Question 1

Explain correlational methods and provide two personal examples of correlations in your own life.Hint: Think of two variables in your personal life that are strongly related to each other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain correlational methods and provide two personal...

Question 2

With respect to the nature/nurture debate,psychologists now believe that ________ is/are important in understanding the mind,brain,and behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  nature 
B)  nurture 
C)  both nature and nurture 
D)  neither nature nor nurture

Question 3

Which of the following sampling techniques gives each member of the population an equal chance of being selected to participate?

Accepted Answer

A)  random sampling 
B)  convenience sampling 
C)  random assignment 
D)  a case study

Question 4

A researcher believes that presenting possible suspects in a lineup one at a time instead of in a group would lead to more accurate identification of the true suspect.This belief represents a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis. 
B)  independent variable. 
C)  correlation. 
D)  theory.

Question 5

Gestalt theory is based on the idea that

Accepted Answer

A)  the whole is different from the sum of its parts. 
B)  the environment affects behavior. 
C)  social situations influence behavior. 
D)  science should be used to understand therapy.

Question 6

Functionalism is the school of thought concerned with

Accepted Answer

A)  the structures of the mind. 
B)  the adaptive purposes of the mind and behavior. 
C)  how unconscious conflicts can lead to mental disorders. 
D)  how the presence of others influences behavior.

Question 7

Informed consent means that

Accepted Answer

A)  participants' information must be kept strictly confidential. 
B)  participants must be told about a research study and allowed to choose whether they would like to participate. 
C)  a research study has been reviewed and approved by a group of reviewers based on ethical standards. 
D)  a researcher is not permitted to observe people in public places without their knowledge.

Question 8

Susannah observes the world around her and measures various aspects of it to gain new knowledge.Susannah is learning about the world by using

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive statistics. 
B)  a theory. 
C)  a hypothesis. 
D)  empiricism.

Question 9

Michael Scott wants to conduct a study on the day-to-day behaviors of office workers.He wants to film their behaviors for six years and then analyze the contents of the tapes.Describe three ethical issues that Mr.Scott must consider when conducting research with human subjects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Michael Scott wants to conduct a study...

Question 10

Your nephew is fascinated with human memory and the strategies that help people remember large amounts of information.If he were to become a psychologist,you suspect that he would be best suited for a career in

Accepted Answer

A)  industrial/organizational psychology. 
B)  cognitive psychology or neuroscience. 
C)  developmental psychology. 
D)  clinical psychology.

Question 11

Dr.Stanley would like to find out whether her study guide helps students perform better on exams.She randomly assigns students to one of two groups: Group 1 receives her study guide and Group 2 receives no study guide.Then,after 3 weeks,the performance of each student is measured on an exam.What is the dependent variable in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  the study guide 
B)  the group that did not receive the study guide 
C)  students' performance on the exam 
D)  There is no dependent variable in this study.

Question 12

Wilhelm randomly assigns participants to two groups and compares the group that receives a treatment with the group that receives no treatment.The group that gets the treatment is the ________ group.

Accepted Answer

A)  variable 
B)  confound 
C)  experimental 
D)  control

Question 13

Structuralists used a procedure to investigate the conscious parts of the mind.In this procedure an observer described the simple elements of a mental experience in as much detail as possible.This procedure was called

Accepted Answer

A)  introspection. 
B)  inner perception. 
C)  psychoanalysis. 
D)  individual analysis.

Question 14

Bai is conducting a study on learning.When she manipulates an independent variable,it is possible that some other factor,such as noise in the hall,can affect learning in one of the groups but not in the other.This possibility reflects the presence of

Accepted Answer

A)  a confound. 
B)  a dependent variable. 
C)  selection bias. 
D)  random assignment.

Question 15

If a researcher wants to be able to generalize about a population using data pulled from a sample,it is best to use

Accepted Answer

A)  a convenience sample. 
B)  experience sampling. 
C)  a descriptive study. 
D)  a random sample.

Exam 1: Introducing the World of Psychology