Question 1

Which is a major drawback of asexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low genetic diversity 
B)  Increased mortality 
C)  Increased hybrid vigor 
D)  Time spent mating 
E)  Increased adaptability to changing environments

Question 2

Create flowcharts for both spermatogenesis and oogenesis that show how ploidy changes from germ cell to mature gamete.Be sure to label each stage of gamete formation (e.g., spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte, etc.) and include its ploidy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Create flowcharts for both spermatogenesis and oogenesis...

Question 3

A human female has the most primary oocytes in her ovaries

Accepted Answer

A)  at birth. 
B)  just before puberty. 
C)  early in her fertile years. 
D)  midway through her fertile years. 
E)  at menopause.

Question 4

Which event occurs last in the differentiation and maturation of spermatids into spermatozoa?

Accepted Answer

A)  Loss of cytoplasm 
B)  Development of a flagellum 
C)  Shedding of sperm into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule 
D)  Formation of an acrosome 
E)  Aggregation of mitochondria in the midpiece

Question 5

The ejaculatory duct

Accepted Answer

A)  is located at the tip of the penis. 
B)  stores sperm. 
C)  bypasses the prostate gland. 
D)  is formed by the union of the paired vas deferens and ducts from the seminal vesicles. 
E)  transports sperm from the testes to the epididymis.

Question 6

Refer to the figure showing oogenesis.  From this figure, one can conclude that the diploid number of chromosomes of this organism is _______, and the first cells shown that are haploid are the cells labeled _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  2n = 2; 4 and 5 
B)  2n = 4; 2 and 3 
C)  2n = 4; 4 and 5 
D)  2n = 8; 2 and 3 
E)  2n = 8; 4 and 5

Question 7

A major evolutionary step that allowed the first reptiles to succeed on land was development of the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A major evolutionary step that allowed the...

Question 8

Which method of contraception has the highest failure rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spermicidal jelly 
B)  Diaphragm 
C)  Intrauterine device (IU
D)  
D)  Oral hormones ("the pill") 
E)  Hormones administered by injection, patches, and rings

Question 9

Which characterizes asexually reproducing animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are typically vertebrates. 
B)  They are often motile instead of sessile (attached to substrate). 
C)  Siblings are genetically different from parents. 
D)  They generate genetic diversity within a population. 
E)  Populations have difficulty adapting to environmental change.

Question 10

Refer to the graph showing the hormones involved in pregnancy and childbirth.  If a woman has a miscarriage in the second month of her pregnancy, she will begin menstruating again in the following months because the hormone represented by the curve labeled A in the graph is no longer present.Its absence will also result in the degeneration of the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the graph showing the hormones...

Question 11

Why might species-specific recognition molecules of sperm and ova be more important in species with external fertilization than in those with internal fertilization?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why might species-specific recognition molecules of sperm...

Question 12

Refer to the figure showing male reproductive hormones.  When a boy reaches puberty, the hypothalamus (structure 1) becomes less sensitive to inhibition by testosterone.As a result, the levels of several hormones, including GnRH, LH, FSH, and testosterone, _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure showing male reproductive...

Question 13

Endometriosis is a painful condition in which tissue from the lining of the uterus occurs outside the uterine cavity, such as on the ovaries or the outside surface of the uterus.To reach the abdominal cavity, the endometrial tissue must have moved out through the open ends of the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Endometriosis is a painful condition in which...

Question 14

If the hypothalamus in a human male does not produce sufficient GnRH, the

Accepted Answer

A)  man will make functional sperm but is unable to ejaculate. 
B)  man's sperm will lack functional flagella. 
C)  fluid that usually lubricates the man's urethra for sperm travel will be defective. 
D)  man's semen will lack the fructose fuel required for the sperm to swim. 
E)  man's Leydig cells will not make the testosterone necessary to stimulate spermatogenesis.

Question 15

While examining histological sections derived from the ovaries of human females at various life stages, you come across a slide from the prenatal period.Which stages in egg development would you see on this slide?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oogonia only 
B)  Oogonia and primary oocytes 
C)  Secondary oocytes 
D)  Primary oocytes only 
E)  Ova

Question 16

When collecting sea urchins for an experiment on fertilization that you will conduct back in your lab, you carefully put each sea urchin into a separate container of seawater on a bed of seaweed.The main reason for isolating the individuals is that, if carried together in a single container,

Accepted Answer

A)  they are likely to cannibalize each other. 
B)  they are likely to infect each other with parasites they are carrying. 
C)  one sea urchin spawning will likely induce the others to spawn. 
D)  it will be more difficult to sex the individuals. 
E)  they are likely to fight as they defend their own territories.

Question 17

The behavior that transfers sperm into the female's reproductive tract is called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The behavior that transfers sperm into the...

Question 18

Which part of a mammalian egg is functionally similar to the vitelline envelope of a sea urchin egg?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cumulus 
B)  Plasma membrane 
C)  Zona pellucida 
D)  Cytoplasm 
E)  Jelly coat

Question 19

A physician examines a couple seeking to conceive and discovers that the man's sperm count is sufficient and his sperm can penetrate eggs, but that the woman has scar tissue blocking both of her oviducts.Which procedure would the physician most likely recommend to this couple?

Accepted Answer

A)  In vitro fertilization (IVF) 
B)  Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PG
D)  
C)  Artificial insemination 
D)  Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) 
E)  Hormone therapy involving progesterone

Question 20

Which statement about asexual reproduction is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It occurs in some invertebrates but is not found in any vertebrate species. 
B)  Asexually reproducing species tend to live in variable environments. 
C)  Asexually reproducing species can adapt more quickly to environmental change than sexually reproducing species. 
D)  Asexual reproduction is more energy efficient than sexual reproduction. 
E)  Female tammar wallabies use a form of asexual reproduction when they become pregnant immediately after giving birth.

Exam 42: Animal Reproduction