Question 1

The left ventricle in humans is more muscular than the right ventricle because

Accepted Answer

A)  resistance is higher in the systemic circuit. 
B)  resistance is higher in the pulmonary circuit. 
C)  the left ventricle pumps more total blood. 
D)  the left ventricle pumps more viscous blood. 
E)  the lymphatic system empties into the left ventricle. 
A)  resistance is higher in the systemic circuit. 
B)  resistance is higher in the pulmonary circuit. 
C)  the left ventricle pumps more total blood. 
D)  the left ventricle pumps more viscous blood. 
E)  the lymphatic system empties into the left ventricle.

Question 2

A myogenic heart

Accepted Answer

A)  requires nervous stimulation in order to beat. 
B)  has a beat that is initiated within the myocardium. 
C)  is found in humans. 
D)  is found in lobsters. 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  requires nervous stimulation in order to beat. 
B)  has a beat that is initiated within the myocardium. 
C)  is found in humans. 
D)  is found in lobsters. 
E)  Both b and c

Question 3

The blood vessels with valves are

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries and veins. 
B)  arteries,arterioles,veins,and venules. 
C)  capillaries. 
D)  veins. 
E)  venules and arterioles. 
A)  arteries and veins. 
B)  arteries,arterioles,veins,and venules. 
C)  capillaries. 
D)  veins. 
E)  venules and arterioles.

Question 4

A blood pressure reading from a sphygmomanometer is measured in millimeters of mercury.For a reading of 140/100,for example,the first number represents _______ and the second number represents _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  pressure during ventricular contraction;pressure during ventricular relaxation 
B)  pressure during ventricular relaxation;pressure during ventricular contraction 
C)  pressure during ventricular contraction;pressure during atrial contraction 
D)  pressure during atrial contraction;pressure during ventricular contraction 
E)  diastolic pressure;systolic pressure 
A)  pressure during ventricular contraction;pressure during ventricular relaxation 
B)  pressure during ventricular relaxation;pressure during ventricular contraction 
C)  pressure during ventricular contraction;pressure during atrial contraction 
D)  pressure during atrial contraction;pressure during ventricular contraction 
E)  diastolic pressure;systolic pressure

Question 5

Which animal has a circulatory plan in which blood flows from the heart through the breathing-organ circuit,then through the systemic circuit,and then back to the heart?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sockeye salmon 
B)  Polar bear 
C)  Bluebird 
D)  Red-ear slider turtle 
E)  Everglades rat snake 
A)  Sockeye salmon 
B)  Polar bear 
C)  Bluebird 
D)  Red-ear slider turtle 
E)  Everglades rat snake

Question 6

Normal blood is composed of all the following components except

Accepted Answer

A)  platelets. 
B)  plasma. 
C)  arterioles. 
D)  white blood cells. 
E)  red blood cells. 
A)  platelets. 
B)  plasma. 
C)  arterioles. 
D)  white blood cells. 
E)  red blood cells.

Question 7

Which statement about capillaries is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Capillaries are the principle sites in closed circulatory systems where blood releases oxygen,nutrient molecules,and hormones. 
B)  Oxygen must diffuse across 2-10 layers of epithelial cells to exit capillaries and reach its target cells. 
C)  Capillaries are more numerous than arterioles but less numerous than venules. 
D)  The lumen of capillaries is large enough for 2-10 red blood cells to flow adjacent to one another. 
E)  Capillaries are only found near specialized brain and lung cells. 
A)  Capillaries are the principle sites in closed circulatory systems where blood releases oxygen,nutrient molecules,and hormones. 
B)  Oxygen must diffuse across 2-10 layers of epithelial cells to exit capillaries and reach its target cells. 
C)  Capillaries are more numerous than arterioles but less numerous than venules. 
D)  The lumen of capillaries is large enough for 2-10 red blood cells to flow adjacent to one another. 
E)  Capillaries are only found near specialized brain and lung cells.

Question 8

The benefit of having at least a partial separation of pulmonary and systemic circulation is that

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygenated and deoxygenated blood do not mix. 
B)  blood moving to the body tissues is at a higher pressure than it would be if it had flowed directly from the lungs to the body. 
C)  blood moving to the lungs is at a higher pressure than it would be if it had come directly from the body. 
D)  blood moving to the body tissues is at a lower pressure than it would be if it had flowed through the lungs first. 
E)  there are two muscular regions for pumping. 
A)  oxygenated and deoxygenated blood do not mix. 
B)  blood moving to the body tissues is at a higher pressure than it would be if it had flowed directly from the lungs to the body. 
C)  blood moving to the lungs is at a higher pressure than it would be if it had come directly from the body. 
D)  blood moving to the body tissues is at a lower pressure than it would be if it had flowed through the lungs first. 
E)  there are two muscular regions for pumping.

Question 9

Atherosclerosis is hardening of the arteries caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  exposure to radiation. 
B)  red blood cell deposits. 
C)  the removal of cholesterol. 
D)  an increase in muscle cells. 
E)  fatty deposits. 
A)  exposure to radiation. 
B)  red blood cell deposits. 
C)  the removal of cholesterol. 
D)  an increase in muscle cells. 
E)  fatty deposits.

