that are sterile due to a Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibility.Therefore,the genotype of the ancestral population could have been

Which mechanism can lead to selection against hybridization?

Which prezygotic isolating mechanism occurs after mating?

Which circumstance is most likely to lead to speciation in only a couple of generations?

If reproductive isolation were always a binary function (i.e. ,if populations always exhibited either no reproductive isolation or complete reproductive isolation),which of the following could not exist?

If a tetraploid fern species hybridizes with a closely related diploid,the resulting progeny will most likely be

Which statement about mechanical isolating mechanisms is false?

Which statement about the Dobzhansky-Muller model of speciation is true?

Females of the species Drosophila pseudoobscura respond less well to courtship signals from males of their close relative D.persimilis than they do to those of males of their own species.This is an example of _______ isolation.

The Rice and Salt experiment with flies

In which reproductive isolating mechanism does the protein bindin play a role in sea urchins?

Which characteristic could not be used to determine the difference between two cryptic species of Hyla treefrogs?

Rank the following isolating mechanisms with respect to their time of occurrence in the reproductive process,from earliest to latest.

Which factor did not contribute to the genetic diversification of the Galápagos Island finches studied by Darwin?

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

Two species have genotypes aaBB and Aabb.Mating between these species leads to F₁ individuals that are sterile due to a Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibility.Therefore,the genotype of the ancestral population could have been