Question 1

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. 
Harry S Truman

Accepted Answer

Harry S. Truman was the 33rd President of the United States, serving from April 12, 1945, to January 20, 1953. Born on May 8, 1884, in Lamar, Missouri, Truman was initially a farmer, a World War I veteran, and a haberdasher before entering politics. He served as a county judge in Missouri and then as a United States Senator from 1935 to 1945.

Truman's presidency began upon the death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, during the final months of World War II. As president, Truman made the momentous decision to use atomic weapons against Japan in August 1945, with the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which led to the end of World War II. This decision remains one of the most controversial aspects of his presidency due to the massive loss of life and the ushering in of the nuclear age.

Truman's presidency was marked by significant events and initiatives. In 1947, he introduced the Truman Doctrine, which promised American assistance to countries resisting communism, marking the start of the Cold War era. That same year, he announced the Marshall Plan, an economic recovery program that provided aid to Western Europe in the aftermath of World War II, which helped to rebuild economies and prevent the spread of communism.

In 1948, Truman won a full term in a stunning upset victory against Republican Thomas E. Dewey, despite widespread predictions of his defeat. During his second term, he continued to address Cold War challenges, including the Berlin Airlift in 1948-1949, when he ordered the U.S. Air Force to deliver food and supplies to the citizens of West Berlin after the Soviet Union blocked access to the city.

Truman also presided over the beginning of the Korean War in 1950, a conflict between North and South Korea in which the United States led a United Nations coalition to defend South Korea from a communist invasion by North Korea. His decision to relieve General Douglas MacArthur of command during the war was controversial but underscored his principle of civilian control over the military.

Domestically, Truman worked to extend Roosevelt's New Deal policies through what he called the Fair Deal, which aimed to improve social welfare programs, raise the minimum wage, and ensure civil rights. Although he faced opposition in Congress, some of his proposals were eventually adopted, including measures to increase public housing and expand Social Security.

Truman's legacy is one of strong leadership during a transformative period in world history. He is credited with shaping U.S. foreign policy in the early Cold War era and setting the precedent for American involvement in global affairs. Despite leaving office with low approval ratings, his reputation has improved over time, and he is now considered one of the more influential and effective presidents in U.S. history. Harry S. Truman passed away on December 26, 1972, in Kansas City, Missouri.

Question 2

The Smith-Connally Labor Disputes Act

Accepted Answer

A)   empowered the president to take over any facility where strikes interrupted war production.
B)   guaranteed labor the right of union membership.
C)   prohibited government employees from joining unions or engaging in political activity.
D)   mandated wage increases at twice the cost of living, so that war production would not be interrupted by strikes.
E)   eliminated all federal restrictions on the right to strike. A

Question 3

A Nazi commander said that "the Americans can't build planes, only electric iceboxes and razor blades." How wrong was he? Explain.

Accepted Answer

The Nazi commander was completely wrong in his statement. The United States was a major producer of aircraft during World War II and played a crucial role in the Allied victory. American factories produced thousands of planes, including iconic models like the P-51 Mustang and the B-17 Flying Fortress. These planes were instrumental in achieving air superiority over Europe and the Pacific.

Furthermore, the United States was also a leader in the production of electric appliances and razor blades, so the commander's statement was not only incorrect about American aircraft production but also about other industrial capabilities. Overall, the Nazi commander's statement was a gross underestimation of American industrial and technological prowess.

Question 4

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. 
Office of War Information

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific...

Question 5

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. 
Nuremberg Laws

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific...

Question 6

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. 
Executive Order 8802

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific...

Question 7

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. 
Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific...

Question 8

Describe the development of the atomic bomb and why the United States ultimately used? Based on criticisms of its use, should President Truman have used the bomb? Explain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the development of the atomic bomb...

Question 9

What was Roosevelt referring to when he called on the United States to become the "Arsenal of Democracy"?

