Question 1

"A rising sea temperature results in a higher sea level." Evaluate this statement.

Accepted Answer

A)  It is false; more evaporation occurs at higher temperatures. 
B)  It is true; materials expand at higher temperatures. 
C)  It is true; the large quantity of glacier ice that melts when the sea temperature is higher. 
D)  It is false; when the sea temperature is higher, more water is returned to the continents. 
A)  It is false; more evaporation occurs at higher temperatures. 
B)  It is true; materials expand at higher temperatures. 
C)  It is true; the large quantity of glacier ice that melts when the sea temperature is higher. 
D)  It is false; when the sea temperature is higher, more water is returned to the continents.

Question 2

Which factor is not affected by a strong wind that blows for an extended time over deep water?

Accepted Answer

A)  wave height 
B)  wave position 
C)  wavelength 
D)  wave period 
A)  wave height 
B)  wave position 
C)  wavelength 
D)  wave period

Question 3

What kind of sand is on white-sand beaches? Black-sand beaches? Give some details about each type.

Accepted Answer

Many white-sand beaches contain mostly q

Question 4

Evaluate the following statement. "Beaches are often found at headlands."

Accepted Answer

A)  This statement is true. 
B)  This statement is probably true but incomplete; beaches are found on all sorts of shoreline features. 
C)  This statement is probably false; beaches are more often deposited in bays. 
D)  This statement is false; beaches are only deposited on long, straight stretches of coast. 
A)  This statement is true. 
B)  This statement is probably true but incomplete; beaches are found on all sorts of shoreline features. 
C)  This statement is probably false; beaches are more often deposited in bays. 
D)  This statement is false; beaches are only deposited on long, straight stretches of coast.

Question 5

The depth below which there is no wave motion is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  wavelength. 
B)  wave base. 
C)  wave period. 
D)  wave height. 
A)  wavelength. 
B)  wave base. 
C)  wave period. 
D)  wave height.

Question 6

What method was used to replenish Miami beach in the 1970s?

Accepted Answer

A)  New sea walls were built. 
B)  Sand was pumped back onto the beach. 
C)  Groins were built. 
D)  Dams were removed from nearby rivers. 
A)  New sea walls were built. 
B)  Sand was pumped back onto the beach. 
C)  Groins were built. 
D)  Dams were removed from nearby rivers.

Question 7

Irregularities in coastal outlines are least affected by

Accepted Answer

A)  joints. 
B)  bedding planes. 
C)  rock strength. 
D)  age of rock. 
A)  joints. 
B)  bedding planes. 
C)  rock strength. 
D)  age of rock.

Question 8

Which of the following is not considered a loss to the sediment budget for a shoreline?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sediment is carried farther along the shore by longshore currents. 
B)  Sediment is eroded from local sea cliffs and headlands. 
C)  Sand is blown off the beach on to adjacent coastal sand dunes. 
D)  Sediment is eroded by waves and carried offshore by rip currents. 
A)  Sediment is carried farther along the shore by longshore currents. 
B)  Sediment is eroded from local sea cliffs and headlands. 
C)  Sand is blown off the beach on to adjacent coastal sand dunes. 
D)  Sediment is eroded by waves and carried offshore by rip currents.

Question 9

The depth below which there is no wave motion is

Accepted Answer

A)  the same throughout the ocean. 
B)  close to the surface near the equator. 
C)  very deep near the poles. 
D)  equal to one-half the wavelength. 
A)  the same throughout the ocean. 
B)  close to the surface near the equator. 
C)  very deep near the poles. 
D)  equal to one-half the wavelength.

Question 10

Humans benefit from the persistent rise and fall of tides because they can be used as a source of

Accepted Answer

A)  fresh water. 
B)  coal. 
C)  electricity. 
D)  sediment. 
A)  fresh water. 
B)  coal. 
C)  electricity. 
D)  sediment.

Question 11

Name two reasons why the sediment-carrying capacity of water diminishes as it swashes up on the beach.

Accepted Answer

(1) The velocity of the water decreases

Question 12

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below. Wave refraction focuses erosion at headlands and favors deposition in adjacent bays along the shore because the velocity of water decreases as it moves upslope against the force of gravity.

Accepted Answer

A)  The assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect. 
B)  The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct. 
C)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. 
D)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. 
E)  Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect. 
A)  The assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect. 
B)  The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct. 
C)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. 
D)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. 
E)  Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

Question 13

When a wave reaches shore it piles a mass of water against the coast because water moves slowly

Accepted Answer

A)  towards the poles. 
B)  towards the equator. 
C)  in the direction of wave movement. 
D)  away from the shoreline. 
A)  towards the poles. 
B)  towards the equator. 
C)  in the direction of wave movement. 
D)  away from the shoreline.

