Question 1

The pressure of an ideal gas is doubled in an isothermal process. The root-mean-square speed of the molecules:

Accepted Answer

A)  does not change 
B)    
C)    
D)  increases by a factor of 2 
E)  decreases by a factor of 1/2 
A)  does not change 
B)    
C)    
D)  increases by a factor of 2 
E)  decreases by a factor of 1/2

Question 2

The mean free path of molecules in a gas is proportional to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the molecular cross-sectional area 
B)  the reciprocal of the molecular cross-sectional area 
C)  the root-mean-square molecular speed 
D)  the square of the average molecular speed 
E)  the molar mass 
A)  the molecular cross-sectional area 
B)  the reciprocal of the molecular cross-sectional area 
C)  the root-mean-square molecular speed 
D)  the square of the average molecular speed 
E)  the molar mass

Question 3

According to the kinetic theory of gases, the pressure of a gas is due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  change of kinetic energy of molecules as they strike the wall 
B)  change of momentum of molecules as they strike the wall 
C)  average kinetic energy of the molecules 
D)  force of repulsion between the molecules 
E)  rms speed of the molecules 
A)  change of kinetic energy of molecules as they strike the wall 
B)  change of momentum of molecules as they strike the wall 
C)  average kinetic energy of the molecules 
D)  force of repulsion between the molecules 
E)  rms speed of the molecules

Question 4

When work W is done on an ideal gas of diatomic molecules in thermal isolation the increase in the total translational kinetic energy of the molecules is:

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  2W/3 
C)  2W/5 
D)  3W/5 
E)  W 
A)  0 
B)  2W/3 
C)  2W/5 
D)  3W/5 
E)  W

Question 5

Air is pumped into a bicycle tire at constant temperature. The pressure increases because:

Accepted Answer

A)  more molecules strike the tire wall per second 
B)  the molecules are larger 
C)  the molecules are farther apart 
D)  each molecule is moving faster 
E)  each molecule has more kinetic energy 
A)  more molecules strike the tire wall per second 
B)  the molecules are larger 
C)  the molecules are farther apart 
D)  each molecule is moving faster 
E)  each molecule has more kinetic energy

Question 6

An ideal gas of N monatomic molecules is in thermal equilibrium with an ideal gas of the same number of diatomic molecules and equilibrium is maintained as temperature is increased. The ratio of the changes in the internal energies ΔEdia / Emon is:

Accepted Answer

A)  1/2 
B)  3/5 
C)  1 
D)  5/3 
E)  2 
A)  1/2 
B)  3/5 
C)  1 
D)  5/3 
E)  2

Question 7

The mean free path of molecules in a gas is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the average distance they travel before escaping 
B)  the average distance they travel between collisions 
C)  the greatest distance they travel between collisions 
D)  the shortest distance they travel between collisions 
E)  the average distance they travel before splitting apart 
A)  the average distance they travel before escaping 
B)  the average distance they travel between collisions 
C)  the greatest distance they travel between collisions 
D)  the shortest distance they travel between collisions 
E)  the average distance they travel before splitting apart

Question 8

Consider the ratios of the heat capacities $\gamma$ = Cp/Cv for the three types of ideal gases: monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic.

Accepted Answer

A)  $\gamma$ is the greatest for monatomic gases 
B)  $\gamma$ is the greatest for polyatomic gases 
C)  $\gamma$ is the same only for diatomic and polyatomic gases 
D)  $\gamma$ is the same only for monatomic and diatomic gases 
E)  $\gamma$is the same for all three 
A)  $\gamma$ is the greatest for monatomic gases 
B)  $\gamma$ is the greatest for polyatomic gases 
C)  $\gamma$ is the same only for diatomic and polyatomic gases 
D)  $\gamma$ is the same only for monatomic and diatomic gases 
E)  $\gamma$is the same for all three

Question 9

The diagram shows three isotherms for an ideal gas, with T3-T2 the same as T2-T1. It also shows five thermodynamic processes caried out on the gas. Rank the processes in order change in the internal energy of the gas, least to greatest.

