Question 1

All individuals have the same physiologic "set point" to regulate body weight.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A low-carbohydrate diet depletes glycogen reserves and severely impacts hard training and competition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

While low-carbohydrate/high-fat diets may help short-term weight loss, long-term weight loss is not maintained, increasing blood cholesterol with a potential, major impact on cardiovascular disease risk.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Negative consequence of a ketogenic diet.

Accepted Answer

A)  Raises serum uric acid levels 
B)  Negative alkalosis 
C)  Increases glycogen reserves 
D)  Increases calcium balance

Question 5

Percentage of the U.S. population classified as overweight or obese.

Accepted Answer

A)  15% 
B)  30% 
C)  50% 
D)  65%

Question 6

One of three factors that unbalances the energy balance equation to produce weight loss.

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase energy intake 
B)  Increase energy output 
C)  Decrease energy expenditure 
D)  Increase carbohydrate intake

Question 7

The __________ thermic effect of dietary protein, as well as the relatively __________ coefficient of digestibility, ultimately reduces the net calories available from ingested protein.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased, low 
B)  elevated, high 
C)  elevated, low 
D)  decreased, high

Question 8

The ideal first step in eating behavior modification.

Accepted Answer

A)  Getting involved in a physical activity program. 
B)  Carrying out a detailed, accurate 3-day food recall 
C)  Writing down foods that were typically consumed over the past year 
D)  Describing the person's various eating behaviors, not immediately changing the diet

Question 9

Average energy expenditure in low resistance, high-repetition circuit resistance training.

Accepted Answer

A)  6 kilocalories a minute 
B)  9 kilocalories a minute 
C)  12 kilocalories a minute 
D)  18 kilocalories a minute

Question 10

In young and middle-aged men, inversely relates physical activity level to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  body fat levels 
B)  leptin levels 
C)  sensory motor neurons 
D)  final calorie levels

Question 11

Percentage of American men and women currently struggling to reduce body weight and fat.

Accepted Answer

A)  50% 
B)  60% 
C)  70% 
D)  80%

Question 12

A 25-year epidemiological Swedish study concluded that over time reducing dietary animal fat decreased blood cholesterol levels. In contrast, a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased these levels 
B)  decreased these levels 
C)  had yo-yo effect; first increased then decreased these levels 
D)  did not change these levels

Question 13

Approximately __________ of weight lost over the first week of energy deficit consists of water loss. Thereafter, water loss progressively changes, representing only about __________ of weight loss in the second and third weeks.

Accepted Answer

A)  70%; 20% 
B)  20%; 70% 
C)  30%; 60% 
D)  60%; 30%

Question 14

Weight-loss diets should contain the recommended micronutrients and protein, with reduced cholesterol, saturated fat, and essentially no __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha or beta ketone bodies 
B)  nonessential amino acids 
C)  trans fatty acids 
D)  lipolytic, protein-generated enzymes

Question 15

Heavy muscular overload through resistance training, supported by adequate energy and protein intake, greatly increases muscle mass and strength.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Inadvisable for weight loss because it precipitates significant lean tissue loss.

Accepted Answer

A)  No more than 2350 calories daily with minimal protein and no "extra" physical activity 
B)  Semistarvation 
C)  No more than 2200 calories daily with minimal carbohydrate and no "extra" physical activity 
D)  Glycogen loading with creatine

Question 17

Daily weight loss over 4 weeks of dieting reveals that protein's contribution to weight loss increases from __________ initially to about __________ following the fourth week.

Accepted Answer

A)  5%; 15% 
B)  15%; 5% 
C)  5%; 20% 
D)  15%; 25%

Question 18

A child younger than age 10 (regardless of current weight) who has one or two obese parents has more than 10 times the normal risk of becoming an obese adult.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The two factors that largely determine one's daily energy expenditure include __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  resting energy requirement and energy expended in daily physical activities 
B)  energy expended in daily physical activities and thermic effect of food 
C)  thermic effect of food and resting energy requirement 
D)  basal metabolism and resting energy requirement

Question 20

The overweight condition may or may not accompany an increase in body fat.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 14: Energy Balance, Physical Activity

All individuals have the same physiologic "set point" to regulate body weight.

A low-carbohydrate diet depletes glycogen reserves and severely impacts hard training and competition.

While low-carbohydrate/high-fat diets may help short-term weight loss, long-term weight loss is not maintained, increasing blood cholesterol with a potential, major impact on cardiovascular disease risk.

Negative consequence of a ketogenic diet.

Percentage of the U.S. population classified as overweight or obese.

One of three factors that unbalances the energy balance equation to produce weight loss.

The thermic effect of dietary protein, as well as the relatively coefficient of digestibility, ultimately reduces the net calories available from ingested protein.

The ideal first step in eating behavior modification.

Average energy expenditure in low resistance, high-repetition circuit resistance training.

In young and middle-aged men, inversely relates physical activity level to __________.

Percentage of American men and women currently struggling to reduce body weight and fat.

A 25-year epidemiological Swedish study concluded that over time reducing dietary animal fat decreased blood cholesterol levels. In contrast, a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet __________.

Approximately of weight lost over the first week of energy deficit consists of water loss. Thereafter, water loss progressively changes, representing only about of weight loss in the second and third weeks.

Weight-loss diets should contain the recommended micronutrients and protein, with reduced cholesterol, saturated fat, and essentially no __________.

Heavy muscular overload through resistance training, supported by adequate energy and protein intake, greatly increases muscle mass and strength.

Inadvisable for weight loss because it precipitates significant lean tissue loss.

Daily weight loss over 4 weeks of dieting reveals that protein's contribution to weight loss increases from initially to about following the fourth week.

A child younger than age 10 (regardless of current weight) who has one or two obese parents has more than 10 times the normal risk of becoming an obese adult.

The two factors that largely determine one's daily energy expenditure include __________.

The overweight condition may or may not accompany an increase in body fat.