Question 1

Which is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 
B)  H2CO3 
C)  H2S 
D)  HCl 
A)  CO2 
B)  H2CO3 
C)  H2S 
D)  HCl

Question 2

Explain how increased atmospheric carbon dioxide can affect the ability of coral to build their exoskeletons.

Accepted Answer

The increased carbon dioxide in the atmo

Question 3

The dissolved oxygen levels in water did NOT require adaptation for

Accepted Answer

A)  dolphins. 
B)  sharks. 
C)  squid. 
D)  zooplankton. 
A)  dolphins. 
B)  sharks. 
C)  squid. 
D)  zooplankton.

Question 4

Adding dissolved compounds such as salt to water _____ the boiling point and _____ the freezing point.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases; increases 
B)  increases; decreases 
C)  decrease; increases 
D)  decreases; decreases 
A)  increases; increases 
B)  increases; decreases 
C)  decrease; increases 
D)  decreases; decreases

Question 5

The primary cause of coral bleaching is

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased water temperature. 
B)  increased water temperature. 
C)  decreased salt concentrations. 
D)  increased water pH. 
E)  decreased water pH. 
A)  decreased water temperature. 
B)  increased water temperature. 
C)  decreased salt concentrations. 
D)  increased water pH. 
E)  decreased water pH.

Question 6

The high specific heat of water

Accepted Answer

A)  means large amounts of heat are needed to change the temperature of water. 
B)  requires significant heat energy to make the transition from solid to liquid. 
C)  requires significant heat energy to make the transition from liquid to gas. 
D)  makes it difficult to increase the temperature of liquid water above 100ºC. 
A)  means large amounts of heat are needed to change the temperature of water. 
B)  requires significant heat energy to make the transition from solid to liquid. 
C)  requires significant heat energy to make the transition from liquid to gas. 
D)  makes it difficult to increase the temperature of liquid water above 100ºC.

Question 7

What is unusual about the physical properties of water?

Accepted Answer

Although most substances incre

Question 8

Which causes acid rain?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 
B)  SO2 
C)  HCO3 
D)  NaOH 
A)  CO2 
B)  SO2 
C)  HCO3 
D)  NaOH

Question 9

Coral bleaching

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when coral exoskeletons begin to break down. 
B)  is due to a lack of dissolved nutrients from the surrounding water. 
C)  is a temporary process that is usually reversed within days. 
D)  occurs when algae are expelled from coral. 
A)  occurs when coral exoskeletons begin to break down. 
B)  is due to a lack of dissolved nutrients from the surrounding water. 
C)  is a temporary process that is usually reversed within days. 
D)  occurs when algae are expelled from coral.

Question 10

How does the permeable nature of cells affect evolution in aquatic animals?

Accepted Answer

Because their cells are permeable, aquat

Question 11

How does the concentration of bicarbonate in water compare with the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air?

Accepted Answer

A)  one tenth 
B)  about the same 
C)  twice as much 
D)  about 30 times more 
E)  over 100 times more 
A)  one tenth 
B)  about the same 
C)  twice as much 
D)  about 30 times more 
E)  over 100 times more

Question 12

Why is it important for organisms to osmoregulate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Organisms cannot survive in hyposmotic conditions. 
B)  Active transport requires large amounts of energy. 
C)  An imbalance in solutes disrupts cell functions. 
D)  High osmotic pressure can burst cell walls. 
A)  Organisms cannot survive in hyposmotic conditions. 
B)  Active transport requires large amounts of energy. 
C)  An imbalance in solutes disrupts cell functions. 
D)  High osmotic pressure can burst cell walls.

Question 13

Hyperosmotic conditions

Accepted Answer

A)  cause low osmotic pressure. 
B)  occur in freshwater organisms. 
C)  cause active secretion in gills. 
D)  occur in arid landlocked lakes. 
A)  cause low osmotic pressure. 
B)  occur in freshwater organisms. 
C)  cause active secretion in gills. 
D)  occur in arid landlocked lakes.

Question 14

What is the osmotic potential of ocean water?