Question 10

Which structure or region in a four-chambered vertebrate heart contains blood with the lowest O2 concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary artery 
B)  Pulmonary vein 
C)  Left atrium 
D)  Aorta 
E)  Arteriole end of a systemic capillary 
A)  Pulmonary artery 
B)  Pulmonary vein 
C)  Left atrium 
D)  Aorta 
E)  Arteriole end of a systemic capillary

Question 11

Blood pressure is _______ osmotic pressure at the venule end of a capillary bed,causing fluids to move _______ the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than;into 
B)  greater than;out of 
C)  lesser than;into 
D)  lesser than;out of 
E)  equal to;into 
A)  greater than;into 
B)  greater than;out of 
C)  lesser than;into 
D)  lesser than;out of 
E)  equal to;into

Question 12

Blockage of a coronary artery can be the direct cause of

Accepted Answer

A)  a heart attack. 
B)  a stroke. 
C)  fainting. 
D)  edema. 
E)  anemia. 
A)  a heart attack. 
B)  a stroke. 
C)  fainting. 
D)  edema. 
E)  anemia.

Question 13

In organisms with a closed circulatory system,the liquid surrounding cells in the body is called _______ fluid.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In organisms with a closed circulatory system,the...

Question 14

Damage to valves in veins would

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the amount of blood returning to the heart. 
B)  result in brain swelling. 
C)  decrease the amount of blood returning to the heart. 
D)  have no effect of blood returning to the heart. 
E)  cause blood to flow to the lung. 
A)  increase the amount of blood returning to the heart. 
B)  result in brain swelling. 
C)  decrease the amount of blood returning to the heart. 
D)  have no effect of blood returning to the heart. 
E)  cause blood to flow to the lung.

Question 15

The most abundant cells in vertebrate blood are

Accepted Answer

A)  erythrocytes. 
B)  leukocytes. 
C)  phagocytes. 
D)  platelets. 
E)  lymphocytes. 
A)  erythrocytes. 
B)  leukocytes. 
C)  phagocytes. 
D)  platelets. 
E)  lymphocytes.

Question 16

Pseudoephedrine is a vasoconstriction drug that is commonly used in cold medications to alleviate nasal congestion.Its mechanism of action most likely involves

Accepted Answer

A)  contraction of arteriole muscle cells. 
B)  relaxation of arteriole muscle cells. 
C)  swelling of red blood cells. 
D)  closing of the valves that lead from capillaries to arterioles. 
E)  formation of additional capillaries when needed. 
A)  contraction of arteriole muscle cells. 
B)  relaxation of arteriole muscle cells. 
C)  swelling of red blood cells. 
D)  closing of the valves that lead from capillaries to arterioles. 
E)  formation of additional capillaries when needed.

Question 17

Oxygenated blood is carried by the

Accepted Answer

A)  aorta. 
B)  pulmonary vein. 
C)  pulmonary artery. 
D)  superior vena cava. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  aorta. 
B)  pulmonary vein. 
C)  pulmonary artery. 
D)  superior vena cava. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 18

Blood is at its lowest pressure in the

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries. 
B)  arterioles. 
C)  capillaries. 
D)  venules. 
E)  veins. 
A)  arteries. 
B)  arterioles. 
C)  capillaries. 
D)  venules. 
E)  veins.

Question 19

An artificial pacemaker can be implanted in patients whose natural pacemaker is malfunctioning,causing an excessively slow or irregular heartbeat.In order for the artificial pacemaker to ensure proper cardiac rhythm,the electrical leads should be implanted

Accepted Answer

A)  in the middle of the left ventricle. 
B)  in the brain. 
C)  in the middle of the aorta. 
D)  in the wall of the right atrium. 
E)  at the atrioventricular node. 
A)  in the middle of the left ventricle. 
B)  in the brain. 
C)  in the middle of the aorta. 
D)  in the wall of the right atrium. 
E)  at the atrioventricular node.

Question 20

In humans,oxygenated blood is transported from the lung to the heart by the

Accepted Answer

A)  pulmonary artery. 
B)  inferior vena cava. 
C)  superior vena cava. 
D)  pulmonary vein. 
E)  coronary artery. 
A)  pulmonary artery. 
B)  inferior vena cava. 
C)  superior vena cava. 
D)  pulmonary vein. 
E)  coronary artery.

Exam 32: Circulation

The left ventricle in humans is more muscular than the right ventricle because

A myogenic heart

The blood vessels with valves are

A blood pressure reading from a sphygmomanometer is measured in millimeters of mercury.For a reading of 140/100,for example,the first number represents _______ and the second number represents _______.

Which animal has a circulatory plan in which blood flows from the heart through the breathing-organ circuit,then through the systemic circuit,and then back to the heart?

Normal blood is composed of all the following components except

Which statement about capillaries is true?

The benefit of having at least a partial separation of pulmonary and systemic circulation is that

Atherosclerosis is hardening of the arteries caused by

Which structure or region in a four-chambered vertebrate heart contains blood with the lowest O2 concentration?

Blood pressure is _______ osmotic pressure at the venule end of a capillary bed,causing fluids to move _______ the blood.

Blockage of a coronary artery can be the direct cause of

In organisms with a closed circulatory system,the liquid surrounding cells in the body is called _______ fluid.

Damage to valves in veins would

The most abundant cells in vertebrate blood are

Pseudoephedrine is a vasoconstriction drug that is commonly used in cold medications to alleviate nasal congestion.Its mechanism of action most likely involves

Oxygenated blood is carried by the

Blood is at its lowest pressure in the

An artificial pacemaker can be implanted in patients whose natural pacemaker is malfunctioning,causing an excessively slow or irregular heartbeat.In order for the artificial pacemaker to ensure proper cardiac rhythm,the electrical leads should be implanted

In humans,oxygenated blood is transported from the lung to the heart by the

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

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Cells: the Working Units of Life

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Filters

A blood pressure reading from a sphygmomanometer is measured in millimeters of mercury.For a reading of 140/100,for example,the first number represents _ and the second number represents _.

Which structure or region in a four-chambered vertebrate heart contains blood with the lowest O₂ concentration?

Blood pressure is _ osmotic pressure at the venule end of a capillary bed,causing fluids to move _ the blood.