Exam 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

In the early trucking studies by Morton Deutsch and Robert Krauss (1960,1962),it was found that allowing the competing participants to communicate during the game

In a ____ dilemma,everyone takes from a public pool of goods that will replenish itself only if used in moderation.

The abuse of Iraqi prisoners by U.S.soldiers at Abu Ghraib best illustrates

"Who would make a great president? Someone who is uncompromisingly true to her (or his)values,assertive,intelligent,articulate,courageous,and passionate,that's who." The previous quote reflects the application of the ____ theory of leadership.

Although the term "group" is used commonly in everyday conversation,it has a very specific meaning in the context of social psychology.First,define "group," and be sure you include the two essential properties of groups in your definition.Second,identify a group in the real world.It can be one that you belong to,or just know of.Explain how the group you've identified exemplifies the two central properties of a group.

Jan is the leader of a cohesive "knowledge masters" group that is preparing to compete against teams from other colleges.To prevent groupthink and ensure that her group is successful,she should

"We will not talk about other members behind their backs,and we will never divulge one another's secrets to anyone,inside or outside this group." The preceding statement reflects

For Halloween,Jeff wears a sheet and goes to a party as a ghost.How is this costume likely to influence his behavior? He will

Members of a twelve-person jury all took slightly different notes of the testimony they heard.When they get together,everyone has written information about the physical description of the assailant,one wrote down the defendant's alibi,three people wrote details of the crime,and four other people wrote information about the credibility of the eye witnesses.Based on how groups tend to share information (as presented in your text),which piece of information will the jury be most likely to spend the most time discussing?

Marsha has been promoted to the supervisor position in her company.She has had a good working relationship with her subordinates,they all highly respect her,and the goals for her team have been clearly defined by the company.In order to be an effective leader in this situation,Marsha should focus on

Consider the following destructive acts: soccer fans bludgeoning one another,fans at rock concerts trampling one another to death to secure good seats,and Klansmen lynching African Americans.All of these are examples of the dangerous effects of

According to Fred Fiedler's (1967,1978)contingency theory of leadership,in ____ situations,the leader has poor relationships with subordinates,and directs tasks that are not clearly defined.

In describing his experiences during decision-making that preceded the disastrous Bay of Pigs invasion,Kennedy's adviser,Arthur Schlesinger,reported that although he was opposed to the invasion,he didn't speak out because "others would regard it as presumptuous of him,a college professor,to take issue with august heads of government institutions." This example best reflects ____ as a symptom of groupthink.

Experimental research on social conflicts has shown that the greatest amount of cooperation occurs when

Morton Deutsch and Robert Krauss (1960,1962)found that cooperation between adversaries is most likely to occur when

Recall that in one condition of an experiment conducted by Gerald Stasser (Stasser & Titus,1985),all group members had access to the same information,and that in another condition,members had unique information that other group members didn't know.In the second (unshared information)condition,the group made a worse decision than in the first (shared information)condition.This occurred because groups

Integrative solutions are

A ____ leader would be most effective in dealing with mean-spirited interoffice competition and employee pettiness in an organization that is otherwise productive.