Exam 25: Medical Genetics and Cancer

In the United States, most newborns undergo a test for primary congenital hypothyroidism, a condition where people are unable to produce enough thyroid hormone. On a nationwide basis, this is an example of

Select the statements that are associated with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Check all that apply.

DNA damage is sensed by E2F at the G1 and G2 checkpoints.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia is an example of a proto-oncogene activation by ________.

In a disease that is associated with a single recessive allele, the concordance among dizygotic twins should be ________, assuming both parents are heterozygous carriers.

When a scientist is attempting to use haplotype analysis to link a disease-causing allele to a molecular marker, it is important for the marker to be close to the disease-causing allele, otherwise ________ may occur.

Herceptin is a drug that is given to treat certain breast cancers. However, it is most effective on tumors that are overexpressing HER2. Therefore, patients are tested for HER2 overexpression before being given Herceptin. This is an example of

The general approach in which researchers and clinicians use methods that enable them to understand the molecular changes that occur in diseases such as cancer is called ________.

How can a tumor suppressor gene lose its function? Check all that apply.

The age at which a disease appears in an organism is called the ________.

Select the events that can convert a proto-oncogene into an oncogene. Check all that apply.

Checkpoint proteins are encoded by ________.

Select the factors that would indicate that a disease had a genetic, rather than an environmental, cause. Check all that apply.

An environmental agent that causes cancer is called a ________.

A pedigree analysis is the study of family trees to establish patterns of inheritance.

Programmed cell death is called genome maintenance.

In the analysis of a family, you notice that males are more likely to contract a certain disease and the daughters of affected males produce 50% of their sons affected with the disease. This disease is displaying what pattern of inheritance?

The majority of human cancers are caused by ________.

When GTP is bound to Ras, it is in the ________ form.

A ________ is a cellular gene that has the potential to become an oncogene.