Question 1

Abby's mother leaves the room.When her mother returns, Abby runs to greet her mother.However, when her mother reaches to pick her up, Abby pulls away and screams out "no." According to Mary Ainsworth's research, Abby is exhibiting a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  secure attachment. 
B)  insecure-ambivalent attachment. 
C)  insecure-avoidant attachment. 
D)  separation anxiety disorder.

Question 2

In the late teens, the brain actively destroys unneeded connections, especially in the frontal lobes, with this pruning of synapses sharpening the brain's capacity for

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory capabilities. 
B)  language comprehension. 
C)  abstract thinking. 
D)  intuitive thinking.

Question 3

Regarding happiness and holding religious beliefs, there is __________ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)  no 
B)  a negative 
C)  a small positive 
D)  a high positive

Question 4

Chromosomes are made up of

Accepted Answer

A)  zygotes. 
B)  gametes. 
C)  genes. 
D)  phenotypes.

Question 5

You show four-year-old Samantha a two-sided mirror.Then, you hold it between you and her, so that she can see herself in it.If you ask her what she thinks you can see, she will most likely imagine that you see her face reflected in the mirror, instead of your own.At this age, Samantha cannot mentally transform the view she sees into the view you must be seeing.This illustrates __________ thought.

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentric 
B)  inductive 
C)  convergent 
D)  divergent

Question 6

Babies are born with fewer brain synapses than adults, although the number rapidly increases until age four.Then, the number of brain synapses declines and reaches adult levels by age

Accepted Answer

A)  ​10 
B)  ​12 
C)  ​14 
D)  ​16

Question 7

Dependent, immature children who frequently misbehave were most likely raised by __________ parents.

Accepted Answer

A)  authoritarian 
B)  authoritative 
C)  generative 
D)  overly permissive

Question 8

Until minimum levels of physical structure are mature, no amount of practice will be sufficient to develop certain skills.This statement reflects

Accepted Answer

A)  assimilation. 
B)  readiness. 
C)  resiliency. 
D)  habituation.

Question 9

According to Erikson, the major task during young adulthood (20 to 34 years old)is successful achievement of

Accepted Answer

A)  a unified sense of self. 
B)  meaningful relationships with others. 
C)  personal and civic responsibility. 
D)  a stable identity and personality structure.

Question 10

Brett's speaking vocabulary includes more than 4,000 words, and he is able to understand more than twice that many.He is most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  about two. 
B)  about three. 
C)  in preschool. 
D)  in first grade.

Question 11

If her parents encourage little Tanya to ask questions, to use her imagination, and give her the freedom to choose activities, according to Erikson, they are encouraging Tanya to develop

Accepted Answer

A)  industry. 
B)  identity. 
C)  generativity. 
D)  initiative.

Question 12

A child has to be self-aware in order to experience the complex emotion of

Accepted Answer

A)  anger. 
B)  sadness. 
C)  contentment. 
D)  embarrassment.

Question 13

Regarding recent findings on cognitive development, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most infants have to be 18 months old before they recognize themselves in a TV image. 
B)  Some infants as young as three months acted surprised and gazed longer at impossible events, such as seeing two solid objects appear to pass through each other. 
C)  By the time infants are eight months old, they can remember where objects are (or should be)for at least one minute. 
D)  Children remain egocentric during the preoperational stage, becoming aware of perspectives other than their own only after the age of seven.

Question 14

Regarding the sociocultural view of cognitive development, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  According to the sociocultural view, it is not enough for children to learn how to think, they must also learn specific intellectual skills valued by their culture. 
B)  Vygotsky believed that children actively seek to discover new principles with many of their most important "discoveries" being guided by skillful tutors. 
C)  When a child is close to having the mental skills needed to do the task, but requires help to accomplish the task, Vygotsky called this the zone of assimilation. 
D)  Children can make rapid progress if they receive sensitive guidance from a skilled partner through scaffolding.

Question 15

According to Erikson, a child entering adolescence can expect the major developmental task to center around the need to achieve intimacy with another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A researcher asks Zeke, "What do you think would happen if it suddenly became possible for people to fly, like birds, without the aid of airplanes?" Zeke responds that "people can't fly" and does not even consider this hypothetical situation.Zeke is most likely in which stage of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor 
B)  preoperational 
C)  concrete operational 
D)  formal operational

Question 17

The study of changes in behavior from conception to death encompasses the field known as

Accepted Answer

A)  gerontology. 
B)  thanatology. 
C)  developmental psychology. 
D)  social psychology.

Question 18

Parentese helps parents to do all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  discourage egocentric speech. 
B)  get babies' attention. 
C)  communicate with their babies. 
D)  teach their babies language.

Question 19

The association between job satisfaction and happiness is

Accepted Answer

A)  considered very significant. 
B)  considered weak. 
C)  a zero correlation. 
D)  dependent on the age of the employee.

Question 20

The relationship of happiness to good and bad life events would best be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  almost a perfect positive correlation. 
B)  significant for the vast majority of people. 
C)  a relatively small relationship. 
D)  unpredictable.

Exam 3: Human Development