Question 1

The Miller-Urey experiment is significant because it produced the first scientific evidence that

Accepted Answer

A)  conditions on Earth 4 billion years ago could produce RNA. 
B)  conditions on Earth 4 billion years ago could produce amino acids. 
C)  it is possible to produce LUCA in the laboratory. 
D)  it is possible to produce DNA under the same conditions as on Earth 4 billion years ago. 
A)  conditions on Earth 4 billion years ago could produce RNA. 
B)  conditions on Earth 4 billion years ago could produce amino acids. 
C)  it is possible to produce LUCA in the laboratory. 
D)  it is possible to produce DNA under the same conditions as on Earth 4 billion years ago.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a shared property of living things?

Accepted Answer

A)  sexual reproduction 
B)  structural organization 
C)  homeostasis 
D)  response to the environment 
A)  sexual reproduction 
B)  structural organization 
C)  homeostasis 
D)  response to the environment

Question 3

Sol Spiegelman and colleagues demonstrated natural selection in RNA replications because in their experiments

Accepted Answer

A)  the researchers chose which RNA molecules to replicate. 
B)  RNA was self-replicating. 
C)  RNA molecules had differential survival and reproduction rates. 
D)  RNA was copied into DNA. 
A)  the researchers chose which RNA molecules to replicate. 
B)  RNA was self-replicating. 
C)  RNA molecules had differential survival and reproduction rates. 
D)  RNA was copied into DNA.

Question 4

Encapsulation of a hypercycle would NOT be favored when

Accepted Answer

A)  the costs of a membrane exceed the benefits of the cycle. 
B)  the membrane provides a defensive mechanism. 
C)  natural selection favors mutations in component members. 
D)  RNA components act through molecular mutualism. 
A)  the costs of a membrane exceed the benefits of the cycle. 
B)  the membrane provides a defensive mechanism. 
C)  natural selection favors mutations in component members. 
D)  RNA components act through molecular mutualism.

Question 5

Ribozymes are

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA enzymes. 
B)  proteins. 
C)  capable of replicating RNA. 
D)  capable of copying RNA into DNA. 
A)  RNA enzymes. 
B)  proteins. 
C)  capable of replicating RNA. 
D)  capable of copying RNA into DNA.

Question 6

How has the role of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in evolution changed over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Early life-forms had modular genomes for which HGT played a large role in adaptation. This role has decreased over time. 
B)  Early life-forms had modular genomes for which HGT played a large role in adaptation. This role has increased over time. 
C)  Early life-forms were fixed entities, and the only way to adapt was through HGT. HGT no longer occurs. 
D)  HGT was irrelevant for early life-forms. HGT is a more recent phenomenon and is important for current adaptations. 
A)  Early life-forms had modular genomes for which HGT played a large role in adaptation. This role has decreased over time. 
B)  Early life-forms had modular genomes for which HGT played a large role in adaptation. This role has increased over time. 
C)  Early life-forms were fixed entities, and the only way to adapt was through HGT. HGT no longer occurs. 
D)  HGT was irrelevant for early life-forms. HGT is a more recent phenomenon and is important for current adaptations.

Question 7

What did Carl Woese hypothesize about early cell evolution and how does it affect our view of the origin of living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Woese hypothesized that during early cel

Question 8

Which letter indicates where LUCA is found on this phylogenetic tree?

Accepted Answer

A)  D 
B)  E 
C)  C 
D)  B 
A)  D 
B)  E 
C)  C 
D)  B

Question 9

What is the evolutionary relationship between mutation rates and DNA proofreading and repair?

Accepted Answer

Because DNA has proofreading a

Question 10

The graph shown plots average ocean temperature, with two different estimates, using different methods. What has been the long-term trend over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ocean temperature has stayed the same since Earth formed. 
B)  Ocean temperature has increased since Earth formed. 
C)  Ocean temperature has fluctuated wildly, and no discernable trend can be found. 
D)  Ocean temperature has decreased since Earth formed. 
A)  Ocean temperature has stayed the same since Earth formed. 
B)  Ocean temperature has increased since Earth formed. 
C)  Ocean temperature has fluctuated wildly, and no discernable trend can be found. 
D)  Ocean temperature has decreased since Earth formed.

The Miller-Urey experiment is significant because it produced the first scientific evidence that

Which of the following is NOT a shared property of living things?

Sol Spiegelman and colleagues demonstrated natural selection in RNA replications because in their experiments

Encapsulation of a hypercycle would NOT be favored when

Ribozymes are

How has the role of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in evolution changed over time?

What did Carl Woese hypothesize about early cell evolution and how does it affect our view of the origin of living organisms?

Which letter indicates where LUCA is found on this phylogenetic tree?

What is the evolutionary relationship between mutation rates and DNA proofreading and repair?

The graph shown plots average ocean temperature, with two different estimates, using different methods. What has been the long-term trend over time?

An Overview of Evolutionary Biology

Early Evolutionary Ideas and Darwin S Insight

Natural Selection

Phylogeny and Evolutionary History

Inferring Phylogeny

Transmission Genetics and the Sources of Genetic Variation

The Genetics of Populations

Evolution in Finite Populations

Evolution at Multiple Loci

Genome Evolution

Major Transitions

Evolution and Development

Species and Speciation

Extinction and Evolutionary Trends

The Evolution of Sex

The Evolution of Sociality

Coevolution

Human Evolution

Evolution and Medicine

Filters

Exam 11: The Origin and Evolution of Early Life

The Miller-Urey experiment is significant because it produced the first scientific evidence that

Which of the following is NOT a shared property of living things?

Sol Spiegelman and colleagues demonstrated natural selection in RNA replications because in their experiments

Encapsulation of a hypercycle would NOT be favored when

Ribozymes are

How has the role of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in evolution changed over time?

What did Carl Woese hypothesize about early cell evolution and how does it affect our view of the origin of living organisms?

Which letter indicates where LUCA is found on this phylogenetic tree?

What is the evolutionary relationship between mutation rates and DNA proofreading and repair?

The graph shown plots average ocean temperature, with two different estimates, using different methods. What has been the long-term trend over time?

An Overview of Evolutionary Biology

Early Evolutionary Ideas and Darwin S Insight

Natural Selection

Phylogeny and Evolutionary History

Inferring Phylogeny

Transmission Genetics and the Sources of Genetic Variation

The Genetics of Populations

Evolution in Finite Populations

Evolution at Multiple Loci

Genome Evolution

Major Transitions

Evolution and Development

Species and Speciation

Extinction and Evolutionary Trends

The Evolution of Sex

The Evolution of Sociality

Coevolution

Human Evolution

Evolution and Medicine

Filters