Question 1

The realistic conflict theory encompasses the idea that prejudices arise between groups when __________

Accepted Answer

A)  there are religious and ideological differences between the groups. 
B)  the groups must compete for scarce resources. 
C)  the groups are different in appearance and customs. 
D)  there is a language barrier between the groups.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a quality men and women across cultures rate as important in mate selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  dependable character 
B)  socially outgoing 
C)  emotional stability 
D)  pleasing disposition

Question 3

What term refers to helping behavior that is performed voluntarily for the benefit of another person, with no anticipation of reward?

Accepted Answer

A)  altruism 
B)  collectivism 
C)  interdependence 
D)  humanitarianism

Question 4

Give an example of how you might use the foot-in-the-door technique.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Give an example of how you might...

Question 5

In Solomon Asch's study, which factor increased the rate of conformity?

Accepted Answer

A)  the task difficulty was increased 
B)  the confederates were all adults 
C)  the number of confederates increased 
D)  the participants were given two chances at responding

Question 6

Jane committed to buying a car off the lot that had a low sticker price. Then she learned the car dealer wasn't going to give her very much credit on her old car for a trade-in. Jane has just been victimized by what is known as the __________

Accepted Answer

A)  door-in-the-face technique. 
B)  foot-in-the-door technique. 
C)  low-ball technique. 
D)  standard-pitch technique.

Question 7

People sometimes make the mistake of assuming that someone is intelligent, exciting and fun to be around just because they are physically attractive. This is called the __________

Accepted Answer

A)  halo effect. 
B)  primacy effect. 
C)  matching effect. 
D)  mere-exposure effect.

Question 8

Alex is standing in line at Wal-Mart waiting to pay for his purchases. A man cuts in front of the line and drops his items on the counter. Alex says to his friend, "That man is incredibly rude." A social psychologist who is within earshot jots down a note so she can use the example in class. What does she write concerning Alex?

Accepted Answer

A)  he made a situational attribution 
B)  he made a dispositional attribution 
C)  his remark is based on a stereotype 
D)  his remark is considered a collectivistic remark

Question 9

In Solomon Asch's study on conformity, the number of confederates was found to have a significant impact on the participants' likelihood of giving an incorrect answer. How many confederates did Asch find maximized the likelihood of conformity occurring?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  6 
D)  12

Question 10

One of Gil's favorite television shows is one that tries to find people with singing talent out of the general population. Over the course of several weeks of watching the show, Gil reaches the conclusion that the more attractive singers are getting higher marks from the judges. A likely explanation for this is __________

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal liking. 
B)  the primacy effect. 
C)  the halo effect. 
D)  the matching hypothesis.

Question 11

Describe one of the components of attitude.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe one of the components of attitude....

Question 12

Social psychology differs from psychology in its focus on __________

Accepted Answer

A)  people's susceptibility to clever advertising. 
B)  the influences of the social world in which we exist. 
C)  abnormal behavior. 
D)  conformity.

Question 13

Of the following choices, the best definition of aggression is __________

Accepted Answer

A)  unintentionally inflicting pain on another. 
B)  intentionally inflicting physical or psychological harm on another. 
C)  intentionally inflicting psychological harm on another. 
D)  unconsciously inflicting physical pain on another.

Question 14

The World-Will-End-on-June-7 group got together on June 7 to pray as the world ended. The next day the world did not end. The leader of the group said, "Our prayers saved the world." What process was responsible for the attitude change?

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning 
B)  cognitive dissonance 
C)  classical conditioning 
D)  positive reinforcement

Question 15

In March of 1964, Kitty Genovese was the victim of a brutal assault that led to her death in the entryway of her apartment complex. Police reports indicate that out of the 38 people who observed the attack happening, __________ called 911 to request assistance.

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  10 
C)  19 
D)  38

Question 16

According to the research of Latané and Darley, which of the following situations would be the most likely in which someone would offer to help?

Accepted Answer

A)  person on the side of the road with a flat tire during rush hour 
B)  person asking for help in a crowded stadium parking lot 
C)  person falling down coming out of an elevator with only one other person in it 
D)  a student falling off a ladder outside a full classroom

Question 17

Which of the following examples describes the rule of attraction called reciprocity of liking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mary likes Julio because he is so different from her. 
B)  Sabrina loves Clark because he lives next door to her. 
C)  Tameka likes Raphael because he likes her. 
D)  Marcia likes Donald because he is rich.

Question 18

In the Robber's Cave experiment, the hostility between the groups was ended by __________

Accepted Answer

A)  bringing the groups together for social activities. 
B)  declaring one group the winner over the other. 
C)  declaring that both groups had tied and the competition was over. 
D)  bringing the groups together to work on common problems.

Question 19

Socially defined behaviors that are considered appropriate for individuals because they hold certain positions in a group or society are called __________

Accepted Answer

A)  social roles. 
B)  social identities. 
C)  social mores. 
D)  social norms.

Question 20

Adolf Hitler and the Nazis blamed the Jews for Germany's economic problems. Blaming a minority group for a frustrating situation is an example of __________

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion of responsibility. 
B)  scapegoating. 
C)  cognitive dissonance. 
D)  the frustration-aggression hypothesis.

Exam 16: Social Psychology