Question 1

When making attributions, noticing that a behavior occurs only under specific circumstances is referred to as​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​internal cause. 
B)  distinctiveness. 
C)  ​consistency. 
D)  ​situational demand.

Question 2

Celia, who is a college student, has always thought of herself as an environmental activist.Recently, she "inherited" a gas-guzzling car from her parents, which she has been driving around campus.To reduce the cognitive dissonance that she feels from these clashing images of herself, the environmental activist and the gas-guzzling car owner, she might say that "it is more important to support the environmental movement politically than it is to worry about how a person gets to work or school," which illustrates the strategy of

Accepted Answer

A)  changing her attitude. 
B)  changing the importance of the dissonant thoughts. 
C)  changing her behavior. 
D)  reducing the amount of her perceived choice.

Question 3

The strongest of the five forms of social influence is conformity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Regarding factors that influence conformity, which of the following statements is FALSE?​

Accepted Answer

A)  The size of the majority within a group is the most important factor in determining whether a person will conform. 
B)  If you can find at least one other person who sees things as you do, you can be relatively secure in your opposition to other viewpoints with the Internet now making it much easier to find that other like-minded person. 
C)  Therisk of being rejected within a group can be a threat to our sense of personal identity. 
D)  ​Although the Asch experiment groups were only temporary, sanctions were informal, and rejection had no lasting importance, conformity to the incorrect responses still occurred.

Question 5

Basing one's attitudes on a few unusually good or bad experiences with a person, group, object, or institution is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Basing one's attitudes on a few unusually...

Question 6

Once you have publicly committed yourself to a belief, there is a strong need to maintain consistency and even to convince others so there will be added proof that you were correct in your belief, according to the

Accepted Answer

A)  frustration-aggression hypothesis. 
B)  fundamental attribution theory. 
C)  theory of groupthink. 
D)  cognitive dissonance theory.

Question 7

An ongoing pattern of life that is passed from one generation to the next is called

Accepted Answer

A)  group conformity. 
B)  standard norms. 
C)  group cohesion. 
D)  culture.

Question 8

Compared to attempts at persuasion, brainwashing

Accepted Answer

A)  is much more subtle. 
B)  is practiced on a captive audience. 
C)  involves lasting attitude change. 
D)  relies more heavily on the cognitive dissonance effect.

Question 9

Which of the following is an internal process that can motivate people to make their thoughts or attitudes agree with their actions?

Accepted Answer

A)  persuasion 
B)  inconsistency 
C)  obedience 
D)  compliance

Question 10

When it is announced that a tennis star received $500,000 for endorsing a particular brand of tennis rackets, the public is likely to​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​ignore the money and treat the endorsement as genuine. 
B)  ​discount the endorsement as motivated by the money. 
C)  ​be even more convinced of the value of the product because they know how much money is involved. 
D)  ​not be influenced by either the money involved or the person making the endorsement.

Question 11

When we act contrary to our attitudes and beliefs, the amount of discomfort that we feel depends on the degree to which our actions can be explained by rewards or other circumstances, that is, it depends on the amount of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When we act contrary to our attitudes...

Question 12

You have read the research on the importance of exercise, and you want to begin an exercise program, but you haven't so far, which creates a great deal of cognitive dissonance for you.Describe the concept of cognitive dissonance, and explain how your cognitive dissonance regarding exercising might be reduced using each of five strategies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have read the research on the...

Question 13

Using the autokinetic effect in his study, Muzafer Sherif found that, individually, people give very different estimates of how far the light moves.However, when two or more people announce their estimates at the same time, their judgments rapidly converge, which demonstrates ​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​social status. 
B)  ​group cohesiveness. 
C)  ​social influence. 
D)  ​a regression toward the mean.

Question 14

Someone compliments you on your appearance.You will probably infer a reason for the compliment on the basis of the​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​action, comparison, and proximity. 
B)  ​actor, observers, and proximity. 
C)  ​action, perception, and sanction. 
D)  ​actor, object, and setting.

Question 15

Any deliberate attempt to bring about attitude change by the transmission of information is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Any deliberate attempt to bring about attitude...

Question 16

Examples of coercion, or forced attitude change, include

Accepted Answer

A)  brainwashing and cult conversions. 
B)  military training. 
C)  advertising within the mass media. 
D)  all of these.

Question 17

Which of the following are often based on our perceptions of what others think and do?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​denotations 
B)  ​proxemics 
C)  ​convictions 
D)  ​norms

Question 18

At work being a good team player versus being a strong manager can lead to job burnout and negative health outcomes due to

Accepted Answer

A)  ascribed roles. 
B)  role conflict. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  role reversals.

Question 19

While informal friendships may or may not have this, organized groups, such as the army or an athletic team, do have a high degree of

Accepted Answer

A)  group structure. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  ascribed roles. 
D)  social comparison.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT one of the three components of an attitude?

Accepted Answer

A)  action 
B)  emotion 
C)  experience 
D)  belief

Exam 16: Social Thinking and Social Influence.