Question 1

Steroid hormones are an example of an effector which regulates regulatory transcription factor activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is the most likely location of an insulator sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  At the end of a gene 
B)  In the middle of a gene 
C)  At the beginning of a gene 
D)  Between two genes 
E)  Within an intron 
A)  At the end of a gene 
B)  In the middle of a gene 
C)  At the beginning of a gene 
D)  Between two genes 
E)  Within an intron

Question 3

What activates CREB?

Accepted Answer

A)  Binding of cAMP 
B)  Phosphorylation 
C)  Dimerization 
D)  Lowering of cAMP concentration 
E)  Binding to GRE 
A)  Binding of cAMP 
B)  Phosphorylation 
C)  Dimerization 
D)  Lowering of cAMP concentration 
E)  Binding to GRE

Question 4

Which one of the following directly interacts with the DNA as a transcriptional regulator?

Accepted Answer

A)  cAMP 
B)  G protein 
C)  Protein kinase A 
D)  CREB protein dimer 
E)  Glucocorticoid response element 
A)  cAMP 
B)  G protein 
C)  Protein kinase A 
D)  CREB protein dimer 
E)  Glucocorticoid response element

Question 5

What might happen if the insulator between two genes is missing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Without the insulator, neither gene can be transcribed. 
B)  Transcription factors influencing one gene's expression may abnormally influence a neighboring gene's expression. 
C)  Transcription factors will not be able to influence the expression of either gene. 
D)  Without insulation, both genes will be expressed at maximal levels. 
E)  Transcription factors will not be able to bind to the insulator. 
A)  Without the insulator, neither gene can be transcribed. 
B)  Transcription factors influencing one gene's expression may abnormally influence a neighboring gene's expression. 
C)  Transcription factors will not be able to influence the expression of either gene. 
D)  Without insulation, both genes will be expressed at maximal levels. 
E)  Transcription factors will not be able to bind to the insulator.

Question 6

In the presence of abundant iron in the cell, the iron binds IRP. The complex is then released from IREs leading to

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in ferritin mRNA translation and a decrease in transferrin receptor mRNA stability. 
B)  an increase in transferrin receptor mRNA stability and a decrease in ferritin mRNA translation. 
C)  an increase in transferrin receptor mRNA stability and ferritin mRNA translation. 
D)  an decrease in transferrin receptor mRNA stability and ferritin mRNA translation. 
A)  an increase in ferritin mRNA translation and a decrease in transferrin receptor mRNA stability. 
B)  an increase in transferrin receptor mRNA stability and a decrease in ferritin mRNA translation. 
C)  an increase in transferrin receptor mRNA stability and ferritin mRNA translation. 
D)  an decrease in transferrin receptor mRNA stability and ferritin mRNA translation.

Question 7

A transactivation domain is an example of a motif found in transcription factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When a glucocorticoid hormone binds to the glucocorticoid receptor, HSP90 is released.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A particular cell contains all of the standard histones but lacks several histone variants. Which of the following MAY be true of this cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell will be completely unable to remodel its chromatin. 
B)  The cell will have an enhanced ability to chemically modify its histones. 
C)  The cell will be unable to express any of its genes at all. 
D)  The cell will express different sets of genes than other cells in the same organism. 
E)  The cell will not be able to divide. 
A)  The cell will be completely unable to remodel its chromatin. 
B)  The cell will have an enhanced ability to chemically modify its histones. 
C)  The cell will be unable to express any of its genes at all. 
D)  The cell will express different sets of genes than other cells in the same organism. 
E)  The cell will not be able to divide.

Question 10

Which of the following is a major finding from the ENCODE project?

Accepted Answer

A)  More than 80% of the human genome sequence is linked to a biological function. 
B)  In humans, one gene encodes exactly one protein. 
C)  Genes were identified for all known diseases. 
D)  There are more than 10 million regulatory sites in human DNA. 
A)  More than 80% of the human genome sequence is linked to a biological function. 
B)  In humans, one gene encodes exactly one protein. 
C)  Genes were identified for all known diseases. 
D)  There are more than 10 million regulatory sites in human DNA.