Accepted Answer

A)   The nation had produced 300,000 airplanes, 2.6 million machine guns, 6 million tons of bombs, and numerous other materials needed by allies to conduct the war.
B)   The U.S. symbolized how democratic nations should fight a war.
C)   The U.S. should manufacture 1,000 ships, 500,000 rifles, and 10,000 airplanes during the war to aid European allies.
D)   He wanted the U.S. to provide all the war materials that the allies needed.
E)   He urged the U.S. to support supplying the allies with all necessary natural resources.

Question 10

A. Philip Randolph's call for a massive march on Washington led to

Accepted Answer

A)   an executive order permitting the military to evacuate and intern Japanese living on the West Coast.
B)   an executive order prohibiting employment discrimination and creating a Fair Employment Practices Committee.
C)   passage of the Smith-Connally Act restricting union strikes and protests.
D)   prosecution of the sailors involved in the "zoot suit" riot against the Chicanos.
E)   integration of the armed forces.

Question 11

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. 
The Grand Alliance

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific...

Question 12

Which of the following leaders is not matched correctly with the right country?

Accepted Answer

A)   Benito Mussolini, Italy
B)   Winston Churchill, France
C)   Joseph Stalin, Soviet Union
D)   Franklin Roosevelt, United States
E)   Hideki Tojo, Japan

Question 13

What role did the American scientific community have in World War II?

Accepted Answer

A)   The government insisted that scientific inquiry should not be interrupted by the war.
B)   Most of the nation's scientists opposed the war and refused to have anything to do with it.
C)   Scientists participated actively in developing new weapons, chemicals, medicines, and medical techniques that would advance the fight against the Axis powers.
D)   There was a constant conflict between scientists and the military because the military refused to allow scientists a role in the weapons race.
E)   Scientists left the government for better-paying jobs in private industry.

Question 14

The America First Committee argued that

Accepted Answer

A)   the United States was endangered by internal subversion, not possible German invasion.
B)   the United States had to defend itself by launching a preemptive war against Germany.
C)   the United States would assist the British but stay out of the war.
D)   the United States had the strength to stand alone and did not need to form relationships or pacts with any European country.
E)   the United States had to defend itself by going to war against Japan before Japan attacked the United States.

Question 15

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. 
Smith-Connally Labor Disputes Act

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific...

Question 16

What policy did President Franklin Roosevelt believe the United States needed to adopt after Germany attacked Poland and later attacked the Soviet Union? How did he implement this policy? Explain whether was successful or not.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What policy did President Franklin Roosevelt believe...

Question 17

Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?

Accepted Answer

A)   It decided upon a preemptive strike to force the U.S. to yield to its demands.
B)   It wanted to use Pearl Harbor as a base for attacks against the United States.
C)   It believed that the United States was planning an attack on Japan from Pearl Harbor.
D)   To protect its eastern flank, Japan wanted to seize the Hawaiian Islands.
E)   It thought the United States was developing the atomic bomb there.

Question 18

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. 
I nternment of Japanese-Americans

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific...

Question 19

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. 
Fulgencio Batista

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific...

Question 20

How did the United States respond to acts of aggression in the 1930s? Should it have acted differently? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did the United States respond to...

Exam 25: Americans and a World in Crisis

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. Harry S Truman

The Smith-Connally Labor Disputes Act

A Nazi commander said that "the Americans can't build planes, only electric iceboxes and razor blades." How wrong was he? Explain.

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. Office of War Information

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. Nuremberg Laws

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. Executive Order 8802

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Describe the development of the atomic bomb and why the United States ultimately used? Based on criticisms of its use, should President Truman have used the bomb? Explain.

What was Roosevelt referring to when he called on the United States to become the "Arsenal of Democracy"?

A. Philip Randolph's call for a massive march on Washington led to

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. The Grand Alliance

Which of the following leaders is not matched correctly with the right country?

What role did the American scientific community have in World War II?

The America First Committee argued that

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. Smith-Connally Labor Disputes Act

What policy did President Franklin Roosevelt believe the United States needed to adopt after Germany attacked Poland and later attacked the Soviet Union? How did he implement this policy? Explain whether was successful or not.

Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. I nternment of Japanese-Americans

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. Fulgencio Batista

How did the United States respond to acts of aggression in the 1930s? Should it have acted differently? Why or why not?