Question 14

Typical ocean waves have wave heights of ________ meters.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.01 to 0.5 
B)  0.5 to 20 
C)  20 to 50 
D)  50 to 100 
A)  0.01 to 0.5 
B)  0.5 to 20 
C)  20 to 50 
D)  50 to 100

Question 15

The tide-gage record in New York City shows that the sea level over the last 100 years has

Accepted Answer

A)  dropped by an average of 1.1 centimeters per year. 
B)  risen by an average of 1.1 centimeters per year. 
C)  dropped by an average of 3 millimeters per year. 
D)  risen by an average of 3 millimeters per year. 
A)  dropped by an average of 1.1 centimeters per year. 
B)  risen by an average of 1.1 centimeters per year. 
C)  dropped by an average of 3 millimeters per year. 
D)  risen by an average of 3 millimeters per year.

Question 16

A sea-level rise of 1 centimeter commonly causes

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 1 meter of shoreline retreat. 
B)  less than 1 meter of shoreline sedimentation. 
C)  more than 1.5 meters of shoreline sedimentation. 
D)  more than 1.5 meters of shoreline retreat. 
A)  less than 1 meter of shoreline retreat. 
B)  less than 1 meter of shoreline sedimentation. 
C)  more than 1.5 meters of shoreline sedimentation. 
D)  more than 1.5 meters of shoreline retreat.

Question 17

Evaluate this statement. "Victims of the Indian Ocean tsunami on December 26, 2004, might have been saved if they realized that an extremely low water level at the shore was the trough of a huge wave."

Accepted Answer

A)  This statement is true. 
B)  This statement is false. Tsunamis have very long wavelengths but relatively short wave heights. 
C)  This statement is partially true. There is a low water level before a tsunami hits, but it is caused by the rolling movement of the wave, not a wave trough. 
D)  This statement is false. Victims would not have had time to run before the wave hit. 
A)  This statement is true. 
B)  This statement is false. Tsunamis have very long wavelengths but relatively short wave heights. 
C)  This statement is partially true. There is a low water level before a tsunami hits, but it is caused by the rolling movement of the wave, not a wave trough. 
D)  This statement is false. Victims would not have had time to run before the wave hit.

Question 18

Neap tides occur when

Accepted Answer

A)  the Moon's gravitational attraction is perpendicular to the Sun. 
B)  Earth, the Moon, and the Sun are all aligned. 
C)  the Moon and the Sun exert forces on Earth at a 45°angle. 
D)  the Moon and the Sun exert forces on Earth at a 60° angle. 
A)  the Moon's gravitational attraction is perpendicular to the Sun. 
B)  Earth, the Moon, and the Sun are all aligned. 
C)  the Moon and the Sun exert forces on Earth at a 45°angle. 
D)  the Moon and the Sun exert forces on Earth at a 60° angle.

Question 19

Which type of energy is least involved with waves crashing on a beach and retreating back to sea?

Accepted Answer

A)  frictional energy 
B)  mechanical energy 
C)  gravitational energy 
D)  sound energy 
A)  frictional energy 
B)  mechanical energy 
C)  gravitational energy 
D)  sound energy

Question 20

Typical ocean waves have periods of ________ seconds.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.01 to 0.5 
B)  0.5 to 5 
C)  5 to 20 
D)  20 to 100 
A)  0.01 to 0.5 
B)  0.5 to 5 
C)  5 to 20 
D)  20 to 100

Exam 19: Shorelines: Changing Landscapes Where Land Meets Sea

"A rising sea temperature results in a higher sea level." Evaluate this statement.

Which factor is not affected by a strong wind that blows for an extended time over deep water?

What kind of sand is on white-sand beaches? Black-sand beaches? Give some details about each type.

Evaluate the following statement. "Beaches are often found at headlands."

The depth below which there is no wave motion is called the

What method was used to replenish Miami beach in the 1970s?

Irregularities in coastal outlines are least affected by

Which of the following is not considered a loss to the sediment budget for a shoreline?

The depth below which there is no wave motion is

Humans benefit from the persistent rise and fall of tides because they can be used as a source of

Name two reasons why the sediment-carrying capacity of water diminishes as it swashes up on the beach.

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below. Wave refraction focuses erosion at headlands and favors deposition in adjacent bays along the shore because the velocity of water decreases as it moves upslope against the force of gravity.

When a wave reaches shore it piles a mass of water against the coast because water moves slowly

Typical ocean waves have wave heights of ________ meters.

The tide-gage record in New York City shows that the sea level over the last 100 years has

A sea-level rise of 1 centimeter commonly causes

Evaluate this statement. "Victims of the Indian Ocean tsunami on December 26, 2004, might have been saved if they realized that an extremely low water level at the shore was the trough of a huge wave."

Neap tides occur when

Which type of energy is least involved with waves crashing on a beach and retreating back to sea?

Typical ocean waves have periods of ________ seconds.

Why Study Earth

Minerals: Building Blocks of the Planet

Rocks and Rock-Forming Processes

Formation of Magma and Igneous Rocks

Formation of Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Formation of Metamorphic Rocks

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Making Earth

Motion Inside Earth

Deformation of Rocks

Global Tectonics: Plates and Plumes

Tectonics and Surface Relief

Soil Formation and Landscape Stability

Mass Movements: Landscapes in Motion

Streams: Flowing Water Shapes the Landscape

Water Flowing Underground

Glaciers: Cold-Climate Sculptors of Continents

Wind: a Global Geologic Process

Global Warming: Real Time Change in the Earth System

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