Question 1

Dr.Redbull conducts a study to determine whether her new energy drink helps children perform better on spelling tests.She randomly assigns children to one of two groups: Group 1 receives her energy drink and Group 2 receives water.She then gives both groups a spelling test and compares the results.Which of the following is true about this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Group 1 is the dependent variable and Group 2 is the independent variable. 
B)  The independent variable is the type of drink the children receive. 
C)  Group 2 is the experimental group. 
D)  This is a correlational study.

Question 2

The mayor of Houston is conducting an experiment to determine whether introducing gym classes in certain school districts will lower the rate of childhood obesity.Identify the dependent and independent variables in this study.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The mayor of Houston is conducting an...

Question 3

A model of interconnected ideas that explains what is observed and makes predictions about the future is provided by (a)n

Accepted Answer

A)  theory. 
B)  hypothesis. 
C)  experiment. 
D)  correlation.

Question 4

The psychologist most closely associated with the school of functionalism is

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud. 
B)  Wilhelm Wundt. 
C)  Edward Titchener. 
D)  William James.

Question 5

Allanah has declared psychology as her major.Because of this,Allanah will most likely study

Accepted Answer

A)  the structure and function of the brain. 
B)  mental disorders and their treatment. 
C)  feelings, memory, and other inner states. 
D)  mental activity, behavior, and the brain.

Question 6

The Hawthorne effect refers to changes in behavior associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  reactivity. 
B)  observer bias. 
C)  deception. 
D)  informed consent.

Question 7

A)Describe the nature/nurture debate.
B) Discuss the modern view regarding the nature/ nurture debate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A)Describe the nature/nurture debate.
B) Discuss the modern...

Question 8

According to the textbook,"friendly skepticism" is an important element in a type of reasoning called

Accepted Answer

A)  functionalism. 
B)  introspection. 
C)  structuralism. 
D)  critical thinking.

Question 9

Sean is studying psychology.He decides to use the biological level of analysis to interpret his findings.Sean is most likely examining

Accepted Answer

A)  how depression results in chemical changes in the brain. 
B)  whether a person's personality is stable or changing across the life span. 
C)  how being in a group changes whether a person will engage in illegal behavior. 
D)  how different cultures define mental illness.

Question 10

According to structuralism,the goal of psychology is to

Accepted Answer

A)  uncover the unconscious determinants of behavior. 
B)  focus on observable behavior itself. 
C)  explore the basic elements of the conscious experience. 
D)  identify the purposes of our behavior and mental processes.

Question 11

A drawback to correlational studies is the third variable problem.What does this mean? Use an example to explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A drawback to correlational studies is the...

Question 12

Barry states that psychology is the study of mental activity.Candace remarks that psychology is the science of behavior.Which is the correct evaluation of these two statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  Barry's definition is correct; Candace's definition is incorrect. 
B)  Barry's definition is correct; Candace's definition is correct. 
C)  Taken together, the statements are correct. 
D)  Barry's definition is incorrect; Candace's definition is correct.

Question 13

Investigators who are interested in studying attitudes and would like to gain a lot of information very quickly are likely to use

Accepted Answer

A)  a case study. 
B)  an experiment. 
C)  observation. 
D)  self-reports.

Question 14

A) Discuss the key ideas underlying structuralism and functionalism.
B) Explain how these schools of thought are different from each other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A) Discuss the key ideas underlying structuralism...

Question 15

The person who is most closely associated with the study of the unconscious is

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud. 
B)  William James. 
C)  Wilhelm Wundt. 
D)  B. F. Skinner.

Question 16

The precise way a researcher measures and defines a variable is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  operational definition. 
B)  theory. 
C)  hypothesis. 
D)  independent variable.

Question 17

If you are asked to list all the thoughts and experiences you have while answering a test question,you would be engaging in

Accepted Answer

A)  critical thinking. 
B)  psychoanalysis. 
C)  skepticism. 
D)  introspection.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an example of an interpersonal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  having a fight with your partner 
B)  persuading your boss to give you a day off 
C)  deciding that you should go out more often 
D)  speaking up at a team meeting

Question 19

If a researcher created two groups by assigning the first 30 people to the experimental group and the last 30 people to the control group,this process would

Accepted Answer

A)  lead to a directionality problem. 
B)  lead to a third variable problem. 
C)  violate the principle of random assignment. 
D)  violate the principle of random sampling.

Question 20

Psychological science occurs at which level(s)of analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  biological 
B)  social 
C)  individual 
D)  all of the possible choices are correct.

Exam 1: Introducing the World of Psychology