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, III, IV, V 
B)  V, then I, III, and IV tied, then II 
C)  V, I, then I, III, and IV tied, then II 
D)  IV, V, III, I, II 
E)  II, I, then III, IV, and V tied 
A)  I, II, III, IV, V 
B)  V, then I, III, and IV tied, then II 
C)  V, I, then I, III, and IV tied, then II 
D)  IV, V, III, I, II 
E)  II, I, then III, IV, and V tied

Question 10

Evidence that a gas consists mostly of empty space is the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the density of a gas becomes much greater when it is liquefied 
B)  gases exert pressure on the walls of their containers 
C)  gases are transparent 
D)  heating a gas increases the molecular motion 
E)  nature abhors a vacuum 
A)  the density of a gas becomes much greater when it is liquefied 
B)  gases exert pressure on the walls of their containers 
C)  gases are transparent 
D)  heating a gas increases the molecular motion 
E)  nature abhors a vacuum

Question 11

Evidence that molecules of a gas are in constant motion is:

Accepted Answer

A)  winds exert pressure 
B)  two gases interdiffuse quickly 
C)  warm air rises 
D)  energy as heat is needed to vaporize a liquid 
E)  gases are easily compressed 
A)  winds exert pressure 
B)  two gases interdiffuse quickly 
C)  warm air rises 
D)  energy as heat is needed to vaporize a liquid 
E)  gases are easily compressed

Question 12

The mass of an oxygen molecule is 16 times that of a hydrogen molecule. At room temperature, the ratio of the rms speed of an oxygen molecule to that of a hydrogen molecule is:

Accepted Answer

A)  16 
B)  4 
C)  1 
D)  1/4 
E)  1/16 
A)  16 
B)  4 
C)  1 
D)  1/4 
E)  1/16

Question 13

273 cm3 of an ideal gas is at 0 $\degree$C. It is heated at constant pressure to 10 $\degree$C. It will now occupy:

Accepted Answer

A)  263 cm3 
B)  273 cm3 
C)  283 cm3 
D)  278 cm3 
E)  293 cm3 
A)  263 cm3 
B)  273 cm3 
C)  283 cm3 
D)  278 cm3 
E)  293 cm3

Question 14

A gas is confined to a cylindrical container of radius 1 cm and length 1 m. The pressure exerted on an end face, compared with the pressure exerted on the long curved face, is:

Accepted Answer

A)  smaller because its area is smaller 
B)  smaller because most molecules cannot traverse the length of the cylinder without undergoing collisions 
C)  larger because the face is flat 
D)  larger because the molecules have a greater distance in which to accelerate before they strike the face 
E)  none of these 
A)  smaller because its area is smaller 
B)  smaller because most molecules cannot traverse the length of the cylinder without undergoing collisions 
C)  larger because the face is flat 
D)  larger because the molecules have a greater distance in which to accelerate before they strike the face 
E)  none of these

Question 15

The force on the walls of a vessel of a contained gas is due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  repulsive force between gas molecules 
B)  slight loss in average speed of a gas molecule after collision with wall 
C)  change in momentum of a gas molecule due to collision with wall 
D)  elastic collisions between gas molecules 
E)  inelastic collisions between gas molecules 
A)  repulsive force between gas molecules 
B)  slight loss in average speed of a gas molecule after collision with wall 
C)  change in momentum of a gas molecule due to collision with wall 
D)  elastic collisions between gas molecules 
E)  inelastic collisions between gas molecules

Question 16

If the molecules in a tank of hydrogen have the same rms speed as the molecules in a tank of oxygen, we may be sure that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the pressures are the same 
B)  the hydrogen is at the higher temperature 
C)  the hydrogen is at the greater pressure 
D)  the temperatures are the same 
E)  the oxygen is at the higher temperature 
A)  the pressures are the same 
B)  the hydrogen is at the higher temperature 
C)  the hydrogen is at the greater pressure 
D)  the temperatures are the same 
E)  the oxygen is at the higher temperature

Question 17

The Maxwellian speed distribution provides a direct explanation of:

Accepted Answer

A)  thermal expansion 
B)  the ideal gas law 
C)  heat 
D)  evaporation 
E)  boiling 
A)  thermal expansion 
B)  the ideal gas law 
C)  heat 
D)  evaporation 
E)  boiling

Question 18

As the pressure in an ideal gas is increased isothermally the average molecular speed:

Accepted Answer

A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases at high temperature, decreases at low 
D)  decreases at high temperature, increases at low 
E)  stays the same 
A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases at high temperature, decreases at low 
D)  decreases at high temperature, increases at low 
E)  stays the same

Question 19

An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal process starting with a pressure of 2*105 Pa and a volume of 6 cm3. Which of the following might be the pressure and volume of the final state?

