Question 1

Telomeres are necessary because

Accepted Answer

A)  without them, the ends of a chromosome would grow by approximately 100 base pairs with each replication. 
B)  Okazaki fragments no longer need a binding region. 
C)  they aid in the replication of prokaryotic genomes. 
D)  without them, the ends of a chromosome would shorten by approximately 100 base pairs with each replication. 
A)  without them, the ends of a chromosome would grow by approximately 100 base pairs with each replication. 
B)  Okazaki fragments no longer need a binding region. 
C)  they aid in the replication of prokaryotic genomes. 
D)  without them, the ends of a chromosome would shorten by approximately 100 base pairs with each replication.

Question 2

Which of the following are NOT mobile genetic elements that you could expect to find associated with a prokaryotic genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  telomeres 
B)  transposons 
C)  prophages 
D)  plasmids 
A)  telomeres 
B)  transposons 
C)  prophages 
D)  plasmids

Question 3

List three ways in which horizontal gene transfer is different from sexual reproduction.

Accepted Answer

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT)

Question 4

Summarize the composition of the human genome as it relates to various molecular functions.

Accepted Answer

In most eukaryotic genomes, only a relat

Question 5

Recombination rates across a chromosome

Accepted Answer

A)  are highly variable. 
B)  are negligible at recombination hotspots. 
C)  are nearly equal at all positions. 
D)  do not affect linkage disequilibrium. 
A)  are highly variable. 
B)  are negligible at recombination hotspots. 
C)  are nearly equal at all positions. 
D)  do not affect linkage disequilibrium.

Question 6

The C-value paradox is

Accepted Answer

A)  the lack of correlation between genome size and organismal complexity. 
B)  unresolved due to the presence of noncoding DNA. 
C)  resolved by the discovery of linkage disequilibrium. 
D)  the strong correlation between genome size and organismal complexity. 
A)  the lack of correlation between genome size and organismal complexity. 
B)  unresolved due to the presence of noncoding DNA. 
C)  resolved by the discovery of linkage disequilibrium. 
D)  the strong correlation between genome size and organismal complexity.

Question 7

Eukaryotic genome size is

Accepted Answer

A)  tightly correlated with organismal complexity. 
B)  not well correlated with organismal complexity. 
C)  approximately the same in all eukaryotes. 
D)  typically smaller than prokaryotic genome size. 
A)  tightly correlated with organismal complexity. 
B)  not well correlated with organismal complexity. 
C)  approximately the same in all eukaryotes. 
D)  typically smaller than prokaryotic genome size.

Question 8

In the figure shown, what is the range of genome size for protozoa? What does this tell us about the relationship between genome size and organismal complexity?

Accepted Answer

Protozoans have genome sizes that range

Question 9

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and humans have nearly identical numbers of protein-coding genes, yet humans have much more complex organismal features. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the C-value paradox. 
B)  the G-value paradox. 
C)  cell size paradox. 
D)  linkage disequilibrium. 
A)  the C-value paradox. 
B)  the G-value paradox. 
C)  cell size paradox. 
D)  linkage disequilibrium.

Question 10

Viral genomes

Accepted Answer

A)  consist only of DNA. 
B)  consist only of RNA. 
C)  may consist of DNA or RNA. 
D)  are always found as a single circular chromosome. 
A)  consist only of DNA. 
B)  consist only of RNA. 
C)  may consist of DNA or RNA. 
D)  are always found as a single circular chromosome.

Question 11

Bacteriophage MS2 was the first organism to have its entire genome sequenced, and this was facilitated by

Accepted Answer

A)  the bacteriophage's long and complex genome. 
B)  the bacteriophage's exceptionally small genome. 
C)  previous sequencing of bacterial genomes. 
D)  the bacteriophage's role as a human pathogen. 
A)  the bacteriophage's long and complex genome. 
B)  the bacteriophage's exceptionally small genome. 
C)  previous sequencing of bacterial genomes. 
D)  the bacteriophage's role as a human pathogen.

Question 12

In the figure shown, a double crossing-over event occurs between the Alu elements. How does this event illustrate a means by which introns generate genetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

In the presence of introns, the much gre

Question 13

The G-value paradox states that

Accepted Answer

A)  genome size does not correlate with organismal complexity. 
B)  the number of protein-coding sequences does not correlate with organismal complexity. 
C)  genome size does not correlate with the number of protein-coding sequences. 
D)  organismal complexity does not correlate with the number of chromosomes. 
A)  genome size does not correlate with organismal complexity. 
B)  the number of protein-coding sequences does not correlate with organismal complexity. 
C)  genome size does not correlate with the number of protein-coding sequences. 
D)  organismal complexity does not correlate with the number of chromosomes.

Question 14

In what ways do prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes differ?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic genomes differ dramatically f

Question 15

Which of the following is FALSE regarding viral genomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  The remarkable diversity that viruses exhibit in their genetic material suggests that they may be evolutionarily ancient. 
B)  Many viral genes lack orthologs in cellular life-forms. 
C)  RNA viruses tend to have larger genomes than DNA viruses. 
D)  Viral genomes tend to be extremely compact. 
A)  The remarkable diversity that viruses exhibit in their genetic material suggests that they may be evolutionarily ancient. 
B)  Many viral genes lack orthologs in cellular life-forms. 
C)  RNA viruses tend to have larger genomes than DNA viruses. 
D)  Viral genomes tend to be extremely compact.

Question 16

Which of the following would you expect to have the largest diploid cell size?

