Question 1

Stanley Milgram's study demonstrated that even in extraordinary situations,ordinary people will:

Accepted Answer

A)  conform to the directives of transformative leaders
B)  resist authority
C)  obey those in positions of power
D)  exclude others
E)  conform to the directives of transactional leaders C

Question 2

At the Symantec Corporation,a majority of the decisions were made by the CEO,the president,and the vice president,with little decision-making power given to upper-level managers or other employers.This type of concentration of power among a few people in an organization is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  oligarchy
B)  corporate concentration
C)  capitalism
D)  anarchy
E)  bureaucracy A

Question 3

In general,nonwhites tend to have ________ ties within networks than whites.

Accepted Answer

A)  weaker
B)  more familial
C)  more consistent
D)  more social
E)  stronger A

Question 4

In the absence of the physical and social cues involved in traditional face-to-face interactions,the Internet fosters the creation of relationships that:

Accepted Answer

A)  are often misleading and lead to hurt feelings
B)  are built on common interests rather than social characteristics such as race and gender
C)  are lasting and enduring
D)  are based on being members of the same social category
E)  all of the above

Question 5

Formal organizations:

Accepted Answer

A)  are organized in ways that allow power to be evenly distributed within the organization
B)  are often flexible in the application of their rules, regulations, and procedures due to their size
C)  have risen to prominence in modern societies largely because we do not spend much time with our families anymore
D)  are rationally designed to achieve their objectives
E)  none of the above

Question 6

The imbalance of gender roles in organizations demonstrates that modern organizations have:

Accepted Answer

A)  encouraged women to stay home
B)  found men to be better at following written rules and procedures
C)  have developed in a gendered way
D)  found maternity to be too expensive
E)  had a difficult time recruiting women

Question 7

People in modern societies depend on organizations to:

Accepted Answer

A)  tell us how to act and behave
B)  make us feel connected to others
C)  take care of everything, including how we are born, our daily supply of running water, and even the way we die
D)  educate and employ us, but little else
E)  all of the above

Question 8

How do the studies conducted by Solomon Asch,Stanley Milgram,and Irving Janis help us understand conformity? Pick one of these studies and explain how you think you would have responded as a subject in the study.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do the studies conducted by Solomon...

Question 9

Many of the organizations we see in modern society today have the hierarchical structure that Max Weber argued characterizes modern organizations.However,today many organizations are changing to a more __________ structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  free-flowing
B)  horizontal
C)  formal
D)  bottom-up
E)  cyclical

Question 10

Which of the following is a social group?

Accepted Answer

A)  a brother and sister
B)  everyone in your sociology class who has blond hair
C)  people waiting at Terminal C for Flight 181
D)  passengers on a cruise ship
E)  Apple stockholders

Question 11

Which of the following is an advantage of telecommuting?

Accepted Answer

A)  Workers are not wasting time with the kind of casual interaction that occurs around water coolers.
B)  Women have more time to devote to domestic chores.
C)  Workers can cheat on their time cards and say they worked more hours than they really did.
D)  It creates a two-strata employment system of technology experts and less autonomous clerical workers.
E)  It eliminates the time spent commuting to and from work.

Question 12

Give an example of a dyad,a triad,and a larger group.In which groups are the relationships more intense? In which are they more stable? Use your examples to explain why.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Give an example of a dyad,a triad,and...

Question 13

When a group of people share common characteristics such as gender or ethnicity,the group is labeled a:

Accepted Answer

A)  social network
B)  social group
C)  social category
D)  social aggregate
E)  society

Question 14

John Meyer and Brian Rowan found that the formal procedures in a bureaucracy are often:

Accepted Answer

A)  myths that people profess to follow but that have little basis in reality
B)  outdated and need revision
C)  identical to the practices adopted by members of the organization
D)  understood to be the "right" way to do things
E)  ignored by most members of the organization

Question 15

Of the following,which is NOT a principle of George Ritzer's theory of the McDonaldization of society?

Accepted Answer

A)  efficiency
B)  calculability
C)  dependability
D)  uniformity
E)  control through automation

Question 16

Max Weber was the first to develop a systematic interpretation of:

Accepted Answer

A)  conformity
B)  primary groups
C)  modern organizations
D)  secondary groups
E)  social capital

Question 17

The Stanley Milgram study demonstrated that people are willing to obey authority:

Accepted Answer

A)  regardless of the pain they might inflict on others
B)  only when they feel that the authority figure is part of their primary group
C)  when the authority figure is part of their reference group
D)  if the orders do not have negative consequences for other people
E)  only when they agree with what the authority figure is asking them to do

Question 18

Which of the following would be an example of why a person would want to be part of a secondary group?

Accepted Answer

A)  to find his or her soul mate
B)  to have a sense of closeness and camaraderie
C)  to associate with people who care about the person and his or her future
D)  to appreciate the importance of sacrificing individual needs for the group's goals
E)  to accomplish a specific goal, such as graduating from college

Question 19

Which of the following is a social aggregate?

Accepted Answer

A)  your family
B)  middle-class Asian American women
C)  people waiting at Terminal C for Flight 205
D)  Facebook friends
E)  a couple who have been dating for a year

Question 20

Shelley spends most of her time at school and work,which leaves her with little time to socialize with her family and friends.Lately,Shelley is feeling socially isolated because she:

Accepted Answer

A)  is working too hard
B)  has friends and family who do not understand her time commitments
C)  does not like the people at school and work
D)  is interacting mostly with people in secondary groups, which tend to be large and produce impersonal relationships
E)  is neglecting her most important relationships

Exam 5: Groups, Networks, and Organizations