Accepted Answer

A)  −10 MPa 
B)  −1.2 MPa 
C)  −0.4 MPa 
D)  0 MPa 
E)  2 MPa 
A)  −10 MPa 
B)  −1.2 MPa 
C)  −0.4 MPa 
D)  0 MPa 
E)  2 MPa

Question 15

Solutes

Accepted Answer

A)  are membranes through which nutrients pass into cells. 
B)  reduce the acidity of water. 
C)  are particles that can pass through cell membranes. 
D)  are substances dissolved in water. 
A)  are membranes through which nutrients pass into cells. 
B)  reduce the acidity of water. 
C)  are particles that can pass through cell membranes. 
D)  are substances dissolved in water.

Question 16

How does water in a bog differ from water in other locations?

Accepted Answer

A)  More bicarbonate and more carbon dioxide are available. 
B)  More bicarbonate and less carbon dioxide are available. 
C)  Less bicarbonate and more carbon dioxide are available. 
D)  Less bicarbonate and less carbon dioxide are available. 
A)  More bicarbonate and more carbon dioxide are available. 
B)  More bicarbonate and less carbon dioxide are available. 
C)  Less bicarbonate and more carbon dioxide are available. 
D)  Less bicarbonate and less carbon dioxide are available.

Question 17

You are studying a small stream and find that its pH is 4.5. What does this tell you about the stream, and what might be the cause?

Accepted Answer

The stream is abnormally acidic, given t

Question 18

Glycoproteins coat ice crystals that begin to form in blood and prevent freezing in a process called

Accepted Answer

A)  antifreeze accumulation. 
B)  supercooling. 
C)  isozymal coating. 
D)  osmoregulation. 
A)  antifreeze accumulation. 
B)  supercooling. 
C)  isozymal coating. 
D)  osmoregulation.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a part of carbon equilibrium in water?

Accepted Answer

A)  bicarbonate 
B)  ammonia 
C)  hydrogen ions 
D)  carbonic acid 
A)  bicarbonate 
B)  ammonia 
C)  hydrogen ions 
D)  carbonic acid

Question 20

Aquatic organisms have developed streamlined shapes to adapt to

Accepted Answer

A)  the density of water. 
B)  the viscosity of water. 
C)  the polar nature of water. 
D)  the basic nature of water. 
A)  the density of water. 
B)  the viscosity of water. 
C)  the polar nature of water. 
D)  the basic nature of water.

Exam 2: Adaptations to Aquatic Environments

Which is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration?

Explain how increased atmospheric carbon dioxide can affect the ability of coral to build their exoskeletons.

The dissolved oxygen levels in water did NOT require adaptation for

Adding dissolved compounds such as salt to water _____ the boiling point and _____ the freezing point.

The primary cause of coral bleaching is

The high specific heat of water

What is unusual about the physical properties of water?

Which causes acid rain?

Coral bleaching

How does the permeable nature of cells affect evolution in aquatic animals?

How does the concentration of bicarbonate in water compare with the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air?

Why is it important for organisms to osmoregulate?

Hyperosmotic conditions

What is the osmotic potential of ocean water?

Solutes

How does water in a bog differ from water in other locations?

You are studying a small stream and find that its pH is 4.5. What does this tell you about the stream, and what might be the cause?

Glycoproteins coat ice crystals that begin to form in blood and prevent freezing in a process called

Which of the following is NOT a part of carbon equilibrium in water?

Aquatic organisms have developed streamlined shapes to adapt to

Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method

Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments

Adaptations to Variable Environments

Climates and Soils

Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Evolution and Adaptation

Life Histories

Reproductive Strategies

Social Behaviours

Population Distributions

Population Growth and Regulation

Population Dynamics Over Space and Time

Predation and Herbivory

Parasitism and Infectious Diseases

Competition

Community Structure

Community Succession

Movement of Energy in Ecosystems

Movement of Elements in Ecosystems

Landscape Ecology, Biogeography, and Global Biodiversity

Global Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters

Adding dissolved compounds such as salt to water _ the boiling point and _ the freezing point.