Accepted Answer

A)  Siamese fighting fish, genome size 630 Mb 
B)  African clawed toad, genome size 3,080 Mb 
C)  Yellow-spotted salamander, genome size 29,300 Mb 
D)  Red-spotted newt, genome size 39,100 Mb 
A)  Siamese fighting fish, genome size 630 Mb 
B)  African clawed toad, genome size 3,080 Mb 
C)  Yellow-spotted salamander, genome size 29,300 Mb 
D)  Red-spotted newt, genome size 39,100 Mb

Question 17

For the syntenic dot plot below, what does the shorter line in between and perpendicular to the two longer lines represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  matching gene sequences 
B)  a chromosomal inversion 
C)  a synonymous mutation 
D)  a region with high mutation rates 
A)  matching gene sequences 
B)  a chromosomal inversion 
C)  a synonymous mutation 
D)  a region with high mutation rates

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding haplotype blocks is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Within haplotype blocks, there is minimal genetic diversity. 
B)  Within haplotype blocks, recombination is rare. 
C)  Within haplotype blocks, linkage disequilibrium is high. 
D)  Within haplotype blocks, recombination hotspots break down disequilibrium. 
A)  Within haplotype blocks, there is minimal genetic diversity. 
B)  Within haplotype blocks, recombination is rare. 
C)  Within haplotype blocks, linkage disequilibrium is high. 
D)  Within haplotype blocks, recombination hotspots break down disequilibrium.

Question 19

Consider two species, one of which has an effective population size that is five orders of magnitude greater than the other. In which species would you expect to see a smaller genome size? Explain your reasoning.

Accepted Answer

The species with the larger effective po

Question 20

Which of the following are NOT a vehicle for horizontal gene transfer?

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmids 
B)  bacteriophages 
C)  endosymbiosis 
D)  centromeres 
A)  plasmids 
B)  bacteriophages 
C)  endosymbiosis 
D)  centromeres

Telomeres are necessary because

Which of the following are NOT mobile genetic elements that you could expect to find associated with a prokaryotic genome?

List three ways in which horizontal gene transfer is different from sexual reproduction.

Summarize the composition of the human genome as it relates to various molecular functions.

Recombination rates across a chromosome

The C-value paradox is

Eukaryotic genome size is

In the figure shown, what is the range of genome size for protozoa? What does this tell us about the relationship between genome size and organismal complexity?

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and humans have nearly identical numbers of protein-coding genes, yet humans have much more complex organismal features. This is an example of

Viral genomes

Bacteriophage MS2 was the first organism to have its entire genome sequenced, and this was facilitated by

In the figure shown, a double crossing-over event occurs between the Alu elements. How does this event illustrate a means by which introns generate genetic diversity?

The G-value paradox states that

In what ways do prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes differ?

Which of the following is FALSE regarding viral genomes?

Which of the following would you expect to have the largest diploid cell size?

For the syntenic dot plot below, what does the shorter line in between and perpendicular to the two longer lines represent?

Which of the following statements regarding haplotype blocks is FALSE?

Consider two species, one of which has an effective population size that is five orders of magnitude greater than the other. In which species would you expect to see a smaller genome size? Explain your reasoning.

Which of the following are NOT a vehicle for horizontal gene transfer?

An Overview of Evolutionary Biology

Early Evolutionary Ideas and Darwin S Insight

Natural Selection

Phylogeny and Evolutionary History

Inferring Phylogeny

Transmission Genetics and the Sources of Genetic Variation

The Genetics of Populations

Evolution in Finite Populations

Evolution at Multiple Loci

The Origin and Evolution of Early Life

Major Transitions

Evolution and Development

Species and Speciation

Extinction and Evolutionary Trends

The Evolution of Sex

The Evolution of Sociality

Coevolution

Human Evolution

Evolution and Medicine

Filters

Exam 10: Genome Evolution

Telomeres are necessary because

Which of the following are NOT mobile genetic elements that you could expect to find associated with a prokaryotic genome?

List three ways in which horizontal gene transfer is different from sexual reproduction.

Summarize the composition of the human genome as it relates to various molecular functions.

Recombination rates across a chromosome

The C-value paradox is

Eukaryotic genome size is

In the figure shown, what is the range of genome size for protozoa? What does this tell us about the relationship between genome size and organismal complexity?

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and humans have nearly identical numbers of protein-coding genes, yet humans have much more complex organismal features. This is an example of

Viral genomes

Bacteriophage MS2 was the first organism to have its entire genome sequenced, and this was facilitated by

In the figure shown, a double crossing-over event occurs between the Alu elements. How does this event illustrate a means by which introns generate genetic diversity?

The G-value paradox states that

In what ways do prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes differ?

Which of the following is FALSE regarding viral genomes?

Which of the following would you expect to have the largest diploid cell size?

For the syntenic dot plot below, what does the shorter line in between and perpendicular to the two longer lines represent?

Which of the following statements regarding haplotype blocks is FALSE?

Consider two species, one of which has an effective population size that is five orders of magnitude greater than the other. In which species would you expect to see a smaller genome size? Explain your reasoning.

Which of the following are NOT a vehicle for horizontal gene transfer?

An Overview of Evolutionary Biology

Early Evolutionary Ideas and Darwin S Insight

Natural Selection

Phylogeny and Evolutionary History

Inferring Phylogeny

Transmission Genetics and the Sources of Genetic Variation

The Genetics of Populations

Evolution in Finite Populations

Evolution at Multiple Loci

The Origin and Evolution of Early Life

Major Transitions

Evolution and Development

Species and Speciation

Extinction and Evolutionary Trends

The Evolution of Sex

The Evolution of Sociality

Coevolution

Human Evolution

Evolution and Medicine

Filters