Question 1

Which of the following is not a type of stress management technique?

Accepted Answer

A) Autogenic training, imagery 
B) Cognitive restructuring 
C) Progressive muscle relaxation 
D) Modification to reaction

Question 2

What is the mechanism of working of trans-telephonic monitoring?

Accepted Answer

A) Patient assesses the battery status by himself and informs the doctor via telephone 
B) Patient carries a device for monitoring the battery status which sends the information to the doctor over telephone 
C) A telephone strip of rhythm strip is sent which allows the pacemaker battery status to be measured 
D) Doctor calls the patient and measures the status of battery over phone using a special device

Question 3

The cardiologist is writing orders to start an amiodarone infusion. Which of the following arrhythmias would an amiodarone drip be the most appropriate for?

Accepted Answer

A) Atrial flutter 
B) Sinus tachycardia 
C) Uncontrolled atrial fibrillation 
D) Third degree heart block

Question 4

A male smoker presents with pain in his extremities after exercise. Which of the following diseases need to be ruled out before considering a diagnosis of Buerger's disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetes, hypercoagulable conditions, scleroderma 
B) Bleeding disorders, dyslipidemia, systemic lupus erythematosus 
C) Bleeding disorders, diabetes, hypertension, vasculitis 
D) Hypercoagulable states, disorders of lipid metabolism, polyarteritis nodosa

Question 5

A patient presents with complaints of dizziness, lightheadedness and a syncopal episode. The nurse record his pulse rate as 40/minute and blood pressure as 90/70 mm Hg. His EKG findings are suggestive of second-degree, type II AV block. What should be the goal of treatment in this patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Increase the heart rate 
B) Restore sinus rhythm and maintain cardiac output 
C) Increase blood pressure 
D) Improve blood supply to vital organs

Question 6

A patient presents with complaints of shortness of breath, palpitations, and pink, frothy sputum. The chest x-ray suggests pulmonary edema. What are the characteristic features of pulmonary edema?

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased cardiac output, inadequate tissue perfusion, acute pulmonary congestion 
B) Decreased blood pressure, inadequate tissue perfusion, cardiac arrest 
C) Hypertension, rapid breathing, respiratory failure 
D) Hypertension, respiratory arrest, cardiac arrhythmia

Question 7

A patient was admitted in intensive care unit after suffering from myocardial infarction. The nurse observes that the patient is pulseless and the monitor shows ventricular tachycardia. What emergency management is most appropriate for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Defibrillation 
B) Radiofrequency ablation 
C) Temporary pacemaker implantation 
D) Endotracheal intubation

Question 8

Which of the following class of anti-dysrhythmic drugs is correctly matched with its mechanism of action?

Accepted Answer

A) Class II - Inhibition of sodium channels 
B) Class I - Inhibition of sodium channels 
C) Class III - Calcium channel blockers 
D) Class IV - Inhibition of potassium efflux

Question 9

A 65-year old male was diagnosed with a small aneurysm in an artery of his left lower limb. His father died of a ruptured of abdominal aneurysm. What are the treatments of choice for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Immediate surgical correction of the aneurysm 
B) Risk factor modification and regular screening 
C) No treatment is needed 
D) Regular screening only

Question 10

A 45-year-old male patient has waist circumference of 105 cm. His blood examination shows fasting plasma glucose of 120mg/dL, triglyceride level of 180 mg/dL, and high-density lipid cholesterol 30 of mg/dL. He has been diagnosed as having metabolic syndrome. He is at risk of developing which of the following set of conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) Fatty liver, hepatitis, anxiety disorder 
B) Liver cirrhosis, insomnia, cor pulmonale 
C) Cardiomyopathy, hepatitis, pancreatitis 
D) Fatty liver, gallstones and sleep apnea

Question 11

The fibrinolytic mechanisms of streptokinase and reteplase are:

Accepted Answer

A) Inhibit the formation of fibrin by disrupting the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin and activate the conversion of fibrin-bound plasminogen to plasmin respectively 
B) Both act directly on fibrin to dissolve it 
C) Both activate the conversion of fibrin-bound plasminogen to plasmin 
D) Both inhibit fibrin formation by disrupting the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin

Question 12

A pregnant patient is diagnosed with mitral stenosis. An echocardiogram shows that the valve cusps are pliable, there is minimal chordal thickening, and no subvalvular thickening or calcification. Which treatment option is suitable for her?

Accepted Answer

A) Open mitral commissurotomy 
B) Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty 
C) Medical management 
D) Valve replacement

Question 13

Which of the following is not a method of self-monitoring technique?

Accepted Answer

A) Lifestyle modifications 
B) Use of relaxation technique to reduce stress 
C) Reducing exposure to stressful situation 
D) Modification of reaction

Question 14

A healthy person comes for a routine checkup. The nurse records an EKG, and the patient asks if the EKG is normal. Which of the following EKG findings would be considered a normal variant?

Accepted Answer

A) ST-T changes in precordial leads 
B) Wenckebach arrhythmia 
C) PR interval of 21 milliseconds 
D) Saw-tooth pattern

Question 15

A child with aortic stenosis has aortic regurgitation, and the physician has recommended valve replacement surgery. His parents want to know which aortic valve prosthesis is best for their child. What type of valve would be best in this case?

Accepted Answer

A) Mechanical valve 
B) Bioprosthetic valve 
C) Pulmonary autograft 
D) Aortic homograft

Question 16

Choose the sentence which correctly defines orthostatic hypotension.

Accepted Answer

A) Blood pressure drops after micturition 
B) Blood pressure drops when changing positions 
C) Blood pressure drops after taking meals 
D) None of the above

Question 17

What tests should be performed to evaluate a patient after PCTA?

Accepted Answer

A) Electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, hematocrit, serum creatinine 
B) Electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, cardiac enzymes 
C) Electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, physical assessment, monitoring of peripheral blood flow 
D) Physical assessment and evaluation of cardiac pain

Question 18

Which of the following is not one of the 3 stages of the general adaptation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) Alarm 
B) Learning 
C) Resistance 
D) Exhaustion

Question 19

Dopamine is a drug commonly used to treat patients who in cardiogenic shock. What is the primary effect of dopamine?

Accepted Answer

A) Promotes arterial resistance and reduces systolic blood pressure. 
B) Decreases venous resistance and helps decrease angina pain. 
C) Increases renal perfusion and increases the pumping action of the heart. 
D) Promotes arterial vasodilation and reduces the preload and afterload, increasing the pumping action of the heart.

Question 20

A patient presenting with high blood glucose and high triglyceride level was diagnosed as having metabolic syndrome. Which of the following are risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) Large waistline, high triglyceride levels, low high density lipoprotein level, hypertension, and hyperglycinemia 
B) High triglyceride levels, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol 
C) Hypertension, coronary artery disease and hyperglycemia 
D) Hypertension, sedentary lifestyle, smoking

Exam 2: Problems