Question 1

Which of the following is another example of trial-and-error thinking that may work if the number of alternatives is small and involves trying all possibilities in a more or less arbitrary or unsystematic order?

Accepted Answer

A)  pragmatics 
B)  heuristics 
C)  random search strategy 
D)  insight

Question 2

Which type of meaning is included in the connotative meaning of a word?

Accepted Answer

A)  personal 
B)  dictionary definition 
C)  syntactical 
D)  algorithmic

Question 3

The mental processing of images,concepts,words,rules,and symbols best defines

Accepted Answer

A)  brainstorming. 
B)  insight. 
C)  cognition. 
D)  proxemics.

Question 4

Jabar will be participating in a piano competition.On the flight to this competition,one could see Jabar slightly moving his fingers on the food tray as if he were playing the musical composition he will be presenting at the competition.To practice for this competition,Jabar is using

Accepted Answer

A)  illusionary figures. 
B)  synaesthesia. 
C)  kinesthetic imagery. 
D)  eidetic imagery.

Question 5

Regarding the use of mental imagery,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  People with good imaging abilities tend to score higher on tests of creativity, even if they are blind. 
B)  To give original answers, you will probably need to use created images. 
C)  Mental rotation is partly based on imagined movements. 
D)  Because mental images are flat, like a photograph, most people find it very difficult to enlarge mental images of objects in their minds.

Question 6

The either/or quality of disjunctive concepts makes them

Accepted Answer

A)  hard to learn. 
B)  easy to learn. 
C)  a relational rule. 
D)  a prototypical rule.

Question 7

A motorcycle must have two wheels and an engine and handlebars.Thus,a motorcycle is considered a __________ concept.

Accepted Answer

A)  conjunctive 
B)  prototypical 
C)  disjunctive 
D)  relational

Question 8

The fact that the sentence,"Samantha kissed Trevor," has a very different meaning from "Trevor kissed Samantha," demonstrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  morphemes. 
B)  phonemes. 
C)  syntax. 
D)  conditional relationships.

Question 9

Dr.Hart's research interests include the mental activities involved in processing images,concepts,words,rules,and symbols.He would best be described as studying

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning. 
B)  learning. 
C)  cognition. 
D)  proxemics.

Question 10

Regarding bilingual education,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Language is an important sign of group membership. 
B)  Even when the majority culture is highly dominant, some of its members may feel that recent immigrants and "foreign languages" are eroding their culture. 
C)  Studies of bilingual students show that those who achieve a high level of ability in two languages become confused and have lower general language skills. 
D)  For majority group children, learning a second language leads to additive bilingualism.

Question 11

The dictionary definition of a word is its __________ meaning.

Accepted Answer

A)  relational 
B)  categorical 
C)  connotative 
D)  denotative

Question 12

Kanzi usually placed action symbols in the order he wanted to carry them out,such as "chase tickle" or "chase hid." In this respect,Kanzi's grammar was on a par with that of a __________ year-old child.

Accepted Answer

A)  two- 
B)  four- 
C)  six- 
D)  eight-

Question 13

Your young son is having difficulty tying his shoe.While you give verbal suggestions,you are actually tying the shoe in your mind with your hands making slight movements as if tying a shoe.Your thoughts and micromovements of your hands illustrate your use of __________ imagery.

Accepted Answer

A)  intuitive 
B)  conjunctive 
C)  inductive 
D)  kinesthetic

Question 14

Regarding mental imagery,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Almost everyone has visual and auditory images. 
B)  Over 50 percent of humans have imagery for movement, touch, taste, smell, and pain. 
C)  Experimental work has shown that mental images appear flat like photographs. 
D)  People commonly use mental images to change feelings and make decisions.

Question 15

A detailed,practical,and workable solution to a problem is called a __________ solution.

Accepted Answer

A)  heuristic 
B)  general 
C)  functional 
D)  specific

Question 16

American Sign Language

Accepted Answer

A)  has a spatial grammar and syntax. 
B)  is a pantomimed code. 
C)  is the only true gestural language in the world. 
D)  is all of these.

Question 17

For long distances,an English speaker might say,"Chicago is north of here," but for short distances,the same speaker might say,"My brother is sitting to my right." Thus,English speakers use which type of directional references for long and short distances?

Accepted Answer

A)  absolute for long distances and relative for short distances. 
B)  relative for long distances and absolute for short distances. 
C)  conjunctive for long distances and disjunctive for short distances. 
D)  disjunctive for long distances and conjunctive for short distances.

Question 18

When minority children are placed in English-only classrooms,they usually end up losing some proficiency in their native language and are at risk for being less than fully competent in both languages,a problem known as

Accepted Answer

A)  algorithmic bilingualism. 
B)  the semantic differential. 
C)  subtractive bilingualism. 
D)  functional dyslexia.

Question 19

A random search strategy involves

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of insight and pragmatics. 
B)  trying possible solutions to a problem in a more or less random order. 
C)  limiting the number of possible solutions to be tried. 
D)  correctly stating the requirements for success but not in enough detail for further action.

Question 20

A young child tells his grandmother that "he goed to town." The child's application of the normal past tense to the irregular verb "to go" illustrates that the child is attempting to use

Accepted Answer

A)  transformation rules. 
B)  the semantic differential. 
C)  disjunctive concepts. 
D)  a morpheme shift.

Exam 8: A: Cognition,language,and Creativity