Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a reason that African-American children have historically scored an average of 15 points lower than European-American children?

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic heritage of each group 
B)  unequal education 
C)  African Americans, as a group, more likely to be impoverished. 
D)  the assumptions, biases, and content of standard IQ tests

Question 2

Malnutrition and exposure to lead,PCBs,and other toxins early in childhood can cause a(n)__________ intellectual disability.

Accepted Answer

A)  organic 
B)  familial 
C)  systemic 
D)  endogeneous

Question 3

Studies of individuals who "drop-out" of school suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  IQ and number of years in school are not related. 
B)  individuals who drop out of school may reduce their adult IQ. 
C)  intelligence is primarily inherited and is not related to schooling. 
D)  students who "drop-out" of a poor school increase their adult IQ.

Question 4

Which of the following skills would be most difficult for an artificial intelligence system to do?

Accepted Answer

A)  beat a world champion chess player 
B)  harmonize music 
C)  predict the weather 
D)  decipher a sentence of misspelled words

Question 5

Concerning the expert systems within artificial intelligence,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Expert systems have been used to analyze geological formations, play chess, read, and tell when to buy and sell stocks. 
B)  Expert systems were developed by converting complex skills into clearly stated rules that a computer can follow. 
C)  Expert systems are programmed to respond as a human expert would. 
D)  Expert systems are useful for providing an organized description of events, but not for the prediction or diagnosis of conditions or events.

Question 6

Phenylketonuria (PKU)is linked to low levels of which chemical messenger in the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine 
B)  histamine 
C)  acetylcholine 
D)  GABA

Question 7

The occurrence of which of the following conditions shows that extraordinary abilities can exist apart from general intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Klinefelter's syndrome 
B)  schizotypal personality 
C)  savant syndrome 
D)  familial intellectual disability

Question 8

Kaylynn was diagnosed with a moderate intellectual disability,lives in a supervised apartment,and works in a special simplified work environments called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent employment facility. 
B)  limited skills facility. 
C)  adaptive behaviors workshop. 
D)  sheltered workshop.

Question 9

Regarding the twin studies on intelligence,twins who develop from a single egg and have the exact same genes are known as __________ twins.

Accepted Answer

A)  dizygotic 
B)  fraternal 
C)  identical 
D)  non-identical

Question 10

Abe has an IQ of 60 with both his older brother and sister also being diagnosed with a mild intellectual disability.Abe and his sibling come from a very poor household where nutrition,intellectual stimulation,medical care,and emotional support are inadequate.Abe and his siblings most likely have intellectual disabilities that have a(n)__________ cause.

Accepted Answer

A)  organic 
B)  metabolic 
C)  familial 
D)  teratogenic

Question 11

People can be "word smart," "number smart," "picture smart," musically smart," "body smart," "self smart," "people smart," and/or "nature smart," according to

Accepted Answer

A)  Alfred Binet. 
B)  Howard Gardner. 
C)  David Wechsler. 
D)  Lewis Terman.

Question 12

Regarding intelligence,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genes are fixed at birth. 
B)  There is probably no limit to how far down intelligence can go in an extremely poor environment. 
C)  Heredity does seem to impose upper limits on IQ, even under ideal conditions. 
D)  Most psychologists believe that education and training are not major factors in intelligence.

Question 13

Regarding fragile X syndrome,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fragile X syndrome is hereditary and does run in families. 
B)  More females than males have fragile X syndrome. 
C)  Physically, those with fragile X syndrome tend to be larger than average during childhood but are smaller than average after adolescence. 
D)  When learning adaptive behaviors, persons with fragile X syndrome tend to do better with daily living skills than with language and social skills.

Question 14

Ray Friedman and his colleagues administered a 20-item test to African-American and European-American students before and during the presidential election of Barack Obama.According to Friedman,President Obama is inspiring better academic performance because the African-American students performed

Accepted Answer

A)  better than the European-American students both before and during the election. 
B)  poorer than the European-American students before the election and just as well as the European-Americans during the election. 
C)  poorer than the European-American students before the election and significantly better than the European-American students during the election. 
D)  poorer than the European-American students before and during the election, but showed a significantly higher self-esteem during the election than before.

Question 15

Which of the following kinds of skills is measured by traditional IQ tests as well as being a part of Gardner's multiple intelligences?

Accepted Answer

A)  interpersonal skills 
B)  musical skills 
C)  bodily-kinesthetic skills 
D)  visual and spatial skills

Question 16

Which hereditary cause of intellectual disability affects male children at a rate of about 1 out of every 3800 males with up to three-fourths of individuals with this disorder also suffering from hyperactivity and attention disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrocephaly 
B)  cretinism 
C)  phenylketonuria (PKU) 
D)  fragile X syndrome

Question 17

Compared to adopted children who grow up in low socioeconomic status (SES)homes,adopted children who grow up in high SES homes develop

Accepted Answer

A)  a self-centered arrogant personality. 
B)  higher IQs. 
C)  the same personality regardless of the SES. 
D)  the same IQ regardless of the SES.

Question 18

Which of the following statements BEST reflects the beliefs of most psychologists regarding intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hereditary factors contribute approximately 90 percent, environment 10 percent. 
B)  Environmental factors solely determine intelligence. 
C)  Intelligence is completely pre-determined by genetic factors. 
D)  Intelligence encompasses both genetic and environmental contributions.

Question 19

Which of the following is a genetic disease that can be detected in newborn babies by routine medical testing with the resulting intellectual disability being prevented by placing the child on a diet low in a substance the child's body can't handle?

Accepted Answer

A)  phenylketonuria (PKU) 
B)  fragile X syndrome 
C)  Down syndrome 
D)  cretinism

Question 20

The effects of Feuerstein's Instrumental Enrichment program in which students learn how to problem solve and avoid flaws in their thinking would be a good example of how which of the following intelligences can be improved?

Accepted Answer

A)  reflective intelligence 
B)  kinesthetic intelligence 
C)  experiential intelligence 
D)  neural intelligence

Exam 9: B: Intelligence