Exam 23: Carbohydrates and Nucleic Acids

Draw the Haworth structure of methyl α-D-xylofuranoside.

Draw the Haworth structure of the α-pyranose form of the monosaccharide shown below.

Draw the structure of D-glyceraldehyde.

Compound X is a cyclic six-carbon monosaccharide. In solution, X gives a positive Tollen's test. After X is treated with excess methyl iodide and silver oxide and the resulting material is hydrolized in H₃O⁺, the product has a hydroxyl group only at the C5 position. What is the ring size in compound X?

Provide the structure of the open-chain form of D-galactose.

All chiral D-sugars rotate plane-polarized light ________.

What is the major structural difference between a ribonucleoside and a ribonucleotide?

A D-aldopentose is subjected to Kiliani-Fischer chain lengthening. What products result?

Soyasaponin is a natural product found in soybeans. It is an antioxidant and antiinflammatory compound. Circle the aglycone in soyasaponin.

What is the result of reaction involving D-glyceraldehyde and NaBH₄?

Stereoisomeric aldohexoses that differ in configuration at only a single carbon are ________.

What is the major organic product of the following reaction?

What are the two most common unwanted side reactions which can occur when monosaccharides are treated with base?

Provide the major organic product of the reaction shown below.

Provide the structure of adenosine monophosphate.

Anomers of D-glucopyranose differ in their stereochemistry at ________.

A pyranose with the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon pointing up in the Haworth structure is designated ________.

Provide the structure of cytidine.

Show the Haworth of α-L-fructofuranose and the Fischer diagram of L-fructose.

What reagents are needed to induce the following isomerization?