Question 1

Prevention of hearing impairment in children is a major goal for the nurse.How can this be best achieved?

Accepted Answer

A)   Being involved in immunization clinics for children.
B)   Assessing a newborn for hearing loss.
C)   Answering parents' questions about hearing aids.
D)   Participating in hearing screening in the community. A

Question 2

A 9 year old diagnosed with Down syndrome is mainstreamed into a regular third-grade class for part of the school day.His mother asks the school nurse about programs such as Cub Scouts that he might join.The nurse's recommendation should be based on what knowledge?

Accepted Answer

A)   Programs such as Cub Scouts are inappropriate for children who are cognitively impaired.
B)   Children with Down syndrome have the same need for socialization as other children.
C)   Children with Down syndrome socialize better with children who have similar disabilities.
D)   Parents of children with Down syndrome encourage programs such as scouting because they deny that their children have disabilities. B

Question 3

What term is used to identify the most common type of hearing loss,which results from interference of transmission of sound to the middle ear?

Accepted Answer

A)   Conductive
B)   Sensorineural
C)   Mixed conductive-sensorineural
D)   Central auditory imperceptive A

Question 4

The nurse is discussing sexuality with the parents of an adolescent with moderate cognitive impairment.Which should the nurse consider when dealing with this issue?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sterilization is recommended for any adolescent with cognitive impairment.
B)   Sexual drive and interest are limited in individuals with cognitive impairment.
C)   Individuals with cognitive impairment need a well-defined, concrete code of sexual conduct.
D)   Sexual intercourse rarely occurs unless the individual with cognitive impairment is sexually abused.

Question 5

What intervention should the nurse implement when noting gross bleeding in a child's eye after being hit in the eye?

Accepted Answer

A)   Apply a Fox shield.
B)   Instruct the adolescent to apply ice for 24 hours.
C)   Have adolescent rest with eye closed and heat applied.
D)   Notify parents that adolescent needs to see an ophthalmologist.

Question 6

A nurse is preparing a teaching session for parents on the prevention of childhood hearing loss.The nurse identify what as being the most common cause of hearing impairment in children?

Accepted Answer

A)   Auditory nerve damage
B)   Congenital ear defects
C)   Congenital rubella
D)   Chronic otitis media

Question 7

A child with autism is hospitalized with asthma.The nurse should plan care so that the:

Accepted Answer

A)   parents' expectations are met.
B)   child's routine habits and preferences are maintained.
C)   child is supported through the autistic crisis.
D)   parents need not be at the hospital.

Question 8

Which statement accurately describes fragile X syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a chromosome defect affecting only females.
B)   It is a chromosome defect that follows the pattern of X-linked recessive disorders.
C)   It is the second most common genetic cause of cognitive impairment.
D)   It is the most common cause of noninherited cognitive impairment.

Question 9

A nurse is preparing to perform a dressing change on a 6-year-old child with mild cognitive impairment (CI)who sustained a minor burn.Which strategy should the nurse use to prepare the child for this procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Verbally explain what will be done.
B)   Have the child watch a video on dressing changes.
C)   Demonstrate a dressing change on a doll.
D)   Explain the importance of keeping the burn area clean.

Question 10

The nurse is talking with a 10 year old who wears bilateral hearing aids.The left hearing aid is making an annoying whistling sound that the child cannot hear.What is the most appropriate nursing action to address this issue?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ignore the sound.
B)   Ask the child to reverse the hearing aids.
C)   Suggest that the child reinsert the hearing aid.
D)   Suggest that the child raise the volume of the hearing aid.

Question 11

What should the nurse keep in mind when planning to communicate with a child who is diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Accepted Answer

A)   The child has normal verbal communication.
B)   The child is expected to use sign language.
C)   The child may exhibit monotone speech and echolalia.
D)   The child is not listening if he/she is not looking at the nurse.

Question 12

Which term refers to opacity of the crystalline lens that prevents light rays from entering the eye and refracting on the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)   Myopia
B)   Amblyopia
C)   Cataract
D)   Glaucoma

Question 13

Which interventions should the nurse plan when caring for a child with a visual impairment? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Touch the child upon entering the room before speaking.
B)   Keep items in the room in the same location.
C)   Describe the placement of the eating utensils on the meal tray.
D)   Use color examples to describe something to a child who has been blind since birth.
E)   Identify noises for the child.

Question 14

The nurse is talking to the parent of a 13-month-old child.The mother states,"My child does not make noises like 'da' or 'na' like my sister's baby,who is only 9 months old." Which statement by the nurse would be most appropriate to make?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I am going to request a referral to a hearing specialist."
B)   "You should not compare your child to your sister's child."
C)   "I think your child is fine, but we will check again in 3 months."
D)   "You should ask other parents what noises their children made at this age."

Question 15

A child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia.The nurse should plan which priority intervention when caring for the child?

Accepted Answer

A)   Maintain a structured routine and keep stimulation to a minimum.
B)   Place the child in a room with a roommate of the same age.
C)   Maintain frequent touch and eye contact with the child.
D)   Take the child frequently to the playroom to play with other children.

Question 16

The child diagnosed with Down syndrome should be evaluated for which characteristic before participating in some sports?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hyperflexibility
B)   Cutis marmorata
C)   Atlantoaxial instability
D)   Speckling of iris (Brushfield's spots)

Question 17

The school nurse is caring.What emergency treatment is appropriate for a child with a penetrating eye injury?

Accepted Answer

A)   Applying a regular eye patch.
B)   Applying a Fox shield to the affected eye and any type of patch to the other eye.
C)   Applying ice until the physician is seen.
D)   Irrigating the eye copiously with a sterile saline solution.

Question 18

An adolescent male visits his primary care provider complaining of difficulty with his vision.When the nurse asks the adolescent to explain what visual deficits he/she is experiencing,the adolescent states,"I am having difficulty seeing distant objects; they are less clear than things that are close." What disorder does the nurse suspect the adolescent has?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hyphema
B)   Astigmatism
C)   Amblyopia
D)   Myopia

Question 19

A nurse would suspect possible visual impairment in a child who displays:

Accepted Answer

A)   excessive rubbing of the eyes.
B)   rapid lateral movement of the eyes.
C)   delay in speech development.
D)   lack of interest in casual conversation with peers.

Question 20

Which statement by a parent about a child's conjunctivitis indicates that further teaching is needed?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I'll have separate towels and washcloths for each family member."
B)   "I'll notify my doctor if the eye gets redder or the drainage increases."
C)   "When the eye drainage improves, we'll stop giving the antibiotic ointment."
D)   "After taking the antibiotic for 24 hours, my child can return to school."

Exam 37: Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family