Question 1

Figure 3.6
-Which molecule shown in Figure 3.6 can form a cross linkage?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 2

Research indicates that ibuprofen, a drug used to relieve inflammation and pain, is a mixture of two enantiomers, that is, molecules that

Accepted Answer

A)  have identical chemical formulas but differ in the branching of their carbon skeletons. 
B)  are mirror images of one another. 
C)  exist in either linear chain or ring forms. 
D)  differ in the location of their double bonds. 
E)  differ in the arrangement of atoms around their double bonds. 
A)  have identical chemical formulas but differ in the branching of their carbon skeletons. 
B)  are mirror images of one another. 
C)  exist in either linear chain or ring forms. 
D)  differ in the location of their double bonds. 
E)  differ in the arrangement of atoms around their double bonds.

Question 3

Which level of protein structure do the α helix and the β pleated sheet represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary 
B)  secondary 
C)  tertiary 
D)  quaternary 
E)  primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary 
A)  primary 
B)  secondary 
C)  tertiary 
D)  quaternary 
E)  primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary

Question 4

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 35S, which of these molecules will be labeled?

Accepted Answer

A)  phospholipids 
B)  nucleic acids 
C)  proteins 
D)  amylose 
E)  both proteins and nucleic acids 
A)  phospholipids 
B)  nucleic acids 
C)  proteins 
D)  amylose 
E)  both proteins and nucleic acids

Question 5

Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis reactions break down polymers. 
B)  Dehydration reactions eliminate water from lipid membranes, and hydrolysis makes lipid membranes water permeable. 
C)  Dehydration reactions can occur only after hydrolysis. 
D)  Hydrolysis creates monomers, and dehydration reactions break down polymers. 
E)  Dehydration reactions ionize water molecules and add hydroxyl groups to polymers; hydrolysis reactions release hydroxyl groups from polymers. 
A)  Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis reactions break down polymers. 
B)  Dehydration reactions eliminate water from lipid membranes, and hydrolysis makes lipid membranes water permeable. 
C)  Dehydration reactions can occur only after hydrolysis. 
D)  Hydrolysis creates monomers, and dehydration reactions break down polymers. 
E)  Dehydration reactions ionize water molecules and add hydroxyl groups to polymers; hydrolysis reactions release hydroxyl groups from polymers.

Question 6

Figure 3.5
-Which molecule shown in Figure 3.5 has a carbonyl functional group in the form of a ketone?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 7

Figure 3.4
-Which of the groups in Figure 3.4 is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H+ into a solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 8

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 32P-labeled phosphate, which of these molecules will be labeled?

Accepted Answer

A)  phospholipids 
B)  nucleic acids 
C)  proteins 
D)  amylose 
E)  both phospholipids and nucleic acids 
A)  phospholipids 
B)  nucleic acids 
C)  proteins 
D)  amylose 
E)  both phospholipids and nucleic acids

Question 9

Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?

Accepted Answer

A)  monosaccharide 
B)  disaccharide 
C)  starch 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  polysaccharide 
A)  monosaccharide 
B)  disaccharide 
C)  starch 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  polysaccharide

Question 10

If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  40 
D)  80 
E)  impossible to tell from the information given 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  40 
D)  80 
E)  impossible to tell from the information given

Question 11

A molecule with the chemical formula C6H12O6 is probably a

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate. 
B)  lipid. 
C)  monosaccharide 
D)  carbohydrate and lipid only. 
E)  carbohydrate and monosaccharide only. 
A)  carbohydrate. 
B)  lipid. 
C)  monosaccharide 
D)  carbohydrate and lipid only. 
E)  carbohydrate and monosaccharide only.

Question 12

The element present in all organic molecules is

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen. 
B)  oxygen. 
C)  carbon. 
D)  nitrogen. 
E)  phosphorus. 
A)  hydrogen. 
B)  oxygen. 
C)  carbon. 
D)  nitrogen. 
E)  phosphorus.

Question 13

Figure 3.3
-Which of the structures illustrated in Figure 3.3 is an impossible covalently bonded molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 14

Figure 3.5
-Which molecule shown in Figure 3.5 has a carbonyl functional group in the form of an aldehyde?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 15

Figure 3.5
-Which molecule shown in Figure 3.5 contains a carboxyl group?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 16

Which of the following is not a monomer/polymer pairing?

Accepted Answer

A)  monosaccharide/polysaccharide 
B)  amino acid/protein 
C)  triglyceride/phospholipid bilayer 
D)  deoxyribonucleotide/DNA 
E)  ribonucleotide/RNA 
A)  monosaccharide/polysaccharide 
B)  amino acid/protein 
C)  triglyceride/phospholipid bilayer 
D)  deoxyribonucleotide/DNA 
E)  ribonucleotide/RNA

Question 17

How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  8 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  8

Question 18

What determines whether a carbon atom's covalent bonds to other atoms are in a tetrahedral configuration or a planar configuration?

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence or absence of bonds with oxygen atoms 
B)  the presence or absence of double bonds between the carbon atom and other atoms 
C)  the polarity of the covalent bonds between carbon and other atoms 
D)  the presence or absence of bonds with nitrogen atoms 
E)  the solvent that the organic molecule is dissolved in 
A)  the presence or absence of bonds with oxygen atoms 
B)  the presence or absence of double bonds between the carbon atom and other atoms 
C)  the polarity of the covalent bonds between carbon and other atoms 
D)  the presence or absence of bonds with nitrogen atoms 
E)  the solvent that the organic molecule is dissolved in

Question 19

Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a glycosidic linkage to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified?

Accepted Answer

A)  as a pentose 
B)  as a hexose 
C)  as a monosaccharide 
D)  as a disaccharide 
E)  as a polysaccharide 
A)  as a pentose 
B)  as a hexose 
C)  as a monosaccharide 
D)  as a disaccharide 
E)  as a polysaccharide

Question 20

The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are the α form. Which of the following could amylase break down?

Accepted Answer

A)  starch 
B)  cellulose 
C)  chitin 
D)  starch and chitin only 
E)  starch, cellulose, and chitin 
A)  starch 
B)  cellulose 
C)  chitin 
D)  starch and chitin only 
E)  starch, cellulose, and chitin

Exam 3: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Figure 3.6 -Which molecule shown in Figure 3.6 can form a cross linkage?

Research indicates that ibuprofen, a drug used to relieve inflammation and pain, is a mixture of two enantiomers, that is, molecules that

Which level of protein structure do the α helix and the β pleated sheet represent?

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 35S, which of these molecules will be labeled?

Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

Figure 3.5 -Which molecule shown in Figure 3.5 has a carbonyl functional group in the form of a ketone?

Figure 3.4 -Which of the groups in Figure 3.4 is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H+ into a solution?

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 32P-labeled phosphate, which of these molecules will be labeled?

Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?

If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine?

A molecule with the chemical formula C6H12O6 is probably a

The element present in all organic molecules is

Figure 3.3 -Which of the structures illustrated in Figure 3.3 is an impossible covalently bonded molecule?

Figure 3.5 -Which molecule shown in Figure 3.5 has a carbonyl functional group in the form of an aldehyde?

Figure 3.5 -Which molecule shown in Figure 3.5 contains a carboxyl group?

Which of the following is not a monomer/polymer pairing?

How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?

What determines whether a carbon atom's covalent bonds to other atoms are in a tetrahedral configuration or a planar configuration?

Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a glycosidic linkage to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified?

The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are the α form. Which of the following could amylase break down?

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Species Interactions

Ecosystems and Energy

Global Ecology and Conservation Biology

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