Question 1

The first scientist(s) to suggest a mode of replication for DNA was (were)

Accepted Answer

A)   Linus and Pauling.
B)   Hershey and Chase.
C)   Rosalind Franklin.
D)   Watson and Crick.
E)   Meselson and Stahl. D

Question 2

The polymerase chain reaction requires

Accepted Answer

A)   one specific DNA oligonucleotide as a primer.
B)   single stranded DNA as template.
C)   a heat resistant RNA polymerase.
D)   cyclical denaturation and annealing of double stranded DNA.
E)   primase. D

Question 3

In order to show that DNA in cell extracts is responsible for genetic transformation in pneumococcus, important corroborating evidence should indicate that _______ also destroyed transforming activity.

Accepted Answer

A)   enzymes that hydrolyzed proteins
B)   enzymes that hydrolyzed DNA
C)   enzymes that hydrolyzed polysaccharides
D)   boiling
E)   enzymes that hydrolyze RNA B

Question 4

The molecules that function to replicate DNA in the cell are

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA nucleoside triphosphates.
B)   DNA polymerases.
C)   nucleoside polymerases.
D)   DNAses.
E)   ribonucleases.

Question 5

Using Meselson and Stahl's experimental system for studying the mode of replication of DNA, researchers analyze the genetic information from a life-form from Mars. After the first round of replication, they see two distinct bands in the cesium chloride gradient. This finding is consistent with the principle of _______ replication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using Meselson and Stahl's experimental system for...

Question 6

Diagram a replication fork as it would be seen in a replicating segment of DNA. In your diagram, label the 5´ and 3´ ends of each parent strand and daughter strand. Indicate which new strand is the leading strand and which is the lagging strand of the daughter DNA.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Diagram a replication fork as it would...

Question 7

Based on your diagram in Question 3, construct a flowchart of DNA replication. Divide your chart into three parts: initiation, elongation, and termination of replication. Indicate the roles of helicase, DNA polymerase, single-stranded DNA binding proteins, nucleotides, parental (template) DNA strands, DNA ligase, RNA primase, RNA primers, and the sliding clamp protein.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on your diagram in Question 3,...

Question 8

The enzyme that unwinds the DNA prior to replication is called

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA polymerase III.
B)   DNA ligase.
C)   single-stranded DNA binding protein.
D)   primase.
E)   helicase.

Question 9

Griffith was able to distinguish the two strains of pneumococcus by means of

Accepted Answer

A)   the appearance of the colonies in culture.
B)   differences in their lethality in mice.
C)   their sizes.
D)   their odors.
E)   Both a and b

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct order of events for synthesis of the lagging strand?

Accepted Answer

A)   Primase adds RNA primer, DNA polymerase III creates a stretch, DNA polymerase I removes the primer, and ligase seals the gaps.
B)   Primase adds primer, DNA polymerase I removes the primer, DNA polymerase III extends the segment, and ligase seals the gap.
C)   Ligase adds bases to the primase, the primase generates polymerase I, polymerase III adds to the stretch, helicase winds the DNA.
D)   Helicase unwinds the DNA, primase creates a primer, DNA polymerase I elongates the stretch, DNA polymerase III removes the primer, and ligase seals the gaps in the DNA.
E)   None of the above

Question 11

In addition to showing that DNA carries genetic information, the experiments of Avery, McCleod, and McCarty demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)   eukaryotic cells may be genetically transformed.
B)   DNA is a double helix.
C)   DNA may be taken up by bacterial cells and be active.
D)   DNA binds to the cell wall of the bacterium.
E)   DNA is present in bacteriophage.

Question 12

In semiconservative replication of DNA,

Accepted Answer

A)   the original double helix remains intact and a new double helix forms.
B)   the strands of the double helix separate and act as templates for new strands.
C)   polymerization is catalyzed by RNA polymerase.
D)   polymerization is catalyzed by a double-helical enzyme.
E)   DNA is synthesized from amino acids.

Question 13

Mutations are

Accepted Answer

A)   heritable changes in the sequence of DNA bases that produce an observable phenotype.
B)   heritable changes in the sequence of DNA bases.
C)   mistakes in the incorporation of amino acids into proteins.
D)   heritable changes in the mRNA of an organism.
E)   None of the above

Question 14

The nitrogenous bases classified as pyrimidines are _______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nitrogenous bases classified as pyrimidines are...

Question 15

The fragments of RNA and DNA found on the lagging strand of DNA before RNA removal and ligation are called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fragments of RNA and DNA found...

Question 16

The 5' end of a DNA strand

Accepted Answer

A)   is part of the template strand during DNA replication.
B)   does not contain a phosphate group on the ribose.
C)   is part of the growing strand during DNA replication.
D)   is the end of both strands of DNA in a double helix.
E)   could contain the base, uridine.

Question 17

When the lagging daughter strand of DNA is synthesized, unreplicated gaps are formed on the parental DNA. Lagging strand synthesis fills these gaps by

Accepted Answer

A)   synthesizing short Okazaki fragments in a 5´-to-3´ direction.
B)   synthesizing multiple short RNA primers to initiate DNA replication.
C)   using DNA polymerase I to remove RNA primers from Okazaki fragments.
D)   filling in those gaps with new strands of complementary DNA as the replication fork proceeds.
E)   All of the above

Question 18

Diagram the double helix. Be sure to label those properties that make it most suited as the genetic material.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Diagram the double helix. Be sure to...

Question 19

An automated process that makes multiple copies of short regions of DNA in a test tube is called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An automated process that makes multiple copies...

Question 20

Kornberg showed that new DNA molecules can be synthesized in a test tube containing deoxyribose

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleoside monophosphates.
B)   nucleoside diphosphates.
C)   nucleoside triphosphates.
D)   nucleotide diphosphates.
E)   nucleotide triphosphates.

Exam 13: Dna and Its Role in Heredity