Question 1

A T-score between +1 (plus 1) and -1 (minus 1) on a DXA signifies

Accepted Answer

A)  lower than normal bone density. 
B)  osteoporosis. 
C)  normal bone density. 
D)  growing bone. 
A)  lower than normal bone density. 
B)  osteoporosis. 
C)  normal bone density. 
D)  growing bone. C

Question 2

Explain the 'pros' and 'cons' of using sunscreens.

Accepted Answer

Certainly one of the well-known benefits of using sunscreen is for protection against the harmful UV rays. Wearing a sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 can prevent burning and protect against skin cancers. In contrast, one negative aspect of sunscreens is that they can inhibit the synthesis of vitamin D. In fact, a sunscreen with a SPF of 8 will reduce vitamin D production in the skin by 95%, while an SPF 15 sunscreen reduces synthesis by 98%. Unfortunately, the best times of the day for vitamin D synthesis are when exposure to ultraviolet rays may be discouraged to prevent skin cancers. The current recommendation is to expose (with no sunscreen) your arms and legs or your hands, arms, and face to sunlight between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. for about 5 to 10 minutes, 2 or 3 times a week, with longer times needed for individuals of dark skin pigmentation.

Question 3

DXA is used to evaluate bone density in women only.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

The bioavailability of calcium depends in part on the age of the person consuming the calcium-containing food.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Geographical location affects one's ability to synthesize vitamin D.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following refers to the two-step process in which bone tissue is recycled?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone growth 
B)  bone modeling 
C)  bone remodeling 
D)  bone regeneration 
A)  bone growth 
B)  bone modeling 
C)  bone remodeling 
D)  bone regeneration

Question 7

Which process determines the shape of bones?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone modeling 
B)  bone turnover 
C)  bone growth 
D)  bone remodeling 
A)  bone modeling 
B)  bone turnover 
C)  bone growth 
D)  bone remodeling

Question 8

Bone develops through three processes. Name and describe each of these processes.

Accepted Answer

The three processes are bone growth, bon

Question 9

Soft drink consumption is associated with poor bone health. Describe some of the theories that explain this relationship.

Accepted Answer

Nutrition and medical professionals have

Question 10

Cortical bone is more sensitive than trabecular bone to changes in hormonal and nutritional factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

When dietary intake of calcium is low, the body takes calcium from bone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

At the present time there is no Adequate Intake (AI) established for calcium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Describe factors that enhance and inhibit the synthesis of vitamin D.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe factors that enhance and inhibit the...

Question 14

Which of the following is FALSE concerning calcium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcium's alkalinity assists in regulating acid-base balance. 
B)  Ninety-nine percent of calcium is found in the blood and soft tissue. 
C)  When blood calcium falls, osteoclasts will liberate calcium from the skeleton. 
D)  Calcium is a major mineral. 
A)  Calcium's alkalinity assists in regulating acid-base balance. 
B)  Ninety-nine percent of calcium is found in the blood and soft tissue. 
C)  When blood calcium falls, osteoclasts will liberate calcium from the skeleton. 
D)  Calcium is a major mineral.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of calcium?

Accepted Answer

A)  transmission of nerve impulses 
B)  muscle contraction 
C)  maintenance of blood pressure 
D)  promotes osteoclasts to break down bone 
A)  transmission of nerve impulses 
B)  muscle contraction 
C)  maintenance of blood pressure 
D)  promotes osteoclasts to break down bone

Question 16

Which of the following foods are good sources of magnesium?

Accepted Answer

A)  green leafy vegetables 
B)  citrus fruits 
C)  french fries and onion rings 
D)  soft drinks and fruit juices 
A)  green leafy vegetables 
B)  citrus fruits 
C)  french fries and onion rings 
D)  soft drinks and fruit juices

Question 17

Describe the DXA procedure used for measuring bone density and interpretation of results from a DXA scan.

Accepted Answer

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, also r

Question 18

The majority of the body's magnesium is found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  blood. 
B)  spleen. 
C)  bones. 
D)  liver. 
A)  blood. 
B)  spleen. 
C)  bones. 
D)  liver.

Question 19

Making up 80% of the human skeleton, trabecular bone is also referred to as compact bone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following organs is NOT involved in the synthesis of vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

A)  skin 
B)  liver 
C)  kidneys 
D)  heart 
A)  skin 
B)  liver 
C)  kidneys 
D)  heart

Exam 9: Nutrients Involved in Bone Health

A T-score between +1 (plus 1) and -1 (minus 1) on a DXA signifies

Explain the 'pros' and 'cons' of using sunscreens.

DXA is used to evaluate bone density in women only.

The bioavailability of calcium depends in part on the age of the person consuming the calcium-containing food.

Geographical location affects one's ability to synthesize vitamin D.

Which of the following refers to the two-step process in which bone tissue is recycled?

Which process determines the shape of bones?

Bone develops through three processes. Name and describe each of these processes.

Soft drink consumption is associated with poor bone health. Describe some of the theories that explain this relationship.

Cortical bone is more sensitive than trabecular bone to changes in hormonal and nutritional factors.

When dietary intake of calcium is low, the body takes calcium from bone.

At the present time there is no Adequate Intake (AI) established for calcium.

Describe factors that enhance and inhibit the synthesis of vitamin D.

Which of the following is FALSE concerning calcium?

Which of the following is NOT a function of calcium?

Which of the following foods are good sources of magnesium?

Describe the DXA procedure used for measuring bone density and interpretation of results from a DXA scan.

The majority of the body's magnesium is found in the

Making up 80% of the human skeleton, trabecular bone is also referred to as compact bone.

Which of the following organs is NOT involved in the synthesis of vitamin D?

The Role of Nutrition in Our Health

Designing a Healthful Diet

The Human Body: Are We Really What We Eat

Carbohydrates: Plant-Derived Energy Nutrients

Fats: Essential Energy-Supplying Nutrients

Proteins: Crucial Components of All Body Tissues

Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Nutrients Involved in Antioxidant Function

Nutrients Involved in Energy Metabolism and Blood Health

Achieving and Maintaining a Healthful Body Weight

Nutrition and Physical Activity: Keys to Good Health

Food Safety and Technology: Impact on Consumers

Nutrition Through the Life Cycle: Pregnancy and the First Year of Life

Nutrition Through the Life Cycle: Childhood to Late Adulthood

alcohol

cancer

cardiovascular Disease

diabetes

dietary Supplements: Necessity or Waste

disordered Eating

disorders Related to Specific Foods

the Fetal Environment: a Lasting Impression

fluid Imbalance

global Nutrition

obesity

osteoporosis

phytochemicals

searching for the Fountain of Youth

vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrients With Macro Powers

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