Accepted Answer

A)  1* 105 Pa and 10cm3 
B)  3 * 105 Pa and 6 cm3 
C)  4 * 105 Pa and 4 cm3 
D)  6 * 105 Pa and 2 cm3 
E)  8 * 105 Pa and 2 cm3 
A)  1* 105 Pa and 10cm3 
B)  3 * 105 Pa and 6 cm3 
C)  4 * 105 Pa and 4 cm3 
D)  6 * 105 Pa and 2 cm3 
E)  8 * 105 Pa and 2 cm3

Question 20

During a slow adiabatic expansion of a gas:

Accepted Answer

A)  the pressure remains constant 
B)  energy is added as heat 
C)  work is done on the gas 
D)  no energy enters or leaves as heat 
E)  the temperature is constant 
A)  the pressure remains constant 
B)  energy is added as heat 
C)  work is done on the gas 
D)  no energy enters or leaves as heat 
E)  the temperature is constant

Exam 19: The Kinetic Theory of Gases

The pressure of an ideal gas is doubled in an isothermal process. The root-mean-square speed of the molecules:

The mean free path of molecules in a gas is proportional to:

According to the kinetic theory of gases, the pressure of a gas is due to:

When work W is done on an ideal gas of diatomic molecules in thermal isolation the increase in the total translational kinetic energy of the molecules is:

Air is pumped into a bicycle tire at constant temperature. The pressure increases because:

An ideal gas of N monatomic molecules is in thermal equilibrium with an ideal gas of the same number of diatomic molecules and equilibrium is maintained as temperature is increased. The ratio of the changes in the internal energies ΔEdia / Emon is:

The mean free path of molecules in a gas is:

Consider the ratios of the heat capacities γ\gammaγ = Cp/Cv for the three types of ideal gases: monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic.

The diagram shows three isotherms for an ideal gas, with T3-T2 the same as T2-T1. It also shows five thermodynamic processes caried out on the gas. Rank the processes in order change in the internal energy of the gas, least to greatest.

Evidence that a gas consists mostly of empty space is the fact that:

Evidence that molecules of a gas are in constant motion is:

The mass of an oxygen molecule is 16 times that of a hydrogen molecule. At room temperature, the ratio of the rms speed of an oxygen molecule to that of a hydrogen molecule is:

273 cm3 of an ideal gas is at 0 °\degree° C. It is heated at constant pressure to 10 °\degree° C. It will now occupy:

A gas is confined to a cylindrical container of radius 1 cm and length 1 m. The pressure exerted on an end face, compared with the pressure exerted on the long curved face, is:

The force on the walls of a vessel of a contained gas is due to:

If the molecules in a tank of hydrogen have the same rms speed as the molecules in a tank of oxygen, we may be sure that:

The Maxwellian speed distribution provides a direct explanation of:

As the pressure in an ideal gas is increased isothermally the average molecular speed:

An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal process starting with a pressure of 2*105 Pa and a volume of 6 cm3. Which of the following might be the pressure and volume of the final state?

During a slow adiabatic expansion of a gas:

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An ideal gas of N monatomic molecules is in thermal equilibrium with an ideal gas of the same number of diatomic molecules and equilibrium is maintained as temperature is increased. The ratio of the changes in the internal energies ΔE_{dia /}E_mon is:

Consider the ratios of the heat capacities $\gamma$ = C_p/C_v for the three types of ideal gases: monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic.

The diagram shows three isotherms for an ideal gas, with T₃-T₂the same as T₂-T₁. It also shows five thermodynamic processes caried out on the gas. Rank the processes in order change in the internal energy of the gas, least to greatest.

273 cm³ of an ideal gas is at 0 $\degree$ C. It is heated at constant pressure to 10 $\degree$ C. It will now occupy:

An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal process starting with a pressure of 2*10⁵ Pa and a volume of 6 cm³. Which of the following might be the pressure and volume of the final state?