Question 11

What would be the result of a mutation in Hsp90 that prevented its binding to the glucocorticoid receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucocorticoid receptor could not form a dimer 
B)  The nuclear localization signal would no longer function 
C)  Expression of the regulated genes would become constitutive 
D)  The hormone would not be able to bind to the glucocorticoid receptor 
A)  Glucocorticoid receptor could not form a dimer 
B)  The nuclear localization signal would no longer function 
C)  Expression of the regulated genes would become constitutive 
D)  The hormone would not be able to bind to the glucocorticoid receptor

Question 12

Which of the following recognizes response elements, control elements, and regulatory elements?

Accepted Answer

A)  General transcription factors 
B)  Regulatory transcription factors 
C)  Mediator 
D)  Transactivation domains 
A)  General transcription factors 
B)  Regulatory transcription factors 
C)  Mediator 
D)  Transactivation domains

Question 13

Which of the following is a region in DNA that binds to a steroid receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  GRE 
B)  IRE 
C)  CRE 
D)  CREB 
A)  GRE 
B)  IRE 
C)  CRE 
D)  CREB

Question 14

For which of the following histones has variant forms not yet been identified?

Accepted Answer

A)  H1 
B)  H2A 
C)  H2B 
D)  H3 
E)  H4 
A)  H1 
B)  H2A 
C)  H2B 
D)  H3 
E)  H4

Question 15

Transcription factors are proteins that influence the ability of the RNA polymerase to transcribe a gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which DNA sequence important for gene expression is usually contained within the NFR?

Accepted Answer

A)  Core promoter 
B)  CREB binding site 
C)  Histone binding site 
D)  Transcription termination sequence 
E)  Hormone response element 
A)  Core promoter 
B)  CREB binding site 
C)  Histone binding site 
D)  Transcription termination sequence 
E)  Hormone response element

Question 17

The activity of some transcription factors can be regulated by covalent modifications.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Histone acetyltransferases are directly involved in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Removal of histones from chromatin 
B)  Movement of nucleosomes 
C)  Chemical modification of histones 
D)  Termination of gene expression 
E)  Insertion of variant histone proteins 
A)  Removal of histones from chromatin 
B)  Movement of nucleosomes 
C)  Chemical modification of histones 
D)  Termination of gene expression 
E)  Insertion of variant histone proteins

Question 19

cAMP is known as a second messenger since the pathway is first activated by a extracellular signaling molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 15: Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes I: Transcriptional and Translation Regulation

Steroid hormones are an example of an effector which regulates regulatory transcription factor activity.

Which of the following is the most likely location of an insulator sequence?

What activates CREB?

Which one of the following directly interacts with the DNA as a transcriptional regulator?

What might happen if the insulator between two genes is missing?

In the presence of abundant iron in the cell, the iron binds IRP. The complex is then released from IREs leading to

A transactivation domain is an example of a motif found in transcription factors.

When a glucocorticoid hormone binds to the glucocorticoid receptor, HSP90 is released.

A particular cell contains all of the standard histones but lacks several histone variants. Which of the following MAY be true of this cell?

Which of the following is a major finding from the ENCODE project?

What would be the result of a mutation in Hsp90 that prevented its binding to the glucocorticoid receptor?

Which of the following recognizes response elements, control elements, and regulatory elements?

Which of the following is a region in DNA that binds to a steroid receptor?

For which of the following histones has variant forms not yet been identified?

Transcription factors are proteins that influence the ability of the RNA polymerase to transcribe a gene.

Which DNA sequence important for gene expression is usually contained within the NFR?

The activity of some transcription factors can be regulated by covalent modifications.

Histone acetyltransferases are directly involved in which of the following?

cAMP is known as a second messenger since the pathway is first activated by a extracellular signaling molecule.

Overview of Genetics

Mendelian Inheritance

Chromosome Transmission During Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Molecular Structure of Dna and Rna

Chromosome Organization and Molecular Structure

Dna Replication

Gene Transcription and Rna Modification

Translation of Mrna

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes Ii: Epigenetics

Non-Coding Rnas

Genetics of Viruses

Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Recombination, Immunogenetics, and Transposition

Molecular Technologies

Biotechnology

Genomics I: Analysis of Dna

Genomics Ii: Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics

Medical Genetics and Cancer

Developmental Genetics

Population Genetics

Complex and Quantitative Traits

Evolutionary Genetics

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