Question 1

Consider the ratios of the heat capacities $\gamma$ = Cp/Cv for the three types of ideal gases: monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic.

Accepted Answer

A) "$\gamma$ is the greatest for monatomic gases" 
B) "$\gamma$is the greatest for polyatomic gases" 
C) "$\gamma$ is the same only for diatomic and polyatomic gases" 
D) "$\gamma$ is the same only for monatomic and diatomic gases" 
E) "$\gamma$ is the same for all three" 
A) "$\gamma$ is the greatest for monatomic gases" 
B) "$\gamma$is the greatest for polyatomic gases" 
C) "$\gamma$ is the same only for diatomic and polyatomic gases" 
D) "$\gamma$ is the same only for monatomic and diatomic gases" 
E) "$\gamma$ is the same for all three"

Question 2

What is the relationship between the ideal gas constant R and the Boltzmann constant k?

Accepted Answer

A) R = nk/N 
B) R = Nk/n 
C) R = n/Nk 
D) R = N/nk 
E) depends on the molar specific heat of the gas 
A) R = nk/N 
B) R = Nk/n 
C) R = n/Nk 
D) R = N/nk 
E) depends on the molar specific heat of the gas

Question 3

Evidence that molecules of a gas are in constant motion is:

Accepted Answer

A) winds exert pressure 
B) two gases interdiffuse quickly 
C) warm air rises 
D) energy as heat is needed to vaporize a liquid 
E) gases are easily compressed 
A) winds exert pressure 
B) two gases interdiffuse quickly 
C) warm air rises 
D) energy as heat is needed to vaporize a liquid 
E) gases are easily compressed

Question 4

How many molecules are in a sample of 10-3 mol?

Accepted Answer

A) 6.02 x 1018 
B) 6.02 x 1020 
C) 6.02 x 1022 
D) 6.02 x 1023 
E) cannot tell without knowing the molecular mass 
A) 6.02 x 1018 
B) 6.02 x 1020 
C) 6.02 x 1022 
D) 6.02 x 1023 
E) cannot tell without knowing the molecular mass

Question 5

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the number of molecules with speeds within a small interval near the most probable speed:

Accepted Answer

A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D) decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E) stays the same 
A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D) decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E) stays the same

Question 6

A monatomic gas can have internal energy consisting of:

Accepted Answer

A) translational motion only 
B) rotational motion only 
C) oscillatory motion only 
D) both translational and rotational motion 
E) translational, rotational, and oscillatory motion, depending on temperature 
A) translational motion only 
B) rotational motion only 
C) oscillatory motion only 
D) both translational and rotational motion 
E) translational, rotational, and oscillatory motion, depending on temperature

Question 7

The temperature of a gas is most closely related to:

Accepted Answer

A) the kinetic energy of translation of its molecules 
B) its total molecular kinetic energy 
C) the sizes of its molecules 
D) the potential energy of its molecules 
E) the total energy of its molecules 
A) the kinetic energy of translation of its molecules 
B) its total molecular kinetic energy 
C) the sizes of its molecules 
D) the potential energy of its molecules 
E) the total energy of its molecules

Question 8

A sample of argon gas (molar mass 40 g)is at four times the absolute temperature of a sample of hydrogen gas (molar mass 2 g).The ratio of the rms speed of the argon molecules to that of the hydrogen is:

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 5 
C) 1/5 
D)    
E)    
A) 1 
B) 5 
C) 1/5 
D)    
E)

Question 9

Two identical rooms in a house are connected by an open doorway.The temperatures in the two rooms are maintained at different values.Which room contains more air?

Accepted Answer

A) the room with higher temperature 
B) the room with lower temperature 
C) the room with higher pressure 
D) neither because both have the same pressure 
E) neither because both have the same volume 
A) the room with higher temperature 
B) the room with lower temperature 
C) the room with higher pressure 
D) neither because both have the same pressure 
E) neither because both have the same volume

Question 10

As the pressure in an ideal gas is increased isothermally the average molecular speed:

Accepted Answer

A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) increases at high temperature, decreases at low 
D) decreases at high temperature, increases at low 
E) stays the same 
A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) increases at high temperature, decreases at low 
D) decreases at high temperature, increases at low 
E) stays the same

Question 11

A real gas is changed slowly from state 1 to state 2.During this process no work is done on or by the gas.This process must be:

Accepted Answer

A) isothermal 
B) adiabatic 
C) occurring at constant volume 
D) occurring at constant pressure 
E) a closed cycle with point 1 coinciding with point 2 
A) isothermal 
B) adiabatic 
C) occurring at constant volume 
D) occurring at constant pressure 
E) a closed cycle with point 1 coinciding with point 2

Question 12

The specific heat at constant volume of an ideal gas depends on:

Accepted Answer

A) the temperature 
B) the pressure 
C) the volume 
D) the number of molecules 
E) none of the above 
A) the temperature 
B) the pressure 
C) the volume 
D) the number of molecules 
E) none of the above

Question 13

The ratio of the specific heat of an ideal gas at constant volume to its specific heat at constant pressure is:

Accepted Answer

A) R 
B) 1/R 
C) dependent on the temperature 
D) dependent on the pressure 
E) different for monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic gases 
A) R 
B) 1/R 
C) dependent on the temperature 
D) dependent on the pressure 
E) different for monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic gases

Question 14

Monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic ideal gases each undergo slow adiabatic expansions from the same initial volume and the same initial pressure to the same final volume.The magnitude of the work done by the environment on the gas:

Accepted Answer

A) is greatest for the polyatomic gas 
B) is greatest for the diatomic gas 
C) is greatest for the monatomic gas 
D) is the same only for the diatomic and polyatomic gases 
E) is the same for all three gases 
A) is greatest for the polyatomic gas 
B) is greatest for the diatomic gas 
C) is greatest for the monatomic gas 
D) is the same only for the diatomic and polyatomic gases 
E) is the same for all three gases

Question 15

Evidence that a gas consists mostly of empty space is the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A) the density of a gas becomes much greater when it is liquefied 
B) gases exert pressure on the walls of their containers 
C) gases are transparent 
D) heating a gas increases the molecular motion 
E) nature abhors a vacuum 
A) the density of a gas becomes much greater when it is liquefied 
B) gases exert pressure on the walls of their containers 
C) gases are transparent 
D) heating a gas increases the molecular motion 
E) nature abhors a vacuum

Question 16

The mean free path of a gas molecule is:

Accepted Answer

A) the shortest dimension of the containing vessel 
B) the cube root of the volume of the containing vessel 
C) approximately the diameter of a molecule 
D) average distance between adjacent molecules 
E) average distance a molecule travels between intermolecular collisions 
A) the shortest dimension of the containing vessel 
B) the cube root of the volume of the containing vessel 
C) approximately the diameter of a molecule 
D) average distance between adjacent molecules 
E) average distance a molecule travels between intermolecular collisions

Question 17

Platinum has a molar mass of 195 g/mol.If you have a ring that contains 2.3 g of platinum, how many moles does it contain?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.012 mol 
B) 85 mol 
C) 450 mol 
D) 7.2 x 1021 mol 
E) 1.4 x 1024 mol 
A) 0.012 mol 
B) 85 mol 
C) 450 mol 
D) 7.2 x 1021 mol 
E) 1.4 x 1024 mol

Question 18

Oxygen has a molar mass of 32 g/mol.If 12 moles of oxygen are in a 0.1-m3 container with an rms speed of 480 m/s, what is the pressure of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.9 x 105 Pa 
B) 2.1 x 106 Pa 
C) 3.4 x 107 Pa 
D) 2.9 x 108 Pa 
E) 2.1 x 109 Pa 
A) 2.9 x 105 Pa 
B) 2.1 x 106 Pa 
C) 3.4 x 107 Pa 
D) 2.9 x 108 Pa 
E) 2.1 x 109 Pa

Question 19

The root-mean-square speed of molecules in a gas is:

Accepted Answer

A) the most probable speed 
B) that speed such that half the molecules are moving faster than vrms and the other half are moving slower 
C) the average speed of the molecules 
D) the square root of the square of the average speed 
E) none of the above 
A) the most probable speed 
B) that speed such that half the molecules are moving faster than vrms and the other half are moving slower 
C) the average speed of the molecules 
D) the square root of the square of the average speed 
E) none of the above

Question 20

Two ideal gases, each consisting of N monatomic molecules, are in thermal equilibrium with each other and equilibrium is maintained as the temperature is increased.A molecule of the first gas has mass m and a molecule of the second has mass 4m.The ratio of the internal energies E4m/Em is:

Accepted Answer

A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 1 
D) 2 
E) 4 
A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 1 
D) 2 
E) 4

Exam 19: The Kinetic Theory of Gases

Consider the ratios of the heat capacities γ\gammaγ = Cp/Cv for the three types of ideal gases: monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic.

What is the relationship between the ideal gas constant R and the Boltzmann constant k?

Evidence that molecules of a gas are in constant motion is:

How many molecules are in a sample of 10-3 mol?

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the number of molecules with speeds within a small interval near the most probable speed:

A monatomic gas can have internal energy consisting of:

The temperature of a gas is most closely related to:

A sample of argon gas (molar mass 40 g)is at four times the absolute temperature of a sample of hydrogen gas (molar mass 2 g).The ratio of the rms speed of the argon molecules to that of the hydrogen is:

Two identical rooms in a house are connected by an open doorway.The temperatures in the two rooms are maintained at different values.Which room contains more air?

As the pressure in an ideal gas is increased isothermally the average molecular speed:

A real gas is changed slowly from state 1 to state 2.During this process no work is done on or by the gas.This process must be:

The specific heat at constant volume of an ideal gas depends on:

The ratio of the specific heat of an ideal gas at constant volume to its specific heat at constant pressure is:

Monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic ideal gases each undergo slow adiabatic expansions from the same initial volume and the same initial pressure to the same final volume.The magnitude of the work done by the environment on the gas:

Evidence that a gas consists mostly of empty space is the fact that:

The mean free path of a gas molecule is:

Platinum has a molar mass of 195 g/mol.If you have a ring that contains 2.3 g of platinum, how many moles does it contain?

Oxygen has a molar mass of 32 g/mol.If 12 moles of oxygen are in a 0.1-m3 container with an rms speed of 480 m/s, what is the pressure of the gas?

The root-mean-square speed of molecules in a gas is:

Two ideal gases, each consisting of N monatomic molecules, are in thermal equilibrium with each other and equilibrium is maintained as the temperature is increased.A molecule of the first gas has mass m and a molecule of the second has mass 4m.The ratio of the internal energies E4m/Em is:

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Consider the ratios of the heat capacities $\gamma$ = C_p/C_v for the three types of ideal gases: monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic.

How many molecules are in a sample of 10^-³ mol?

Oxygen has a molar mass of 32 g/mol.If 12 moles of oxygen are in a 0.1-m³ container with an rms speed of 480 m/s, what is the pressure of the gas?

Two ideal gases, each consisting of N monatomic molecules, are in thermal equilibrium with each other and equilibrium is maintained as the temperature is increased.A molecule of the first gas has mass m and a molecule of the second has mass 4m.The ratio of the internal energies E₄_m/E_m is: