Question 1

Three body systems work at different speeds to keep the pH in the narrow range of normal.The order of effectiveness for these three systems is:

Accepted Answer

A)  blood buffers,kidneys,and lungs. 
B)  kidneys,lungs,and blood buffers. 
C)  blood buffers,lungs,and kidneys. 
D)  lungs,kidneys,and blood buffers.

Question 2

The nurse encourages a patient who has been vomiting to drink fluids because the body fluid lost daily must match the amount of fluid taken in to maintain homeostasis.The recommended daily amount of water for an adult is about:

Accepted Answer

A)  1000 mL. 
B)  1500 mL. 
C)  2050 mL. 
D)  2500 mL.

Question 3

The nurse uses a diagram to show that fluids in the interstitial and intravascular compartments are combined to form the:

Accepted Answer

A)  intercellular compartment. 
B)  circulating compartment. 
C)  vertical compartment. 
D)  extracellular compartment.

Question 4

Actively transporting electrolytes from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration requires:

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrostatic pressure. 
B)  osmotic pressure. 
C)  blood pressure. 
D)  pulse pressure.

Question 5

The nurse expects an adult with normal kidney function to void a minimum of ____ mL of urine in 4 hours.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse expects an adult with normal...

Question 6

A patient admitted in a state of extreme anxiety has vital signs of: T 98.6° F,P 81,BP 130/86,R 32.The nurse is aware if this hyperventilation continues,the result will be:

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolic acidosis. 
B)  metabolic alkalosis. 
C)  respiratory acidosis. 
D)  respiratory alkalosis.

Question 7

When administering intravenous (IV)fluids,the nurse ensures that the IV fluids are infusing as ordered to prevent dehydration in an adult.Dehydration can become lethal if the patient loses:

Accepted Answer

A)  5% of body fluid. 
B)  10% of body fluid. 
C)  15% of body fluid. 
D)  20% of body fluid.

Question 8

Sodium is the most abundant electrolyte in the body.The location of electrolytes is important for maintaining homeostasis.Sodium is the major electrolyte in which fluid compartment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intracellular 
B)  Intravascular 
C)  Extracellular 
D)  Interstitial

Question 9

When a patient takes substances into the body,they first enter the extracellular compartment.However,to carry out their function they must enter the:

Accepted Answer

A)  horizontal compartment. 
B)  intracellular compartment. 
C)  compartmental. 
D)  vertical compartment.

Exam 22: Fluids and Electrolytes