Question 1

Which of the following would be considered a social category?

Accepted Answer

A) African Americans 
B) a group of soldiers who recently returned from war 
C) neighbors that are both Mexican-American 
D) two friends who are freshmen at the same college 
E) two sisters

Question 2

Max Weber believed the more an organization approaches the ideal type of bureaucracy,the more effective it will be in pursuing the objectives for which it was established.However,he also recognized that bureaucracies can create some negatives such as:

Accepted Answer

A) numerous unofficial ways of doing things because of the lack of flexibility in completing tasks in a bureaucracy 
B) inefficiency because of the strict adherence to rules and regulations that make it difficult to respond to new issues 
C) organizational tension between male authority figures and female subordinates 
D) increasing employee salary costs 
E) employees having difficulty separating family and work life

Question 3

At the University of California,the Alpha Gamma Gamma fraternity always made fun of its rival fraternity,Alpha Sigma Sigma,during rush week when the brothers were recruiting new members.This increased the bonding and sense of loyalty among the members of Alpha Gamma Gamma and therefore we could consider these members:

Accepted Answer

A) an out-group 
B) an in-group 
C) a network 
D) a social category 
E) anti-social

Question 4

The McDonaldization of society refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) the obesity epidemic in American society 
B) the taking over of key authority positions by baby boomers 
C) the increased uniformity and rationality of society due to automation 
D) the phenomenal success of McDonald's restaurants as a model for other companies 
E) the increased number of gated communities in urban and suburban areas

Question 5

Reference groups provide us with:

Accepted Answer

A) the ability to be concerned with accomplishing a task 
B) strict conformity to rigid organizational structures 
C) the impersonal anonymity of modern life 
D) a standard for judging our attitudes and behaviors 
E) an organizational system by which to judge the behaviors of others

Question 6

Which of the following is the best example of a transformational leader?

Accepted Answer

A) a student government president who motivated the students at her college to turn their campus into a "green campus" 
B) a student government president who made sure the treasurer accounted for all the money spent by the student government at her college 
C) a student government president who expanded the campus recycling program to include paper as well as metal 
D) a student government president who most students really liked 
E) a student government president who ignored what most of the students on campus wanted and did what she wanted

Question 7

The group a person uses to measure his or her own social worth is called:

Accepted Answer

A) a reference group 
B) a social aggregate 
C) a peer group 
D) a secondary group 
E) a family

Question 8

Every Sunday,Janet,Laneitha,and Margaret get together for lunch,and Janet usually decides which restaurant they will eat at.However,one Sunday,Laneitha and Margaret told Janet they wanted to try a new restaurant in town.Laneitha and Margaret formed a:

Accepted Answer

A) rift between the triad 
B) negative relationship 
C) dyad 
D) coalition or alliance 
E) threat to group stability

Question 9

Every Friday,Google,Inc.,encourages all of its employees to attend a speaker series in which authors,athletes,and other famous and inspiring people speak.This weekly corporate event is an example of a management trend known as:

Accepted Answer

A) employee perks 
B) human resources management 
C) corporate culture 
D) socialism 
E) corporatism

Question 10

Tanya is the CEO of Digi-Corp,a corporation that specializes in computer software.The corporation has made a substantial profit since Tanya became CEO and hired new software designers.What type of leader is Tanya?

Accepted Answer

A) bureaucratic 
B) transactional 
C) transformational 
D) network 
E) mechanistic

Question 11

According to Irving Janis,what is groupthink? Why can groupthink lead to bad decisions by otherwise smart and strong-willed individuals? Provide a historical example in your explanation of groupthink.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Irving Janis,what is groupthink? Why...

Question 12

According to Georg Simmel,an important aspect of groups is:

Accepted Answer

A) as group size decreases, their intensity and exclusivity decrease 
B) as group size increases, their stability and intensity increase 
C) as group size increases, their intensity decreases, but their stability and exclusivity increase 
D) group size has little impact on stability over time; what matters is the common goal of the group 
E) group size has little impact on stability over time; what matters is the personality of group members

Question 13

The rich and varied group life of societies reflects:

Accepted Answer

A) how dependent we are on transactional leaders 
B) our need to congregate and belong 
C) how we tend to live in social isolation 
D) our natural tendency to exclude others 
E) that most people do not have a self-identity

Question 14

Compare transformational leadership and transactional leadership.Give an example of each from your own experience or from your knowledge of history.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare transformational leadership and transactional leadership.Give an...

Question 15

According to Robert Michels's concept of the "iron law of oligarchy":

Accepted Answer

A) Societies dominated by large-scale organizations will turn us all into machines. 
B) In large-scale organizations, power is inevitably concentrated at the top. 
C) Power is concentrated at the bottom in large-scale organizations. 
D) Large-scale organizations will become more concentrated until there are only a few organizations. 
E) Power is evenly distributed in large-scale organizations.

Question 16

According to human resources management theory,which of the following is central to a company's competitiveness?

Accepted Answer

A) employee dedication to the company and its product 
B) a company mascot 
C) employee autonomy from the company 
D) telecommuting 
E) bottom-up decision making

Question 17

At Digi-Corp,each employee receives an employee manual outlining the rules on how employees and managers should work together and interact.These rules are referred to as the __________ between employee and manager.

Accepted Answer

A) formal relations 
B) informal relations 
C) primary groups 
D) surveillance 
E) flexible rules

Question 18

According to Max Weber's ideal type of bureaucracy:

Accepted Answer

A) There is a set of rules that govern the conduct of officials at all levels of the organization. 
B) There is a lot of room for innovation. 
C) Each job has a salary that is negotiable. 
D) Ownership is in the hands of the workers. 
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 19

Juan and Sally got divorced after three years of marriage and both moved on to establish new relationships.Their divorce demonstrates that dyads are fragile social groups because:

Accepted Answer

A) if one person leaves, the group disappears 
B) one member can hurt the other 
C) they do not require individuals to stay in the relationship 
D) the relationships are too intense 
E) they do not last if they do not get support from others outside the relationship

Question 20

The football team at Three Rivers High School wanted to steal the mascot-a horse-of the opposing team before the big homecoming game.Even though the captain of the football team knew the players would likely get caught and suspended by the principal,he agreed to steal the mascot.Why did the captain of the team agree to steal the mascot?

Accepted Answer

A) The football captain was a transformational leader and convinced the players it would work even when common sense told them it would not. 
B) The groupthink of the football team made him uncomfortable, but he felt it was more important that there not be dissension before the homecoming game. 
C) The team captain feared that he would no longer be accepted in his social group for breaking expectations. 
D) The team captain and the players were part of the same primary group and wanted to think and play as a "we." 
E) As a nonconformist, the team captain rejected the authority of the school principal.

Exam 5: Groups, Networks, and Organizations